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Historical population structure of Guanzhong
Guanzhong mainly refers to the center of the four passes of Xiaoguan, Tongguan, Wuguan and Sanguan, and Chang 'an is in Guanzhong area. After Liu Bang made Chang 'an his capital, the Guanzhong area ushered in rapid development and the population surged. However, due to large-scale construction, soil erosion is serious, and finally the economic center began to shift to the southeast coast, leading to the development of Guanzhong. Demographic dividend? Gradually disappear.

The feudal system established in the Qin Dynasty was based on China's farming economy, and Hanzhong, the capital of the Han Dynasty, also endowed this region with political significance, so a large number of national resources tilted there, leading to rapid economic development. And economic development will inevitably bring? Demographic dividend? . Therefore, the population of Han Dynasty mainly concentrated in Guanzhong area.

However, in the later period of Wang Mang's new dynasty, the country was in turmoil and people's lives began to become difficult. Many rebels and insurgents entered Guanzhong, which made people uneasy, so a large number of people began to leave Guanzhong at that time.

At the same time, because it is the capital city, many buildings have been built in the whole Guanzhong area, the population has increased, and there are more houses, so the damage to natural vegetation is very serious, resulting in serious soil erosion and decreasing grain output year by year.

Social unrest, regime change, the capital is always the most affected place, so the war almost collapsed Guanzhong's economy. Later, when Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty made Luoyang his capital, he moved the power center of the whole country out of Guanzhong.

The national economic center began to develop from west to east. Luoyang has replaced Chang 'an as a new place with tilted resources. Therefore, from the east, a large number of people migrated from west to east, which led to the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend in Guanzhong.

After the Han Dynasty, although Chang 'an was changed into the capital, North China and the southeast coastal areas were more suitable for the development of agricultural civilization, so more and more people began to settle in these places. In the later period, after the rapid economic development in the southeast coastal areas, the whole economic center developed to the Yangtze River basin, and Guanzhong had no strength competition.