However, as I read more and more history books, I realized that Dali Temple is not what Bian Xiao thought. Instead, it belongs to a criminal organization with great power.
We know that with the abolition of Zhu Yuanzhang? Prime minister system? After that, the six ministers were directly responsible to the emperor. And the power of the six ministers began to expand further. At that time, there was even such a jingle: In charge of the Ministry, watching the fun in the courtyard, doing things in the temple, and being in charge of handyman? .
This sentence illustrates the power of punishments, but at that time, the power of Dali Temple was almost equal to that of punishments, so it can be predicted how powerful Dali Temple can only be.
So this is mysterious? Dali Temple? What is this? Why are you screaming? Dali Temple? Sounds like the name of a temple.
History of Dali Temple
In fact, the role of Dali Temple in ancient times, just like the Supreme Court today, is the judicial organ responsible for hearing and summarizing cases over the years, and it is one of the highest judicial institutions in ancient China, but the significance of Dali Temple is not the meaning of a temple.
The ancients said: palm punishment is a scholar and a reason. ? Temple? , ting also Those who have statutes are also. The place where the imperial court is located is called the temple. After that, Emperor Han Jingdi added a big word on this basis, which together means Dali Temple, which means that the prison of heavenly officials and nobles means Dali, so those who can enter Dali Temple prison are either rich or expensive, and ordinary criminal cases are handed over to the punishments.
Of course, there was no such name in Qin and Han Dynasties. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Dali Temple had another name. Ting Wei? At that time, it was the highest judicial institution in the country. Ting Wei had one supervisor, left supervisor and right supervisor, who was responsible for assisting Ting Wei in handling criminal cases throughout the country. At that time, Ting Wei ranked two thousand stones, belonging to? Sangong? One of them was definitely a great person at that time.
During the Northern Dynasties, the Northern Qi Dynasty changed the original post of Tingwei to? Dali Temple? Since then, Dali Temple, together with the Ministry of Punishment and Yushitai, has become one of the three judicial centers in China, and the highest official of Dali Temple is Dali Temple Qing, which belongs to the third grade, assisted by Dali and Dali Temple Cheng.
The original intention of Dali Temple is to prevent the judicial power from being completely controlled by the Ministry of Justice. At that time, the local officials had great power. When a red pen was signed, it was equivalent to signing the prisoner's life and death. Therefore, in ancient times, in order to prevent unjust, false and wrong cases from happening, Dali Temple was set up outside the Ministry of Punishment to summarize the criminal cases in previous years. Once you find any unjust, false and wrong cases, you can immediately report them to the emperor and then exercise them? Joint trial of three divisions? .
Relationship between Dali Temple, Ministry of Punishment and Yushitai
Now, in fact, many of our judicial systems have ancient shadows. For example, supervision and trial are separated now, and so are ancient times. Dali Temple, Ministry of Punishment and Yushitai (renamed Duchayuan after the Ming Dynasty) were the three highest judicial institutions in China at that time, which can also be called the three judicial departments. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, they were called? Six doors? .
In ancient times, too, the three departments carried out their duties, the Ministry of Punishment was responsible for hearing cases, Dali Temple was responsible for reviewing cases, and Duchayuan was responsible for supervising these two departments. The purpose of this is to contain each other, so that the excessive power of a department will not lead to unjust, false and wrong cases.
Of course, in name, Dali Temple officials are still short of punishments, because Dali Temple officials are third-grade officials, and ministers of punishments were second-grade officials in ancient times. However, he can't hold the power of Dali Temple. Although his rank is not high, he still has the right to participate in politics. Once Dali Temple has doubts about the case, it can immediately raise it, and the punishments will report it to the emperor at this time, and the emperor will raise it again. Joint trial of three divisions? .
The original intention of doing this was to prevent a large number of unjust, false and misjudged cases, that is to say, Dali Temple was the last line of defense of justice at that time. As long as Dali Temple disagrees with the verdict, it will prove that you still have a chance.
With the officials of Dali Temple falling into the hands of mediocrity in the late Ming Dynasty, Dali Temple lost its original authority, which led to a large number of unjust, false and misjudged cases in the late Ming Dynasty, resulting in the situation that the original three pillars were gradually divided up by the Ministry of Punishment and the Ducha Court, while Dali Temple could only do some simple work in the late Ming Dynasty.