Mao Zonggang's Reading the History of the Three Kingdoms: I think there are three wonders in the Three Kingdoms, which can be called three wonders. Zhu Gekongming is a must, Guan Yunchang is a must, and so is Cao Cao.

First, Zhuge Liang-Zhijue (the representative of "wisdom")

The thirty-fifth time, Shui Jing said, "Guan, Zhang and Zhao Yun are all enemies, so pity those who are not good at using them. If Sun Gan and Mi Zhu are white-faced scholars, then they are not talents who can help the world. " This helpful person is Zhuge Liang.

(1) Zhuge Mountain

1, the 34th time Cai Mao fabricated Liu Bei's anti-poem: "A few years later, I was trapped in the old mountains and rivers. The dragon is in the pool and wants to thunder to heaven! "

2. In the thirty-fifth chapter, I quoted an article about Su Shi's ancient style and recited the story of prancing horse and Tanxi. The poem says:

When I am old, I will spend the last spring, and I will travel to Tanxi Road. Stop and watch the distance wander alone, and the red sheep are scattered in front of you. I thought Xianyang was in decline, enter the dragon; At the Xiangyang meeting, Wang Sun was drinking and Liu Bei was dying. Escape, go out of Ximen Road alone, and go back to the rear. A puff of smoke flooded the Tanxi River, and he was eager to ride forward. Horseshoe and hoof are broken into blue glass, and golden whip is waved in the wind. I heard Qian riding away, but suddenly I saw Ssangyong flying in Apollo. Give up the true English Lord and sit down and meet the dragon colt. Tanxi flows from the east, where is the dragon colt? Facing the current, I sigh for my heart, and the setting sun shines on the empty mountain; Three points are like dreams, and traces are empty in the world.

3. Water Mirror: Have you heard the rumors of children in Jingxiang County? The rumor is: 1989 began to decline, and 13 had no legacy. In the end, the destiny has returned, and the dragonfly in the mud has gone to heaven. "

Mao Zonggang commented: "Dragon in the mud", "Dragon in the pool" and "Dragon in the waves". All the words "dragon" are written only to arouse "Long Fu".

Mao Zonggang: Anyone who reads the annals of the Three Kingdoms will be greedy for things about Kong Ming. But after watching it for thirty-five times, there is still no sign of Kongming, which makes people itch. (Until the 36th time, Xu Shucai personally said "Long Fu", that is, Zhu Gekongming. )

(b) Three visits to the villa

See Fu Shan composing music, thinking that Kong Ming;

Hearing the news of the water mirror, I thought it was Kong Ming;

See Cui and think of Kong Ming;

See, Meng and think of Kong Ming;

See Zhuge Jun, Huang, and thought;

Mao's comments: Just like those who watch the dawn all night, they think it is dawn when they see light, dawn when they see moonlight, and dawn when they see starlight. Another example is the person who watches the rain on a dry night. He thinks it is rain when he hears the wind, rain when he hears the sound of springs, and rain when he hears the sound of leaks. "The West Chamber" Qu Yun: "The wind moves the sound of bamboo, only the sound of gold; The moon is moving, and it is suspected to be a jade person. " Liu Bei is thirsty for talent, and there are such people! Kong can't get it, but he can't.

This volume is written about Kongming, but there is no Kongming in the article. The person who writes wonderful characters has nowhere to write, just because he has nowhere to write. Writing about impermanence is like floating clouds and wild cranes, but people are far away; It is not easy to see people like Feng Wei and Xiang Lin, but the first thing is to respect them; Although Kong Ming has never met once, it is extremely beautiful to see Kong Ming's residence. Seeing Kong Ming's children is extremely old; Watching "Friends of Kong Ming" is extremely superb; Seeing Kong's younger brother is very carefree; Seeing Kong's father-in-law, it is extremely clear; Look at Kong's poems. It's so beautiful. I didn't want to meet Xi Yanhuan, but Kong Ming is Kong Ming, so I gave up halfway.

Indifferent to Zhi Ming, quiet and far-reaching. Mao Comments: Indifferent and indifferent language is a skill of Kong Ming. Indifference, people's coldness can be known; Quiet, then people's leisure is known. People who are not extremely idle and cold in the world can't do anything extremely busy and hot. Later, from Wang Bo to Shaotun, and even six out of Qishan, countless people who were extremely busy and extremely hot accumulated from extremely idle and extremely cold.

(3) Longzhong is right-knowing the world for three points is a rookie.

Kong Ming said, "Since Dong Zhuo's rebellion, there have been heroes all over the world. Cao Cao's potential is not as good as Yuan Shao's, but he can overcome it, which is not only in the right place at the right time, but also desirable to others. Today, there are millions of people in Cao Cao, holding the emperor to make the princes. This sincerity can't compete with each other. According to Sun Quan, the three generations of Jiangdong are attached to the country and the people. This can be used for aid, but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from it; it is connected with Tongba and Shu in the east and adjacent to it in the west. This place is untenable unless its owner; Almost a general with such a gift from heaven, is the general interested? Yizhou is in danger, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the country of abundance, so Gaozu became the emperor; Now Liu Zhang is weak and the people are rich, but they don't know how to be compassionate. Smart people think of smart gentlemen. The general is not only the imperial palace, but also loyal to the four seas, commanding heroes, thinking wise men and thirsty generals. If there are advantages and interests spanning, we should protect their rock resistance, take care of Yi and Yue in the west, Sun Quan in the south and repair politics internally; The world has changed, and a general will be ordered to send Jingzhou soldiers to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead Yizhou's people out of Qinchuan. How can the people meet the general without eating pot pulp? If so, the great cause can be achieved and the Han Dynasty can flourish. This light is why it is also for the general. Only the generals will understand. " The general must take the lead, let Cao Cao dominate the north for one day, and let Sun Quan occupy the land in the south, so that the general can occupy the people and peace. Take Jingzhou as home first, and then take Xichuan as the foundation, so as to become a foothold, and then map the Central Plains.

