Resource link:
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Extraction Code: ky83 Title: Source
Author: [America] David Christian
Translator: Sun Yue
Douban score: 7.7
Publishing House: CITIC Publishing House. Look at the polis.
Publication year: 20 19-4- 10
Page count: 340
Content introduction:
In the ultimate inquiry of mankind, origin is always an unavoidable problem.
There are more than 100 origin stories in the world, and almost all human cultures and religious traditions have their own origin stories: Genesis in the Bible says that everything was created by God; The myth handed down from ancient times in China said that Pangu opened the sky and Nu Wa made man. In ancient Greek mythology, the primitive universe originated from the earliest gods such as Gaia, the goddess of the earth; In Indian mythology, Brahma, the father of all beings, created everything in the universe; And the origin of ancient Egypt.
These origin stories all have a common purpose, that is, to find a holistic explanation of the world for people at that time.
Different from ancient times, today's people no longer turn to the myths handed down from ancient times and put forward the overall explanation of the world, which is what scientists are doing. Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Darwin, Einstein and so on. All of them have made subversive contributions to our understanding of the world, but so far we don't have a long-term and complete modern origin story based on modern science.
Origin: The History of Everything is a modern story about the origin of science for 7 billion people around the world, based on the collective knowledge of physics, astronomy, biology and history accumulated by human beings in this era of globalization.
Origin: A History of Everything returns to the tradition of philosophy and science, integrates new knowledge from various disciplines, and tells the history of everything from BIGBANG to the formation of the earth, from the origin of life to the future of mankind for 65.438+0.38 billion years. It not only embodies the achievements of modern science in the past hundred years, but also puts forward the origin of the universe, the birth of stars, the formation of the solar system, the emergence of life on the earth, the emergence of Homo sapiens, the arrival of the agricultural age and the human age, and the collectivity. What's more, human history is driven by collective knowledge, and the story of the universe is about energy.
A few wise people always ask the big question of origin, but the history of everything is written for most people. This book weaves a general scientific story about the evolution of the universe for readers all over the world. Although concise, it challenges our "human-centered" world outlook.
In the 5th century BC, the ancient Greek philosopher protagoras said that "man is the measure of all things". We regard this as a standard, but this book will refresh our cognition. This sentence should be changed to "everything is a measure of understanding human beings"
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Knowledge series (produced by knowledge city-state):
0 1 Timechart: Great History,/kloc-0.3 billion years ago to the present [America] David Christian
What's new under the sun: the global interaction between human beings and the environment in the 20 th century [America] John McNeill
03 revolutionary years: 1789- 1848 [British] Eric hobsbawm.
04 Capital Age: 1848- 1875 [English] Eric hobsbawm.
05 Age of Empire: 1875- 19 14 [English] Eric hobsbawm.
06 age limit:1914-1991[English] Eric hobsbawm.
The bell of the night watchman: the crisis and outlet of our time [America] Rebecca D. Costa
08 "1913, the world before World War I" [English] Charles Emerson.
09 The History of Civilization: The Inheritance and Exchange of Human Civilization in Five Thousand Years [France] Fernand Braudel.
10 gene transfer: the source of all beings (paperback+hardcover) [America] Siddhartha Mukherjee
1 1 the outbreak of 10,000 years: how civilization accelerates human evolution [America] Gregory Cochrane [America] Henry Harbinting
12 Torture Europe: Cooperation, Resistance and Revenge during World War II [America] istvan Dick
13 Columbus exchange: biological shock and cultural shock after 1492 [America] Alfred W. crosby
14 from dawn to decline: 500 years of western cultural life, 1500 to present (paperback+hardcover) [America] Jacques Balzun
Plague and Human [America] william mcneill
The Rise of the West: the History of Human Society [America] william mcneill
17 The End of the Ottoman Empire: War, Revolution and the Birth of the Modern Middle East, 1908- 1923 [America] Sean McMeekin.
