1. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li helped Gou Jian, the King of Yue, realize his hegemony, resolutely gave up his family property, went into business, and finally became a successful entrepreneur. Wen Zi, his close comrade-in-arms, refused to give up, which eventually led to his death.

2. Don't indulge in pillows

Sima Guang, an ancient China writer, used a log as a pillow to wake himself up and continue writing, and named it "Police Pillow". Mayakovski, a famous Russian poet, often used a large piece of firewood as a pillow to prevent himself from sleeping too long. Inventor Edison often stays up late to work. He was really sleepy, so he put the books on the table as pillows.

Dig the wall and steal the light, read by moonlight.

Kuang Heng, a scholar in the Western Han Dynasty, was poor and studious. There was no light at night, so he dug a hole in the wall to read by his neighbor's candlelight. Jiang Bi was born in a poor family in Nanqi. She makes shoes during the day and finds time to study at night. When he can't light the lamp, he takes the book to the roof and reads by moonlight.

Don't despise reciting.

Reciting is an important learning method. China has always had the theory of "a man of insight, a man of insight". Liang Qichao explained the 7000-word "Public Security Policy" to the students, and recited it without reading. In order to recite an article, Mr. Lu Xun not only read aloud, but also copied it by hand to deepen his impression.

Life is only three days.

When students on the island of Hawaii in the United States attend classes, they always recite a prayer first: a person's life is only three days: yesterday, today and tomorrow. Yesterday has passed and will never come back. I was with you today, but it passed quickly. Tomorrow will come and die. Come on, life is only three days.

5. Song of Tomorrow and Song of Today

In the Ming Dynasty, Qian Fu wrote a Song of Tomorrow, which read: Tomorrow follows tomorrow, and there are several tomorrows! Waiting for tomorrow, everything will be wasted. The world is tired of tomorrow, and tomorrow will be infinitely experienced. In the morning, the water flows east, and now it grows in the west. What will tomorrow be like in a hundred years? Please listen to my song tomorrow.

In the Ming Dynasty, Wen Jia wrote another Song of Today, which read: Today is today, and today is so rare! If you don't do it today, when will it happen? Today is a hundred years, and today is not a pity. If we wait until the Ming dynasty, there will be something in the Ming dynasty. Say "Today's Poetry" for you, and try to start today.

Achievement is bought with time.

Sima Qian spent 18 years writing Historical Records. Zuo Si spent 10 years writing Sandu Fu: Li Shizhen spent 30 years writing Compendium of Materia Medica; Copernicus spent 30 years writing about the motion of celestial bodies. Darwin spent 22 years writing the Origin of Species, Milton spent 265,438+0 years writing Paradise Lost, and the great Marx spent 40 years writing Capital.

6. Dripping water wears away the stone

A drop of water on the stone seems insignificant, but it can work miracles many years later. There are many stalactites in the caves in Guilin, which are as long as stone pillars and very spectacular. They are formed by the accumulation of water dripping from rocks for tens of thousands of years.

7. Walking "Blackboard"

One night, physicist Ampere was walking in the street. Suddenly, a topic came to his mind, so he went to a "blackboard" in front of him, took out a chalk tip from his pocket and calculated it on the "blackboard". However, the "blackboard" suddenly moved, and before ampere finished his calculus problem, he unconsciously followed the "blackboard" to calculate it. The "blackboard" walked faster and faster, and Ampere felt that he could not catch up. At this time, he saw people in the street laughing at him. He found that the moving "blackboard" turned out to be the tail of a black carriage.

8. Newton forgot to eat

Newton, a great British physicist, once invited a friend to dinner at home. The food was ready, but before his friend arrived, he went into the laboratory and concentrated on the experiment. When my friend came, I couldn't find Newton. Because he was in a hurry to go to work, he finished his meal alone, put the leftover chicken bones in the box and left. In the evening, Newton finished his experiment and prepared to eat. But when he saw the chicken bones in the box, he showed an epiphany and said with a smile, "I thought I hadn't eaten yet, but I have already eaten."

