Although Xia Jie is clever and brave, he is cruel by nature and indulges in debauchery.

Conquer the tribe by force, and be overjoyed and headstrong, do their best to search for the people's wealth and paste, and aggravate social contradictions and class contradictions.

In the end, Shang Tang succeeded in cutting down the summer, and the summer died.

2. Shang Dynasty

Don't be a politician, attack the Loess Plateau and Dongyi area.

These intensified the betrayal of the princes and weakened the strength of the merchants.

The Zhou tribes in Qishan area rested in silence and made a fortune. Finally, the Shang and Zhou Dynasties had no choice but to set themselves on fire, and the Shang Dynasty perished.

3. Zhou dynasty

(1) Western Zhou Dynasty.

In Zhou Xuanwang, the Central Committee of Land Reform strengthened its control over land, which touched vested interests and was countered by big noble.

Then the battle of 1,000 mu was defeated and Wang Xuan's Southern Division was destroyed.

After he arrived in Zhou Youwang, he violated the eldest son inheritance system, abolished the prince and set up a new monarch, which caused dissatisfaction among the governors.

Plus praise, a bonfire party was staged, and the ministers were furious.

Then, the abandoned prince took refuge in his grandfather, Shen Hou, and the dog Rong invaded Haojing, but the princes did not save him, and the Western Zhou Dynasty perished.

(2) Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

After the Eastern Zhou Dynasty moved eastward, a lot of land was divided into vassals, and the power to control the vassals completely disappeared. The emperor of the Zhou Dynasty became a puppet, resulting in the situation of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

4. Qin dynasty

At the end of Qin Dynasty, Prince Hu Hai colluded with eunuchs and prime ministers to seize the throne, forcing Prince Su to commit suicide.

After he ascended the throne, Zhao Gao was taken seriously, and the internal contradictions in the imperial court intensified.

Worries from outside.

Opening up the territory (Lingnan area) makes Guanzhong short of manpower; The northern Xiongnu invaded the south, and most of the elite went north to block it; Uprising broke out in the local area (Guangwu, Chen Sheng).

In the Battle of Julu, the remnants were defeated by Xiang Yu, Liu Bang took the opportunity to enter the customs, and the State of Qin perished.

5. Han dynasty

Western Han Dynasty.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty aspired to the territory, fought overseas for years, and his national strength was exhausted.

After Huo Guang's death, Wang Mang, the consort, gradually came to power. In six years, Emperor Ping was killed, Shunza was abolished and he became emperor, and the Western Han Dynasty perished.

Mainly a coup in which consorts seized power.

Eastern Han Dynasty

Liu Xiu rose up, defeated Wang Mang, proclaimed himself emperor, and the title was still Han.

At the end of the year, the harem was in charge.

Dou Taihou listened to politics, and the Dou Shi family plundered the national treasury.

Later, Empress Dowager Deng eradicated Dou Taihou, reused eunuchs and consorts, and isolated the imperial power, making it a puppet.

In 220, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and the Han Dynasty perished.

6. Three Kingdoms Period

Sima Yi seized power and took over Cao Wei. Later, the Sima family laid the foundation for Wei's gift money, Sima Yan usurped the throne and Guo Wei perished.

Adou of Shu valued eunuch Huang Hao very much. He was not diligent and was not good at training.

The alliance between Shu and Wu began to break down because Sun Wu of Jingzhou killed Guan Yu.

Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei fought in the Central Plains all the year round (six out of Qishan and nine out of the Central Plains), exhausted the state treasury and reduced their military strength.

Wargo and Zhong will attack Shu.

Wargo bypassed the former Shu army and raided Yizhou (Chengdu). At this time, there was no army to fight at home, Adou fell and Shu died.

The political situation of Wu was turbulent, and Sun Hao, the king of Yue, was dissolute and cruel, and his army was distracted. At this time, Sima Yan is across the river, caring for the people, neglecting service, and camping by the river to train the navy.

In 279, Jianye (Nanjing) was broken and Wu was destroyed.

7. Jin Dynasty

Sima Yi seized power and took over Cao Wei. Later, the Sima family laid the foundation for Wei's gift money, Sima Yan usurped the throne and Guo Wei perished.

During the Western Jin Dynasty, there were five disturbances (the combination of class contradictions and ethnic contradictions, and the five lakes mainly refer to Xiongnu, Xianbei, Qiang, Qidan and Biandi).

A lot of land is barren, people die, and natural disasters and droughts make national strength extremely weak.

After that, the Xiongnu leaders invaded the south on a large scale, invaded Luoyang and perished in the Western Jin Dynasty.

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was mainly warlords who seized power.

After a series of wars, Emperor Wu of Song constantly expanded his military strength and territorial area, and completely controlled the political affairs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Finally, Sima Wende was forced to abdicate and the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished.

8. Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 -58 1 year)

This is a chaotic period, very complicated. There are too many countries involved (Song, Liang, Qi, Chen, Northern Wei, Northern Zhou and Northern Qi).

Southern Dynasties: Song, Qi, Liang and Chen.

Northern Dynasties: Wei, Qi and Zhou.

Emperor Wendi of Sui assisted the government and forced Jing Di to meditate.

9. Sui Dynasty (58 1 year -6 18)

Carry out large-scale construction in the early stage, build cities and dig canals; Later, Luoyang City was built, and Emperor Yang Di squandered the state treasury. Militarily, after the three levies of Goguryeo, the national strength of the Sui Dynasty decreased sharply, and the class contradictions intensified.