18 the birth of science: a new history of scientific revolution (paperback+hardcover) [America] David Wootton
Civil War: History in Idea [America] David Armitage
20 "The Fifth Beginning" [America] Robert L Kelly
2 1 A brief history of mankind: from animals to God (hardcover+paperback) [Israel] yuval Harari
22 dark continent: Europe in the 20th century [Britain] Mark Mazor
23 "Utopia of Realists: How to Create an Ideal World" [Netherlands] Roger Bregman
The Big Bang of Populism: How the Great Recession Changed American and European Politics [America] John Judith
25 Selfish Genes (40th Anniversary Edition) (Paperback+Hardcover) [UK] Richard Dawkins.
26 "Power and Culture: Japan-US War/KOOC-0/94/KOOC-0/-/KOOC-0/945" [America] akira iriye.
27 "Jewish Civilization: A Comparative Perspective of Jewish History" [America] S.N. Aizenstat
28 "Technology Monopoly: Culture Surrender to Technology" [America] neil Pozmann
29 "From Dan Medicine to Guns: China's Military Pattern in World History" [America] Ouyang Tai
30 Origin: The History of Everything [America] David Christian
3 1 Why inequality matters [America] Thomas scanlon
32 Cognitive Tools: Cultural Evolutionary Psychology [America] Cecilia Hayes
33 A Brief History [America] edited by David Christian [America] william mcneill.
The death of experts: the prevalence and influence of anti-intellectualism [America] Thomas M. Nichols
35 "Great History and the Future of Mankind" [Netherlands] Fred speer
36 "Good Angels in Human Nature" [America] Stephen Pinker
37 "Historical System" [France] Fran? ois Atogho
38 The Mirror of Herodotus [France] Fran? ois Atto
39 "Set out for Greece" [France] Fran? ois Atto
40 "Letterman's Lounge" [France] Fran? ois Atto
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Editor's recommendation
To ask the origin is to ask the meaning of existence. Combine science and history to tell the story of the origin of BIGBANG. Bill Gates recommended that lifelong learners will definitely like this great history of everything.
1. How is a history that is not centered on human beings told?
Most people talk about history, paying attention to the rise and fall of a country and the replacement of dynasties, and paying attention to the history told by human beings. The famous saying "Man is the measure of all things" by the ancient Greek philosopher Protegotra has influenced it to this day. We are used to anthropocentrism, but we have long neglected the history of the universe, the earth and life, which is longer and more closely related than human history.
The scientific achievements in recent 100 years allow us to trace back and write the story of the origin of everything in a longer time. Origin: The great history of everything broke anthropocentrism, covering everything from the birth of the universe 65.438+0.38 billion years ago. BIGBANG, the star begins to shine, new elements are produced after the star dies, the sun and solar system are formed, life, microorganisms and large creatures appear on the earth, and asteroids hit the earth, leading to the extinction of dinosaurs. From the opening of a big bang 65.438+0.38 billion years ago to the impact of an asteroid on the earth 65 million years ago, the author used the whole book 654.38+0/ David Christian to integrate science and humanities, bringing together countless views of dozens of science, art and humanities, and weaving a panorama of the evolution of everything in the universe with boundless knowledge.
How important it is to integrate all the new knowledge into one book and give us an overall explanation of the world.
We inherited a strong desire for unified and all-encompassing knowledge from our ancestors. /kloc-the scientific and technological progress in the past 0/00 years has greatly changed our exploration and description of the universe. From the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation, to the first moon photo taken by apollo 8 spacecraft in 1964, to the discovery of genes, to the moon landing and the discovery of gravitational waves, science has greatly changed human's cognition of the universe and itself.
Science provides us with abundant answers. Origin: The History of Everything is a long-term, complete modern version of the origin story for 7 billion people around the world, based on the collective knowledge of physics, astronomy, biology and history accumulated by human beings in this era of globalization. This is the first story about the origin of everything in the world, which combines the latest knowledge of various disciplines and provides us with wise guidance in the era of globalization.