9. The article is ever changing.

There are many people who are good at modifying their own articles at all times and in all countries. Cao Xueqin wrote "A Dream of Red Mansions" with ten years' review and five additions and deletions. Tolstoy wrote War and Peace, which was revised seven times. Marx would rather burn his manuscript than leave his unprocessed works. Flaubert was a French critical realist writer in the19th century. One day, Mo Bosang went to Flaubert for consultation with a new book. He was puzzled to see that the manuscript on Flaubert's desk had only one line on each page, and the other nine lines were blank. Flaubert smiled and said, "This is my habit. I only wrote one line on ten lines of manuscript paper, and the other nine lines were reserved for revision. "

10. It's snowing at Chengmen.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Shi Yang admired Cheng Yi's knowledge and went to Luoyang to learn from Cheng Yi. When I went to Cheng Yi's home for consultation, Cheng Yi was sitting still and sleeping. Shi Yang is eager to study, but he dare not disturb the teacher, so he stands outside and waits. It snowed heavily and it was freezing. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow had fallen a foot deep. Later, people used the phrase "Cheng Men Sydney" to mean that students respectfully learn from their teachers.

1 1. Handan toddler

There was a man in the state of Yan who heard that people in Zhao had good walking posture and came to Handan, the capital of Zhao, to learn to walk. As a result, he didn't learn the walking posture of Zhao people, and even forgot the original walking method, so he had to climb back. This story is a metaphor for blind imitation, and as a result, I lost my inherent skills and characteristics.

12. Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy hard.

Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, practiced calligraphy hard. According to legend, he studied hard in Lanting, Shaoxing for twenty years. Because he often washes the brush and inkstone in the pool, he even dyed the water in the pool black. Once, his son Wang Xianzhi asked him the secret of writing. He pointed to the eighteen water tanks at home and said, "You will know the secret of writing after you finish writing the water in these eighteen water tanks." Wang Xianzhi really finished writing Eighteen Tanks of Water and became a great calligrapher.

13. Liang Qichao's reading method

First, reading should be divided into special reading and exposition. On the one hand, we should develop the habit of reading carefully, on the other hand, we should develop the habit of reading quickly. If you don't know the details, you will get nothing, which is equivalent to reading in vain. If you don't have quick eyes, you won't have enough time to get information. Secondly, some books should be read carefully, such as valuable literary works and useful aphorisms. Third, take reading notes. Because a good memory is not as good as a bad writing.

14. Pay attention to the discussion

Scholars in ancient China attached great importance to discussing knowledge with their close friends. Tao Yuanming's poem "Migration" contains the words "Appreciate strange writing, dispel doubts and doubts", and Zhang Ji's poem "Sacrifice to Retreat" also talks about the scene when he and Han Yu were together, "Poor things in ancient and modern times, overall consideration". Sun Sheng and Yin Jie in Jin Dynasty once forgot to eat and sleep in order to discuss a problem, so that "there are four people who eat cold and warm".

15. Newton's thoughts on apple landing

One day, when Newton was walking, a ripe apple fell from the tree and hit him right on the head. This very common thing caused Newton to think deeply. He thought: Why do apples have to fall to the ground? Why not fly to the sky and other places? He speculated that there is gravity in the earth's core, and this gravity exists for any substance. Through research, he put forward a formula to calculate the magnitude of gravity and discovered the "law of universal gravitation".

16. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, tried his best.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu and Yue were enemies for generations. When the Yue army was defeated, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace with the State of Wu and agreed to the harsh demands of the State of Wu: the King of Yue went to the State of Wu to wait on the State of Wu I and crossed it off.

Jane came to the State of Wu, waited on the King of Wu carefully, and was put back to China three years later. For this deep hatred of snow, he worked hard, exercised his fighting spirit, slept with firewood, tasted courage before meals and before going to bed, and made a series of plans to save the country. Within ten years, the State of Yue finally became strong and destroyed the State of Wu in one fell swoop.

17. Yang Zhen's "four knowledge" shamed Wang Mi.

According to Ye Fan's Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Yang Zhen moved from Jingzhou to Donglai Prefecture and passed Changyi when he took office. Changyi county magistrate was recommended by Yang Zhen as Wang Mi of Jingzhou maocai. In order to repay the kindness of the recommender, Wang Mi visited Yang Zhen at the posthouse in the evening and presented ten gold medals. Yang Zhen repeatedly waved his hand and refused. Wang Mi thought that he was afraid of being seen and damaged his reputation, so he said, "Ignorance at dusk." Yang Zhen said angrily, "Heaven knows the earth, you know me, what is ignorance?" Throwing gold to Wang Mi, Wang Mi retreated in shame.

