The Anshi Rebellion divided the Tang Dynasty into two parts. "In 140 years, the country's ability is impressive." Now, the former national capacity has become a ruined wall full of bricks and tiles, and the "five-ling frivolous son" who fought with chickens and walked with dogs all his life has also been plundered by foreign countries. The emperor lived in Shan Ye, the imperial concubine died, and both Beijing fell. In the past, it was like a dream for all nationalities to come to Korea, but now it is just a nightmare. Now, the dream is gone and the nightmare is gone, but people can't forget those two dreams, at least for the magnificent dream, they are still struggling to pursue it.
In the era when Bai Juyi lived, there were still many people living in the Tianbao period of Kaiyuan, and he could also hear many stories. In addition to Song of Eternal Sorrow, he also wrote many stories in the form of long sentences, such as Shang Yang's White-haired Man, Xinfeng Brokeback Weng, and Jiangnan's Happy Meeting with Tianbao.
The characters in the poem described the dream:
Shang Yang people, Shang Yang people, beauty is black, white hair is new. ?
Green guards the palace gate. As soon as the sun closes, it is spring. ?
Xuanzong entered the primary election at the end of the year, aged 16 and 60. ?
At the same time, more than 100 people were selected, who were deeply disabled.
Recalling the past, I fought back my grief and said goodbye to my loved ones. I helped myself into the car instead of teaching me to cry. ?
When the clouds are fashionable, they are grateful, their faces are like hibiscus, and their chests are like jade. ?
The king was not allowed to meet, and Yang Fei squinted at him. ?
Jealousy makes you sneak into the palace and stay in the empty room all your life.
...？
Outsiders should laugh if they can't see it. ?
Shang Yang people suffered the most. ? ?
How about suffering less, suffering older, suffering less and suffering older! ?
You can't see the beauty of Lu tribute in those days, nor can you see Yang Guifei and white-haired songs today!
-"Shang Yang White-haired Man"
As Du Fu said, "But power can be as hot as a flame and burn people's fingers. Be wary of the Prime Minister and his frown!" Yang Guifei's brother and sister are just pointing fingers, but the protagonist who entered the palace at this time was noticed by the imperial concubine, and his life changed and he was trapped in the deep palace until his next year. The title of this poem is self-evident: "After the fifth year of Tianbao (746), Yang Guifei was a special pet and the harem was unlucky." Those who have beauty in the sixth house need to be placed in other places, and Shang Yang is one of them. Zhenyuan has work to do. "
Bai Juyi showed Yang's belligerence when he was in power, which injured his national strength and enabled An Lushan to take the opportunity to arise and rebel.
I asked Weng how many years his arm had been broken and what caused it. ?
Weng Yunguan belongs to Xinfeng County. He was born in a sundae without fighting. ?
I'm used to orchestral music, but I don't know flags, guns, bows and arrows. ?
There is no big conscription in Tianbao, and every household has three small places. ?
Go wherever you drive, and Wan Liyun will go south in May. ?
...？
I was twenty-four years old and had a name in the Ministry of War. ?
Late at night, I didn't dare to let anyone know, so I stole a big stone and broke my arm. ?
The bow and flag are unbearable, and Yunnan is exempt from this.
...？
You can't smell the smell of Song Kaifu, the prime minister of Kaiyuan, and you don't know the border defense work to prevent war. ?
I don't know Tianbao Prime Minister Yang. I want to make contributions to my country.
There are no complaints about border work, please ask Xinfeng folding arm Weng. ?
? -"Xinfeng folding arm Weng"
In the era of crowing, I met such a prime minister. Generations of people who didn't see the sword and soldiers were forcibly recruited as soldiers, but the prime minister seemed to have no military talent. He attacked Nanzhao and was completely annihilated. "Be grateful, be glad that you can make contributions to the frontier." As a result, the frontier was not built, and hundreds of thousands of troops made cannon fodder in vain. I won't mention this. An Lushan, who had ulterior motives, took advantage of the opportunity and played the banner of An Shi Rebellion.
Bai Juyi's other poem, "Music in the South of the Yangtze River meets Tianbao", shows the great difference between the past and the present of Huaqing Palace from the perspective of a musician accompanying him, and feels the ups and downs of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Bald and crying, Lushan Mountain did not enter the pear garden. ?
Most people who can play pipa and French music are in Huaqing and Supreme. ?