3. What is great history?
Great history is a story about where you and I came from and how everything around us has been formed so far. Bill Gates said: "Great history can provide a framework for us to understand all the history from the Big Bang to the present. Usually in schools, science and history are taught separately-there are special courses on physics and the origin of civilization-but Grand History breaks this boundary. Whenever I learn new knowledge, whether it is biology, history or any other subject, I always try to put it in the framework of big history. No other course will have such a great impact on the way I see the world. "
Origin: The Great History of Everything is a new work by David Christian. He is the founder of the great historical school and the author of the minimalist map of human history and time. Based on modern science, we can tell great history and gain great knowledge. No one can illustrate this point better than David Christian. Today, the course "Great History Project" co-founded by Bill Gates and David Christian has spread all over thousands of universities and middle schools around the world, covering Europe, America and Australia, as well as China international schools such as Hongkong, Beijing and Shanghai, which has brought brand-new changes to university and middle school education.
It is worth mentioning that the translator of this book, Professor Sun Yue, is a director of the International Association of Great History and a professor at the School of Foreign Languages of Capital Normal University. He devoted himself to the study of great history for many years and was the only one who translated this book. The translation is beautiful, clear, accurate and fluent.
4. The brilliant idea of this book
The origin of the universe is energy. Matter is made up of energy, which breeds everything, and atoms, protons and neutrons, stars and the earth create life. In essence, human practice is to obtain energy and use it to change the surrounding environment, thus changing human evolution. It supports science and technology, launches wars and promotes civilization. Today's fossil fuel revolution is facing new innovations, and the progress of energy has become the main theme of scientific and technological development.
○ Energy leads to change, and information leads to the direction of change. All changes in the universe are information, which is the mystery of the composition and evolution of the universe, nature and life. Together with energy, information has played a leading role in the great progress of human civilization. Information can be passed down from generation to generation, greatly increasing the amount of knowledge. Humans will create and share more and more information, and use it to seek greater and more energy flows and resources. In modern times, new information enables human beings to have strong scientific and technological capabilities, enabling us to use fossil fuels and integrate the world.
○ Human history begins with collective knowledge, which makes human beings different. Humans can learn collectively, so that knowledge can be spread and shared within one generation or between generations. This is a human trait, and it is a brand-new and faster way to "adapt" to the environment. When other species adapt slowly and patiently and share genes, we adapt by sharing ideas. Collective knowledge is all the knowledge shared by human beings and the foundation of our wisdom. Collective knowledge is the source of our creation as a species, and it is also the reason why we have history alone. Today, the collective knowledge of mankind has reached a peak.
○ Complexity theory: the core concept of modern origin story, which is very important to us human beings. Every time there are new phenomena, new features and even new species in the universe, it means that the complexity is constantly improving, which is a great mystery of the evolution of all things. The origin story in this book revolves around eight nodes and becomes more and more complicated.
○ Jin Fenghua condition: It is a rare special premise and environment, and "just right" allows some new complexity to appear. It is of great significance to understand the nature of human beings and the world to find out how complex things come into being and what kind of Jin Fenghua conditions they need.
○ Time: As for the time scale, there is a wonderful metaphor in great history, which makes us re-understand time: if we compare 1300 million years to 13 years, then the Big Bang occurred13 years ago, the earliest stars and galaxies appeared about 12 years ago, and the sun and solar system appeared in 4.5 years. The dinosaurs died out about three weeks ago, the earliest Homo sapiens evolved in Africa about 50 minutes ago, the earliest agricultural prosperity about 5 minutes ago, the earliest recorded city about 3 minutes ago, the modern industrial revolution that dominated the world about 6 seconds ago, and the population reached 7 billion about 2 seconds ago. World War II, the first use of atomic weapons, human landing on the moon, electronic revolution,
5. They suggested-
Bill Gates is a fan of David Christian and a full supporter of the Great Historical Project. He read this book for the first time, and recommended it on many platforms, such as gatenotes, Weibo and WeChat official account, and personally wrote a preface for the Chinese version, "Lifelong learners will definitely like this great history of everything".
