Wang Changling (698-756), a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty (698- 766), was born in the first year of Li Tiansheng (698) and died in the fifteenth year of Xuanzong Tianbao (756). There are two theories about Wang Changling's native place: Taiyuan and Jingzhao. The Old Book of the Tang Dynasty originally said that Wang Changling was from Jingzhao (Chang 'an, Tang Dou, now Xi 'an, Shaanxi), probably because he said in the poem Farewell to the Capital of Lipu that his hometown is now Baling West, and there is also a work Overlooking Leisure. Many Shanxi poets in the Tang Dynasty have been to Luoyang and Chang 'an because they were the cultural centers at that time, and some even lived in Beijing for many years. Just because they have lived in Beijing, they cannot be called Beijingers. The Collection of He Yueling's Photos is a collection of poems compiled by Fan Yin in the Tang Dynasty, which contains that Wang Changling was from Taiyuan, and The Biography of the Tang Dynasty also holds that Wang Changling was from Taiyuan.
His family was relatively poor. He was a scholar in the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan and was awarded the post of secretary of the provincial school. In the twenty-second year of Kaiyuan (734), Wang Changling chose erudite macro-words, which was superior to others, so he was appointed as the county commandant of surabaya county, and later moved to Jiangning.
In the autumn of the 25th year of Kaiyuan, he was found guilty and exiled to Lingnan.
In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling returned to the north and traveled to Xiangyang to meet the famous poet Meng Haoran. Meng Haoran suffered from gangrene and recovered quickly. They were very happy after meeting. Meng Haoran died because he drank too much and had a relapse. During this period, Wang Changling met Li Bai, a great poet, with the poem "Ba Ling Send Li Twelve". It is a great pleasure for Wang Changling to meet such first-class poets as Meng Haoran and Li Bai. Unfortunately, meeting Meng Haoran became a permanent tactic, and meeting Li Bai was all downhill. Li Baizheng was exiled to Yelang at that time.
In the winter of the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling left Beijing for Jiangning. At this time, he met the famous poet Cen Can. Cen Can has a poem "Send Wang Changling to Jiangning", and Wang Changling also has a poem to leave. When I passed by Luoyang, I also made friends with poets such as Qian and others, and they also had poems.
As an outstanding poet, Wang Changling has few handed down materials. In addition to being demoted to Lingnan mentioned above, I was demoted, and the exact time and reason are not clear. Some people think that I spent six years in Tianbao. "Biography of Zhan Caizi" said that he "paid no attention to the details in the later part of his journey, slandered and boiled, and fled to the wild." He Yueling's photo album said that he was "running wild again", and the original biography of Old Tang Book also said that he was "careless and often derogated" and was demoted as a dragon watch captain.
What is more tragic is that Wang Changling later failed to keep a small position like Long Biaowei, left his post without permission and went to Bozhou, where he was killed by Lu Qiuxiao's secretariat. "Biography of the Talented in the Tang Dynasty" said: Wang Changling "returned to his hometown with a sword and fire, and was killed because of the taboo of Lu Qiuxiao, the secretariat. Later, Zhang Gao marched to Henan and was going to be slaughtered at dawn, saying that he would kiss the old and beg for forgiveness. He said,' Who can support Wang Changling's personal desire?' The dawn faded away. "Zhang Gao, who has always sympathized with the poet, finally avenged Wang Changling.
Wang Changling was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. At that time, he was very famous and was called "the poet king Jiangning". Because the name of the poem was written earlier, I made many friends with the famous poets at that time, and the friendship was very deep. In addition to the above-mentioned friends with Li Bai and Meng Haoran, I also made friends with Gao Shi, Yun,,, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei, Chu Guangxi and Chang Jian. He was demoted several times, living in remote Lingnan and Xiangxi, traveling to and from the economically developed Central Plains and Southeast China, to the northwest frontier, and even to the area of Broken Leaves (now Kyrgyzstan). Because of his rich life experience and extensive friends, it is of great benefit to his poetry creation. Wang Changling is good at seven-character quatrains, and he is called the seven-line master by later generations. For example, the poem "Out of the Great Wall" wrote: "The moon passed through Qin, and the Long March people did not return. But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross Yinshan. " Lamenting the incompetence, broad artistic conception, deep feelings and boldness of vision of the garrison commander is indeed a treasure in ancient poetry and is hailed as a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Another example is Joining the Army, which is also a well-known masterpiece. Funeral march and Song of Picking Lotus reflect the unfortunate experiences of ladies-in-waiting, which are delicate and vivid, fresh and beautiful, with a sad style and superior artistic conception, and express the feelings of missing women and the innocence of girls. Farewell work "Lotus Inn and Xin Jian Parting" is also a masterpiece through the ages. Shen Deqian's "Three Hundred Tang Poems" said: "The Dragon Label is a quatrain, full of affection and bitterness, with vague meaning, unpredictable and endless aftertaste."