The regime split, and Shi Biao, Wang, Dou Jiande and others rose up.

Finally, Tang Gaozu attacked Chang 'an.

He became emperor in 6 18 and died in sui dynasty.

10, Tang dynasty (6 18 -907)

An Shi Rebellion: The system of officers and men was destroyed, and soldiers had no land to farm and fled everywhere.

The system of officers and men changed to the system of recruiting soldiers, losing control of the army and handing over power to our time.

An Lushan was at odds with Prime Minister Yang, and joined forces with the Khitan and Turkic nationalities to attack Chang 'an and seize Luoyang. Xuanzong fled and lost his military strength.

Local separatist regime.

The central government is weak, local governments are fragmented, and the country is in a scuffle.

In order to separate the princes, the central power was exhausted.

Dou Wu's poor soldiers intensified class contradictions and intensified Huang Chao.

Zhu Wen rose to control the regime when he suppressed the uprising.

In 907, the country was usurped and the Tang Dynasty perished.

1 1, Five Dynasties and Ten Countries (907 -960)

In 923, Shanxi Wang Li in the north of Taiyuan was destroyed and the later Tang Dynasty was established, which led to the local uprising.

After 936, the Tang Dynasty was destroyed by the Khitan (in collusion with Shi Jingtang), and after the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, foreign invasion took place.

After 947, Jin was destroyed by the Khitan, Liao was established, and foreigners invaded.

After the establishment of Liu Zhiyuan in 947.

In 19951year, Guo Wei usurped power, and after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, he seized power through a coup.

In 960, Zhao Kuangyin Chen Qiao mutiny, yellow robe, the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty,

12, Song Dynasty (960-1279)

(1) Northern Song Dynasty.

Shi Jingtang ceded sixteen states to the Khitan, and the Song Dynasty lost its barrier, and the Jin people marched.

1 125 Jin wanyan's family invaded south, Song Jun failed, and they ceded territory to negotiate peace.

The military strength of the Song Dynasty was greatly reduced, and the main battle minister was squeezed.

1 126, Qin Hui Sect was exiled.

1 127, destroyed in the northern song dynasty.

(2) Southern Song Dynasty.

Temujin of Mongolia completed the unification of the north and accumulated strong military strength.

Yue Fei, a military general in the Song Dynasty, was killed, and Yue Jiajun's fighting capacity collapsed.

Since the reign of Ning, the prime minister has lacked the ability to govern the world, and some of them are even more treacherous.

1279, Yashan was defeated, Lu Xiufu threw himself into the sea with eight-year-old Zhao Min on his back, and the Southern Song Dynasty perished.

13, Yuan Dynasty (1206-1368)

Ethnic contradictions.

Crazy expansion and looting and slaughter; Multi-ethnic inequality (Mongolian is the highest, decreasing gradually from north to south, and Han nationality in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins is the lowest. ) has aroused the dissatisfaction of other ethnic groups, and the contradiction is sharp.

When he was in power, he lost the support of the Han nationality because of his lack of understanding of the Central Plains (feudal society) and weak political foundation.

Local separatist regime.

Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang. Rise up in succession, the world is in chaos.

Later, due to the southward migration of Mongolia, the northern grassland tribes took the opportunity to develop and break away from Mongolia.

1368, Zhu Yuanzhang's northern expedition, Chang Yuchun Xu Da and others were able to fight well, most of them were captured in Peiping, Yuan Shundi fled to the north, and Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself in Nanjing.

14, Ming dynasty (1368-1644)

Economically, because of social progress, capitalism and other budding, economic development is obvious, and more monetary policies are needed to prevent inflation or deflation. At that time, there was no such ability, so agriculture, commerce and handicrafts fluctuated greatly, which hindered the progress of productivity; Successive years of eastward expeditions (sending troops to Korea to resist Japan, and the naval battle in Liang Ming at this time) consumed a lot of military power;

Politically, Zhang's political reform failed and class contradictions were serious; Three mysterious cases caused political instability, official turnover and brain drain.

During the period of Wei Zhongxian, politics was extremely dark and corrupt, Lindong Party was strangled, inner-party struggles intensified, state affairs were turbulent, and the national treasury became increasingly empty.

Militarily, Yuan Chonghuan returned to Beijing and was killed, losing Ning Guan's defense line; Coupled with the drought in the central plains, there is no food.

1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing and hanged himself in Jingshan Park, Chongzhen.

15, Qing dynasty (1644-1911year)

Closed-door, ideological imprisonment, slow progress in science and technology; In society, the backward capitalist system of power, relations of production and productivity cannot be liberated.

The foreign enemy was too powerful (Eight-Nation Alliance), and the constant invasion of foreign empires consumed the military strength of the Qing Dynasty, leaving the national treasury empty and losing national integrity in the unequal treaties, which disappointed the people and failed to gain the support of the mass base.

The peasant movement and the boxer movement in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; Class contradictions broke out in the landlord class westernization movement.

The impact of western and traditional ideas, the enthusiasm of capitalism to save the country is unprecedented, which is a class contradiction.

19 1 1 year, when the Revolution of 1911 broke out, Sun Yat-sen founded the Republic of China. 19 12 year, Puyi abdicated and the whole army was wiped out.