18 1 billion and10 billion.

Once I read a newspaper, I was deeply impressed by two figures: First, there are1000000 children out of school in China every year; First, China spends 654.38+000 billion on public funds for eating, drinking and traveling. If it is shared equally among/kloc-0.0 million children, each child will get an astronomical figure. But they really can't afford tuition and fees of several hundred dollars a year. There are so many "black sheep" with big mouths, and dozens of children's tuition fees are eaten up in one meal, which makes people "worry more".

19. The overall deterioration of the earth's environment

In 1996, the United Nations Environment Programme published a report entitled "Taking action: an environmental guide for you and your community". The report points out that the Antarctic ozone hole is increasing at the rate of one American land area every year, increasing the ultraviolet radiation on the ground and increasing the incidence of skin cancer: the air quality is seriously declining, and more than 654.38 billion people in the world live in cities with turbid air; the excessive release of greenhouse gases causes global warming, and the greenhouse gas emissions in the United States rank first in the world; 65,438+02% of mammals and 65,438+065,438+0% of birds are on the verge of extinction. Every 24 hours, 65,438+050 and 200 biological species disappear from the earth: 6,543,802 million people live in cities lacking water and 6,543,804 million people. Every year, the global topsoil loses 20 billion tons; The use of chemical pesticides exceeds 2.79 million tons: more than 40 species of fish in the world are on the verge of extinction due to overfishing; The global forests are disappearing at the rate of 4.6 million hectares every year.

1700 There are only 1700 Antarctic blue whales in the world at present. Before humans started large-scale hunting activities, its population was 23.97 j-only.

544 kilograms Adjust the water temperature of your electric water heater from 60 degrees Celsius to 48.8 degrees Celsius, and you can reduce the emission of 544 kilograms of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year.

According to a recent survey report, there are 435 species of amphibians in the world, and the number is declining sharply.

mild

[Famous sayings]

Modesty comes from lack of knowledge. (China)

Never think you know everything. No matter how highly people think of you, you must have the courage to say to yourself, "I don't know anything." (Pavlov)

Lack of humility is lack of knowledge. (Franklin)

Wisdom is a jewel. If you add the edge of modesty, it will be even more brilliant. (Gorky)

[Interpretation of epigrams]

A threesome requires a teacher.

Spoken Analects of Confucius. Several people walk together, and one of them must be my teacher. Warn people to learn from others' strengths with an open mind and make up for their own shortcomings.

Full loss, little gain.

The language is "Shangshu Dayu Mo". It means: complacency will bring losses, and humility will benefit. Remind us that in order to achieve something, we must be modest and prudent and never be complacent.

[factual argument]

Bai Juyi humbly asks for advice.

According to legend, Bai Juyi, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty in China, always read a poem to a shepherd boy or an old woman first, and then revised it repeatedly until they clapped their hands and said it was good. A famous poet like Bai Juyi will not despise the shepherd boy and the village woman because of their ignorance. Because he knew that real literary works must be recognized by the people, he humbly asked the people for advice to make his poems easy to understand and read by future generations.

Krylov was a great Russian fable writer in18th century. His fables are many and good. Once, one of his friends praised him and said, "You write really well. When the first edition is sold out, you can print another edition, more than anyone else. " Krylov replied, "No, my writing is not good, but my books are for children. Everyone knows that children are prone to bad books, so there are more versions. "

20.

[Famous sayings]

Nothing is more powerful than knowledge, and people armed with knowledge are invincible. (Gorky)

The whole meaning of life lies in exploring the unknown endlessly, and in constantly adding more knowledge. (zola)

People with rich knowledge and experience are more likely to produce new associations and unique opinions than those with only one kind of knowledge and experience. (Taylor)

[Interpretation of epigrams]

My life is limited, but so is my knowledge.

Language "Zhuangzi health Lord". Meaning: human life is limited, but knowledge has no end.

If you don't know much, you must judge what you know.