Yan Qiuxiao killed Wang Changling because he was jealous of talented people, which really destroyed China's ancient poetry and was a sinner of the Chinese nation forever.
Scholar evaluation:
Wang Changling was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. Yin Kun's "He Yueling Photo Album" regards him as a representative of "character" and praises his poems as "excellent works of rejuvenation", and the number of poems selected is also the highest in the complete works. All these can be seen from his position in poetry.
The evaluation of Changling's poems in Complete Tang Poetry is "dense and clear-minded", and his seven-line poems are particularly outstanding, even comparable to Li Bai, so they are crowned as "the seven-line holy hand". In particular, his frontier poems are fluent and uplifting, and are highly praised by later generations.
The source of frontier poems can be traced back to the pre-Qin period. There are quite a lot of frontier poems in The Book of Songs (such as Xiaoya Driving and June). ). The frontier poems in the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, with nearly 2,000 poems, reaching the sum of frontier poems in previous dynasties. The frontier poetry school with Gao Shi and Cen as the main body and Wang Changling as the representative is an important school of romanticism. Their frontier fortress works show the heroic pride of galloping on the battlefield and making achievements, express the patriotic thought of generously joining the army and resisting enemy aggression, and also describe the strange and magnificent scenery in the northwest. At the same time, it also reflects the bitterness of finding a husband and thinking of a woman and the hardships of soldiers, as well as the contradictions between nations and between generals and foot soldiers. Frontier poems reflect the reality of all aspects of war in this era and produce many excellent poems.
Wang Changling's frontier poems fully embody his patriotism and heroism, and also profoundly contain the poet's humanistic concern for the lower class, which embodies the poet's broad vision and broad mind. Wang Changling is good at using scenes to express his feelings, and integrates scenes in his writing style. This is the most commonly used structure in frontier poems, but the poet has broadened his horizons outside this situation with the simplest skills, and condensed his eternal thinking throughout time and space in the most plain theme; The most representative is Out of the Great Wall (bright moon in Qin dynasty, custom in Han dynasty).
Selected poems of Wang Changling:
join the army
Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain,
Seeing yumenguan from the lonely city.
Huang Sha wears golden armor in many battles.
If you don't break Loulan, you won't return it.
Settlement (1)
The withered mulberry trees sing cicadas, and the intersection of Xiaoguan in August is crisp in autumn.
After leaving the frontier, the climate turned cold and it was full of yellow reeds.
And heroes come to you and ice, and we are all old.
Learn to boast about brave rangers and horses.
Saige (Part Two)
Drink, my horse, when we cross the autumn water! Water is like a knife.
The sunset on the vast battlefield has not yet fallen, and I saw Lintao County in the distance in the dark.
The Great Wall once fought a fierce battle, saying that the frontier soldiers were in high spirits.
Since ancient times, there have been sandstorms, bones everywhere and weeds everywhere.
Farewell Xin Jian at the Lotus Pavilion
Misty rain enveloped Wu's day overnight; Send you in the morning, lonely and sad in Chushan!
Friends, if my friends in Luoyang invite me; Just say I'm still Bing Xin Okho, and stick to my faith!
(of a young woman) complaining in the boudoir.
Young women in boudoir never worry, but in spring they put on makeup and went to a brothel.
Suddenly I saw the willow color on the stranger's head and regretted teaching my husband to find the seal!
Song of spring palace
Last night, the spring breeze blew the peach blossoms in the well, and the moon in front of Weiyang Palace hung high in the sky.