At that time, the world was peaceful for a long time, and I sat in the court every October. ?
Thousands of officials live in harmony, and all countries will run like horses and chariots. ?
Golden cymbals shine on the stone urn temple, and blue musk deer smoke warms the soup source. ?
The imperial concubine turned to serve the king's side and was sickly. ?
The winter snow is warm and the spring breeze is rippling.
...？
The waves on the autumn wind river are infinite, and there is a toast on the boat at dusk. ?
Dried fish has lost its wind and rain for a long time, and dried grass is stained with rain and dew. ?
I came to Mo Wen from the Qin Dynasty, and the Weihe River in Lishan was deserted. ?
Xinfeng tree cages the bright moon, and Yongsheng Hall locks the spring clouds.
Red leaves covered the tiles and moss sealed the walls. ?
Only the officials are palace envoys, and cold food is served every year.
-"Jiangnan meets Tianbao Music"
Le Sou's experience can't help but remind people of Du Fu's On Encountering the River, whether it's In the Palace of Qi or In front of Cui, it must be as "barren as a village" as Huaqing Palace.
As mentioned above, in addition to Song of Eternal Sorrow, Bai Juyi has many poems that reflect the Anshi Rebellion from different angles. To some extent, An Shi Rebellion is a national memory, so many poets want to record it in their poems. At present, Du Li and Wang Wei have both experienced the Anshi Rebellion, and many articles have recorded their experiences and feelings.
Later generations can't personally feel the joy of Du Fu's "Two Banks of the Yellow River" being recovered by the imperial army, nor can they feel the white exile because "everyone wants to kill". The most regrettable, but also the most subtle attitude of the poet, is the love between Tang and Yu, which ended in Maweipo. The poet's record of the Anshi Rebellion should be regarded as Bai Juyi's fable of the new Yuefu, whose main function is to learn from history, but there is no lack of kindness and curiosity.
Yuan Zhen, who is as famous as Bai Juyi, wrote a famous narrative poem "Lianchanggong Ci" more than ten years after Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow":
Lianchang Palace is full of palace bamboos, and no one has been there for a long time.
There are also Chiba peaches on the wall. When the wind blows, the flowers turn red. ?
The old man beside the palace wept for Yu, and he ate it the next year.
The emperor is looking at the fairy building, which is too real to hold water.
Upstairs and in front of the building, pearls are all green, dazzling and sparkling.
Come back like a dream, why not prepare to enter the palace? ?
..？
In October next year, the east will be broken and the imperial road will still exist.
...？
Later, it was said that the Six Emperors did not leave the palace gate for a long time.
When I was a child, I said Chang 'an, and Xuanwu Building became a calyx waste. ?
Last year, even the door was temporarily opened because of bamboo.
Jing Zhen combs the pond, and the fox and rabbit are proud of the tree.
...？
The Prime Minister is anonymous and vaguely remembers Yang and Li. ?
For fifty years, Mo Miao has been subverting the world.
Today, the emperor is sacred, the prime minister is clear, and the imperial edict is sent to Wu Shuping.
The loyalist also took the Huaixi thief, and this thief was also in addition to the world.
Don't send your children to farm this year.
The old man was deeply grateful for this and tried to stop fighting in the temple.
-"Lotus Palace Ci"
Yuan Zhen's long poems describe the past and present changes of Lianchang Palace with the experience of the old man, and record the process of Yang and his brother and sister fighting for power and profit in the middle, and then praise the court for bringing order out of chaos, with obvious intentions. Yuan Zhen's poems were written in the period of Tang Xianzong, and this country has a prosperous atmosphere. Yuan Zhen brought some positive views, including the description of Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei, but there are still many people who are "dreaming", as another poem of Yuan Zhen, Palace, said:
In the empty and desolate old palace, there is only the lonely brilliant red of Hua Gong. ?
Several white-haired footmen were sitting around talking about the emperor of the Tang Dynasty.
-"Palace"
The experience of this white-haired maid-in-waiting may be better than that of Shang Yang before her. She should have seen Xuanzong at a welcome event in the palace, and since then, she has been "dreaming" and is still chanting Xuanzong in her later years.
In addition, Yuan Zhen also wrote a poem about "Shang Yang people"-"Twelve White-haired people of Shang Yang, a new topic of Yuefu written by Li He". Here, "Shang Yang people" became synonymous with abandoned wives in the deep palace:
In Tianbao year, flowers and birds are used as ambassadors, and flowers and birds are full of spring thoughts.