This book was rated asNo. 1 on the "historical category" list of Goodreads in 20 18, and was published in more than 30 countries around the world. Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft Corporation, Sir Ken Robinson, an outstanding educator in the world, Merry wisner, author of Seven Minimalist Physics Courses, president of the World History Society, Professor Liu Blunt, former director of the Institute of Natural Science History of Chinese Academy of Sciences, professor of science and technology history of Tsinghua University, professor of philosophy of Peking University, professor Jiang of Shanghai Jiaotong University, researcher Hong Xu of the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, columnist of FT Chinese Network, founder of Economist Reading Club, etc.
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Celebrity recommendation
I have always been a fan of David Christian. Knowing where humans come from largely determines where we will go next. Origin: The history of everything tells you the origin of everything with the latest knowledge, which makes you have a deeper understanding of your position and situation in the universe.
-Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft and chairman of the Gates Foundation.
Origin: The history of everything is an extraordinary crystallization of our current understanding of the universe, the solar system, oceans, mountains and minerals, all life on earth, and the birth and development of human culture and achievements. It brings together countless viewpoints from dozens of scientific, artistic and humanities disciplines, and every page has fascinating ideas, and every page is full of the energy of thrillers. In today's era, it is more important for human beings as a whole to understand our position on the earth and the position of the earth in the universe more clearly and comprehensively. Such a landmark work came out at the right time.
-Sir Ken Robinson, an outstanding educator and thinker in the world.
David Christian found an amazing way to use history to sort out all our knowledge about the world. This is a remarkable achievement.
-Carlo Rovelli, author of Seven Minimalist Physics Classes.
The extraordinary work Origin: The History of Everything puts our self-righteous human beings in a proper position in the universe, and explains why human culture and knowledge, which Christian called "collective knowledge", are crucial to understanding the present world and shaping the future.
-Merry, President of the World History Society? Wisner Hanks (Merry wisner Hanks)
Professor David Christian told the story of this origin very well, and he provided us with a short course of modern science. This is a brief history of the universe and an excellent great historical work.
Wall street journal
This is the best interdisciplinary history writing I know, and there is no one. If you only read one book this year, it must be this one.
-farid fareed zakaria, editor-in-chief of Time magazine and host of CNN's popular commentary program.
Origin: A history of everything is a long-term science that needs wisdom and courage.
-Nature magazine (Nature)
When the time scale of the universe is reduced to one billion, its origin is only 65438+8 months in 2003. Flower of life appeared on the earth, that is, three years and nine months, and the farewell of apes only happened two and a half days ago. In this short time, the planet and human society have undergone earth-shaking changes. Language, thought and wisdom are deduced from carbon, hydrogen atoms and life spores, and finally become a colorful drama that human beings must coexist with from fear and conquest of nature to becoming sensible, but they can only continue to live in the carefree Garden of Eden for three seconds. Origin: A history of everything is the "Genesis" of contemporary science and the "Warning" of great history. Professor Sun Yue's translation is accurate and fluent, which is worth recommending to every reader who cares about the community of human destiny.
—— Tsinghua University distinguished professor, former director of the Institute of the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liu Zhizhi.
Origin: A History of Everything synthesizes the history of the universe, the history of biology, the history of human evolution and the history of human civilization into a magnificent epic of heaven and man, which broadens the horizons of historians and opens up a new frontier for the intersection of science and humanities. The vision of matter, energy and information also constitutes a unique historical philosophy.
-Wu Guosheng, a professor of history of science in Tsinghua University.
The sequence from racism, nationalism, anthropocentrism to the symbiosis of all things is the process of weakening dogma, broadening horizons, self-liberation and perfecting human nature, and it is also the only way for human systems to survive in the human world. The story of origin and evolution is told over and over again. Christian adopted new ideas, integrated new data, revised the old version, and inspired people to overcome narrowness. If we can't get out of the predicament, we will ignore the conceited, aggressive and greedy species in the great historical narrative of future extraterrestrial civilization.
-Liu Huajie, Professor Peking University, cultural advocate of natural history.
Origin: A history of everything is between science and history, which is actually a common narrative perspective of ancient civilization, but its content is based on modern science.