Pingyang's geisha was attracted by the emperor, who gave her a brocade robe in the cold weather outside the curtain.
Five Poems of Chang Xin Qiu Ci (3)
At dawn, I picked up a broom to sweep the dust of the Golden Temple, and I wandered around with a round fan in my hand.
A beautiful face is not as beautiful as a crow, and it can also bring the shadow of Zhaoyang Hall.
Two songs (the first part)
It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war.
If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
Answer to Wuling satrap
A sword travels thousands of miles, but a small body dares to say a word.
I used to be a big beam guest and lived up to expectations.
Send Guo sicang
Ying men Huai shui green willows ride the master's heart
The bright moon goes deep with the spring tide every night.
Qiuxing
At dusk, in the northwest hall, the cool wind washes and repairs the wood.
The south window writes books, and the door hall is often Susu.
Carex extended the ancient meaning, and audio-visual turned to solitude.
Or ask other people in the camp, and the millet will get cold.
Sent to Guilin as the fifth place.
Drunk alone, the water will lead him away.
Mountains are two townships, and the moon is thousands of miles.
Arrest the dragon and smell the tiger and leopard.
Cool color, Guilin, knows the influence of hardship.
Wang Changling's Poems
Volume 1 (36 questions, 4 1 song):
It's hard to change
Four songs under the plug
Saishangqu
Two songs about joining the army
Two songs about juvenile behavior
Long song line/long song line
sad journey
Guyi
Fanggehang
Yue Nv
Yuaner was presented to Sutaotai House in Zheng County.
Listen to the bullets and disperse, and give Yang to fill the gap.
Gou Wei bought wine and left it to Nanxi.
Give Zhang Jie a messenger to Yan.
Go to Zhao Shi.
Akiyama sent a letter to Chen Guangyan.
Send an eleven-member team from Chenshan Mountain Pass to Dieshiwan Savage Room.
Stay in a hotel and send a waiter to my brother.
Ru Ci CIMC and Chen Nan Zanfu.
Selling Nanzhai with my younger brother, playing with the moon and remembering Cui Shaofu in Yin Shan.
Master Dai Fufeng answered
After the rain, enjoy the red Kanpei master book [Gao Shi Poetry] in the North Building.
Sent to Guilin as the fifth place.
Don't be Ponzi in the mountains
Liu Bie is short of Zhang Shaofu and Guo Da Dawei.
Send twelve soldiers to Cao Wei.
The Lord of Tokyo Prefecture and Li Jie of Qian Qian sent them to the White Horse Temple for accommodation.
Send Master Lian to Lushan Mountain [Liu Shenxu Poetry]
Farewell to Wuling Yuancheng
Don't mess around.
Yueyang Bieshili Liu Yuebin
Goodbye, brother Cen Can.
Send Liu Shenxu to retrieve the macro word solution.
Baling don't flow to Chu Shi
Supeishi mountain villa
He said that he would reward Xue and send someone to Guo Wei.
Volume II (34 questions, 34 songs):
Write poems about history
Miscellaneous interest
Qiuxing
Di Xin
Single tour
Ji Xiang Temple worships the pagoda of two holy monks who belong to equality.
Inquiries about Zhouyi's participation in the same contract
Officials visit Zhao Yin Temple.
Yannange
He JIU Ke Yu she Ji
Ada, a captain of Luoyang, and the tea collection of court officials, the master's room on the shore road of Tiangong Temple.
See the scenery of Jianghuai
Bashang Xianju
Air cooled original
Liu Pei bookstore
Smell the flute on the river.
Autumn in Taihu Lake
Brother Zhao visited
Guo Huayin
Jiujiang kouzuo
On the way to the girder
on the way
Xing Shan Lu Zhou Jing
Zuo Ci Xiaofugu Longtan
Du Tong in Duan Youting
Certain musical instruments
Rising sun
Drop the subject
To Wen Zhongcheng [Chang Dang Shi]
Quotations.
Five or seven songs [Li Duan's poems]
Chengbangqu
Hard road
Give it to Zhang Jingzhou.
Volume III (20 questions, 20 songs):
Drive out of Chang 'an [Song Wenzhi's poem]. ]
Jiaxing Hedong
Huyiqu
Rufu Keting sent Cui Fengtong.