The language is Five Explanations of Confucius' Family Language. There is no need to have a lot of knowledge, but you must check whether your knowledge is correct.

[Facts] Su Dongpo's Mistake One day, Su Dongpo went to visit his teacher Wang Anshi's house, but Wang Anshi went to North Korea. Su Dongpo saw an unfinished poem "Chanting Chrysanthemum" written by Wang on the table: "Last night, the west wind crossed the garden, blowing yellow flowers everywhere." He read it very disapprovingly, so he continued: "Yellow flowers are not like spring flowers. Listen carefully to the poet." When the post-poet relegated Huangzhou, he was enjoying chrysanthemums with friends at night. When the autumn wind started, I saw chrysanthemum petals falling to the ground one after another, which seemed to be covered with gold. Su Dongpo began to know his ignorance.

A Dream of Red Mansions-Encyclopedia The classic Dream of Red Mansions is called an encyclopedia because it involves politics, economy, military affairs, medicine, psychology, music, poetry, history, geography, architecture, gardens, customs, cooking and so on. This shows that Cao Xueqin has a wide range of knowledge.

admire

Jealousy is to the jealous what rust is to iron. -Dean Jellis

Lonely flowers, don't be jealous of dense thorns. Tagore

People who are jealous of me praise me unconsciously. Gibran

[fable]

Goat and donkey: A person keeps goats and donkeys. The owner always gives the donkey enough feed, so the jealous goat said to the donkey, it's very hard for you to push the mill for a while and carry heavy objects for a while. It is better to pretend to be sick and fall to the ground, so you can have a rest. The donkey listened to the goat's advice and fell black and blue. The master invited a doctor to treat him. The doctor said that the goat's heart and lung soup should be given to the donkey as medicine to cure it. So the owner immediately killed the goat to treat the donkey. The story is that anyone who plans evil will reap the consequences and will not have a good end. -Aesop's fables

[{Bible} Story]

Cain and Abel were born to Adam and Eve. They are brothers. They all offered sacrifices to God. God took a fancy to Abel's sacrifice and did not accept Cain's gift. Cain blamed his brother. At first, he was too angry to sleep and eat. Later, he simply stopped talking to his brother Abel. Until one day, jealous Cain lured his brother Abel into the field and killed him. From then on, he himself was punished by God and had to run away from home and live a life of escape.

[scientific data]

Psychologists' observation and research prove that jealous people are prone to heart disease and have high mortality; Among people with less jealousy, the incidence and mortality of heart disease are only 1/3- 1/2 of the former. In addition, such as headache, stomachache, hypertension and other diseases. It is easy to happen to jealous people, and the therapeutic effect of drugs is also poor.

Cherish time

[Famous Poems and Sentences]

It's hard to wake up in the morning when the prime of life is no longer coming; Timely action, time waits for no one. (Tao Yuanming)

It's time for men to make up their minds. Teenagers only know how to play, but don't know how to study hard. When they are old, they regret why they didn't know how to study hard when they were young. (Yan Zhenqing)

How many things are never urgent; Heaven and earth turn, and time waits for no one. Ten thousand years is too long to seize the day. (Mao Zedong)

The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night;

Zi Han, the Analects of Confucius. Time is like running water, flowing day and night.

Sages are not expensive, heavy yin, rare and easy to lose.

The language is "Huainanzi said lin li, I". It means: saints cherish an inch of time, not a full scale of jade, because time is hard-won but easy to lose; ;

[factual argument]

One day is divided into "three days"

Obruchev, a famous Russian geologist, divides every working day into three days: the first day is from morning to two o'clock in the afternoon to do the most important work; "The next day" from two o'clock in the afternoon to six o'clock in the evening, do more relaxed work; The "third day" is from 6 pm to 12 pm, which is mainly used for reading or necessary activities. He said that this is equivalent to doubling life.

The conversation is only five minutes.

Deng Zhongxia, a revolutionary martyr, cherished his time studying in Peking University. At that time, people often came to Deng Zhongxia to talk nonsense. Finally, he wrote a "five-minute talk" note and posted it on the table as a reminder. As a result, he not only won valuable time by himself, but also educated people who like to chat.

Come on, senior high school entrance examination! I am a freshman.