—— Professor Jiang, the first president of the Institute of Science History and Science Culture of Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Professor Christian continued his grand narrative style of "Great History". From the initial moment of the universe to the arrival of the "Anthropocene", the eight historical nodes are vivid and enjoyable to read. It is an eternal theme for human beings to explore nature and their own mysteries to solve the problems of history now and in the future. Looking back at the history of this exploration, from myths and legends to regional history, to world history and global history, to the "great history" of poor human beings and even the origin of the biosphere, ideological cognition and civilization evolution are synchronous. Isn't the thought and practice of "great history" one of the important achievements of the human world since the middle of the 20th century? Compared with previous researches on fragmentation, Professor Christian's comprehensive historical knowledge and his series of works undoubtedly have irreplaceable milestone significance. Reading this book can make us less complacent and arrogant, more afraid and awe, look up at the stars and make steady progress. ...
—— Hong Xu, researcher of Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and captain of Erlitou Archaeological Team.
Cosmology is a great history worthy of the name, and great history is its origin in essence, and its origin is manifested in systematic knowledge related to it. The universe is not only a miracle, but also an accident, which is the result of the continuous emergence of complex systems. Looking forward is looking back. Talking about the origin of the universe is actually understanding the future of mankind. The greatness of human beings lies in being able to start from a small place, learn collectively and evolve constantly; We will finally understand that human beings are neither the beginning nor the end of the earth.
-Xu Wei, columnist of ——FT Chinese Network and founder of The Economist Reading Club
Like Bill Gates, I am also a "fan" of David Christian. I bought the English version at the first time, and finished reading Origin in one week. This book is only 300 pages, but it has accomplished an almost impossible task, telling the history of the universe for 654.38+03.8 billion years. As an important representative of great historical research, Christian has little grasp of world history, and this book further shows his extensive reading and in-depth thinking in the field of science and technology. Under Christian's brilliant pen, from the origin of the universe to the future of mankind, the big question about global destiny has become so fascinating for the first time.
—— Professor Li, Editor-in-Chief of International Sociology Review, School of Social Studies, Huazhong Normal University
Nowadays, everything seems to be speeding up, so that from time to time we feel that we are slowly approaching some upcoming major change, so what we do in the next few decades will have a major impact on the scale of thousands of years, whether it is for human beings or the entire biosphere. In any case, we now control the fate of the entire biosphere, which may be good or bad.
-The author of this book is David Christian.
About the author:
David? Christian (David Christian, 1946-)
Doctor of Philosophy, Oxford University, who once specialized in Russian history and Soviet history. Since 1980s, he began to study world history on a large scale. He is the founder of the "Great History" school and the first founding chairman of the International Association of Great History. He is now the director of the Institute of Great History at Macquarie University in Sydney, and the designer and chief lecturer of Macquarie University's massive open online course. 2009-2065 438+03 Served as "Outstanding Professor of World-class University" at Ewha Women's University in Korea.
In 2008, Christian and Bill? Gates co-founded the Great History Project to promote the great history education in middle schools. At present, there are thousands of universities and middle schools in the world-the United States, Australia, China, Hongkong, Beijing and Shanghai. -Courses on grand history have been offered in succession. He gave many keynote speeches at conferences around the world, including the World Economic Forum held in Davos. His TED talk on great history, the history of our world in 18 minutes, has been watched by nearly100000 people.
His major works include Time Map: An Introduction to Great History, This fleeting world: A brief history of mankind, and The Story of Origin: A Great History of Everything, which have deeply influenced the public's understanding of human history.
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Brief introduction of translator
Sun Yue, Ph.D. in History (major in world history), is a professor at the School of Foreign Languages of Capital Normal University. She is mainly engaged in translation teaching and cross-cultural literature and history research, especially in recent years. 20 14 was elected as a member of the board of directors of the international association of great history. The main translations are Origin: A History of Everything, A History and Future of Mankind, A Historical Declaration, The Rise of the West: A History of Human Community (co-translation) and so on.