He Renqiu Yehui
Send Li Yao to visit Jiangdong.
Shayuannandutou
Ke guangling
Master JD.COM Zhai
Sushang image tower
Meet the wise Xue Mingfu [Meng Haoran's poem]. ]
Jiao Jiao Lian
Liu Shen's shortcomings did not come during his stay at the Jingjiangkou.
Cold food is everything.
Climb high in nine days
Wansui building
Calyx Building's summer banquet should be made.
Send Ouyang Huiji to his post.
On the Five Rhymes of Wang's Brothers' Courtyard
Playing on the moon of things [Wang Wei's poem]
Volume 4 (70 questions, 88):
Chaolaiqu
join the army
Answer to Wuling taishoutian
Two Poems about Bucky
The old man who smashed the pot
Send it to Hu Da.
Bi-communication of topic monk prescription
Send Guo sicang
Send Li Shiwu
Songzhangsi
The satrap of Wuling Tian sent Sima Luxi to dinner.
Send Tan Bazhi to Guilin
Send Liu Shiwu to the county
Seven songs about joining the army
Two poems [the second is a poem by Li Bai]
Two lotus songs
Two songs in front of the temple
Song of spring palace
Nishimiya spring resentment
Autumn resentment in Nishimiya
Five Poems of Chang Xin Qiu Ci
Two brothel songs
Brothel resentment
Huansha girl
Guiqing
Ganquan song
Ma Xiaoxu Zhai Xiang Zhu
go hunting
Send Mu Shi out of Youzhou.
Pottery messenger
Answer Huangfuyue to Nanling
Xijiang sent his brother to Vietnam.
Li si Cang Cao Zhai night drink
Yanchunyuan
Longbiao picnic
Listen to the flowing tones.
Liangyuan
Causes of Taoist Huang's room in Longxingguan, Wuling
Songweier
Farewell to the capital of Lipu
Send di zongheng
Send Xue Da to Anlu
Two Poems on the Parting between Furong Inn and Xin Jian
Farewell to Li's Shuo Shi
Deputy Special Envoy Bietao returned to the South China Sea.
13 deliveries and 5 returns.
Send Wu Li
Send me Uncle Fifteen.
Liubie crispy rice
Send sinus seven
Baling sent Li XII.
Send peitunan
Stay away from Sima satrap
Luxi others
Song Cheng Liu
Send Zhu Yue.
Don't be a newcomer
Send firewood to serve the palace.
Send Wanda to Changsha
Send Wu Shijiu to Yuanling
Biehuangfuwu
Send Cui to Longxi to join the army.
Send Judge Zheng.
Give Yao's justice to Wu
Send Guilin to senior three.
Travel [a poem by Li Qi]
Title stone
Three Poems of Huanglian Teachers College in Kaiyuan Temple, Wuling
Song of the old man on the river
Heartbroken in spring
Addendum (29 questions, 29 songs, 13 broken sentences):
Go to Korea on business every week.
Join the royal seven brothers
Ambassador of Tongzhou, Shanghai
When seeing someone off, give him a parting gift or write a poem for him
Give to
Meet sb. leave
Drop the subject
and
and
Next to the city
The teacher's room with clean eyes
Sleeping in Lujiang at night, I heard that it was sent by an old friend with Torin Temple, and there were poems.
Send by orthography
Visit Hao Tao Temple with Zhang Zhechong.
Mei Dao Shi shui ge
Boating with Huang Beijin
Drop the subject
Dongting lake project
On the 9th, Fenghe House hosted a banquet in Xianshan to entertain Mr. Cui Yuanwai and Zhang Langzhong, the second special envoys of Ma.
Cold food, disease, happiness, Li Shaofu's view.
Yongqing
autumn
Through the temple of Ji Xiang.
I went to Zhangba Temple with Sulu, but Sue didn't have to.
Reward the masterpiece of Suiyang road satrap.
Send jolin.
Melancholy Qiu Si
Huandashi Yi Shan Station
Looking for a secluded place in the mountains
Wang Changling. Join the army.
The bonfire is in the west of the city 100 feet, and you sit alone in the sea breeze and autumn at dusk.
Even playing Guan Shanyue, a Qiang flute, is not as sad as Wanli, a golden couple.