Imperial edicts full of ink, I went upstairs and got half drunk.
Drunk straight into the Qing family, boudoir can not steal to avoid. ?
Lovers care for concubines, and daughters weep for blood.
One in ten people should change clothes and be maids forever.
The imperial horse ran south and called for a horse to kick, and the maid-in-waiting 3 thousand was abandoned in the palace.
(omitted below)
-"Twelve Poems of Shang Yang with White Hair and Yuefu Poetry".
Tianbao's women are born at the wrong time. When they met this "flower and bird messenger", they were trapped in the palace for most of their lives. Even if he was born in an official family, he could only bid farewell to his parents and even break up with his "lover". The emperor asks for a woman, but the imperial concubine doesn't like it. The son of heaven probably hasn't seen the Anshi Rebellion very much. "Yumanan raced, and the maid-in-waiting abandoned the palace." This operation can be described as a big hand, which makes this sentence very ironic; Later, he said: "The king has been in power for forty years. Seven houses and six palaces entered the portal, and the Sui Dynasty branched to attack the feudal city. Su Zong had no official position." Frankly speaking, about the Li family, Su Zong's life is quite tortuous, which is another story.
Poets in the late Tang Dynasty were not so polite. Du Mu's poem "The world of mortals laughs when riding a princess, no one knows it is litchi", and Li Shangyin's poem "If you can pour your country, how can jade pass the horse?" Directly criticize the dissolute countryside of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and Li Shangyin's second Ma Su wrote:
In vain, I heard the legend that overseas Kyushu, the afterlife is unpredictable, and this life will not stop. ?
When they heard the guards guarding them, they fought swords at night, and there were no more chickens in the palace. ?
The Sixth Army has agreed that they will all be stationed in Malaysia. On the old Qixi Festival, we also laughed at the Weaver Girl. ?
How did I spend the fourth period? I was an emperor, but not a son-in-law. I was with Mochow at night.
-"Ma Wei" Part II
"Today, the six armies are stationed in Malaysia, and they laugh at cows on Tanabata" is an irony. There are still a lot of human reasons why the Tang Dynasty came to this step in the hands of Xuanzong. It cannot be said that there is another Yang without this Yang, and there is another Anshi without this Anshi. History is always the result of human behavior, but we have to admit that history is always repeating itself.
Poets Wei Zhuang and Luo Yin met Huang Chao in the late Tang Dynasty. Facing the situation that the emperor (this time Tang Xizong) fled Sichuan again, they wrote the following two poems respectively.
The son of heaven returns to the dust, and the willows are still ruthless in spring. ?
Today is none of my concubine's business. I know I failed Ma Wei. ?
-Wei Zhuang's Daily Events in beginning of spring
Ma Wei smoke willow is, and see Luan Yu lucky to return to Shu.
One should have something to say under the spring. This time, don't be more unfair to Yang Fei. "One person" is the nickname of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. )
-Luo Yin's "Emperor's Running Script"
It can be seen that everyone has been extremely disappointed with the official, but instead began to pity Yang Guifei, thinking that the fault can not be pushed on her, and the emperor above her has the greatest responsibility. "People always have something to say under the spring, and it is even more unfair to Yang Fei this time", which is quite gratifying and deeply criticized.
It can be seen that the poets in the Tang Dynasty had a clear understanding of the Anshi Rebellion. Harem, eunuchs, especially local buffer regions, are likely to cause chaos and directly reverse the national situation. The events and thoughts recorded by the poet in his poems are very valuable.
Finally, I would like to mention a poem by Yuan Mei in the Qing Dynasty:
Don't sing the song of everlasting regret, the world also has its own galaxy. ?
In Shihao Village, the husband and wife say goodbye and shed more tears than in the Palace of Eternal Life.
-"Ma Wei"
Bai Juyi himself doesn't value his Song of Eternal Sorrow, which describes the love story. The new Yuefu movement he led also advocates "taking songs as things and poems as the body". In the description of An Shi Rebellion in Tang poetry, there are some curiosity seekers, but more are satire on the dark society and pity for people's livelihood. Time has passed, and we can still look for the vicissitudes of life and the ups and downs of various characters from poems. The story behind every poem makes people cry.