There are only these words, but Kong Ming is still in his infancy, and he knows that there are three points in the world, and he really lags behind people through the ages! Later generations have a poem praising: "Yuzhou laments that the sun is lonely and poor, why is Nanyang lucky to have Wolong!" Want to know his age, Mr. Wang smiled and pointed to drawing.

④ Battle of Red Cliffs.

The novel takes eight chapters to write "Battle of Red Cliffs", from chapter 43 (Zhuge Liang debated Confucianism, Lu Zi and pushing through the crowd) to chapter 50 (Zhuge Liang calculated Huarong Road and Guan Yunchang released Cao Cao). This is not only to fully demonstrate this famous battle in China history, but also to highlight its key role in the "Three Kingdoms"; It is also to fully demonstrate Zhuge Liang's "wisdom."

Argument with Confucianism, wisdom and Sun Quan, Zhou Yu, grass boat borrowing arrows, planning fire attack, offering sacrifices to the Seven Star Altar, wisdom and kindness.

Zhou Yu is just a foil to Zhuge Liang. After Jiang Gan was captured by Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu and Zhou Yu sighed, "Since Yu was born, why did he give birth to Liang?"

Predictably, strategic superman; Know geography and astronomy. Proficient in politics, military affairs and diplomacy.

(5) Seven captures Meng Huo

Mao Zonggang comments: Sun Quan's soldiers, Cao Pi wants to attack Shu; Meng Huo's soldiers were also the ones that Cao Pi wanted to attack Shu. Confucius knows Wu, not in the east, but in the north; Kong Zheng is a barbarian; Pay attention to the south, but also to the north.

"Seven capture Meng Huo" is the prelude to the Northern Expedition.

(6) Six out of Qishan

Scold Wang Lang to death; Empty city plan; Ming Xiu plank road, secretly crossing Chencang; Make wooden cows and horses; Shanggu minefield; Zhuge's death scared away Zhong Da and others.

Sima Yi has repeatedly called Zhuge Liang "a genius in the world" and "I am not as good as Kong Ming".

Before he died, Zhuge Liang said: I wanted to do my best to restore the Central Plains and revive the Han Dynasty, but it was God's will that I would die.

The author's ideal is an ideal society that combines benevolent government, wise masters, sages and talented people. However, this ideal was shattered in the face of powerful "providence", which showed the author's confusion and pain about disillusionment, moral decay and value inversion. Zhuge Liang ended up with unfulfilled ambition and died with hatred, becoming a tragic figure. On Zhuge Liang, the author's ideal was pinned. In this sense, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is also a tragedy.

Second,-Yi Jue (the incarnation of "Yi")

Mao Zonggang's Reading the History of the Three Kingdoms: "Qing history is extremely elegant in Deng Qing; Red hearts, such as red faces, are extremely heroic; Raise the candle to reach Dan, and people preach its big festival; Go to the meeting with a single knife and serve its power; Walk a thousand miles alone and report your determination; Yi Shi Huarong, the friendship of repaying kindness is heavy. "

Xiapi surrendered to Cao Cao: Cao Cao praised: "Bribery is not enough to move his heart, and reward is not enough to move his will." "The victim does not forget the roots and is a righteous man on earth; Come and understand, it is the husband of the world. "

Hua Rongdao explained to Cao Cao: Later generations praised the poem and said, "Be brave in keeping the eternal righteousness and think about repaying kindness for life. Prestige is like the sun, and reputation is shaken. " Swear to the death to repay your confidant and make future generations famous.

Third, Cao Cao-rape

One of the manifestations of Cao Cao's "treachery": playing politics

Choosing Cao Hou instead of Yuan Shu's sword seems to be going well;

Love Chen Lin, don't kill him, appear generous;

It seems righteous to pursue Guan Yu instead of his ambition;

Stealing the handle of the country and leaving a name is different from Wang Mang's obvious regicide;

Rather than eager to usurp gold, it is better to leave his son to reform;

The second manifestation of Cao Cao's "treachery" is treacherous, cruel and ferocious;

Pit killing; Blood washing Xuzhou; "Zhao" implicated his family and strangled pregnant women; Bite your hand and kill Lv Boshe;

○ Suspected homicide: Cai Mao and Zhang Yun, commanders of the Water Army.

○ Killing dreams: personal guards

○ Pretending to be drunk and killing people: Guan Le Shi Kuang.

○ Killing with a knife: celebrity Mi Heng.

○ Waiting for an opportunity to kill: March main book Yang Xiu

○ Killing people with "things": Wang Dong, grain controller.

Liu Bei: Chen Shou's evaluation of Liu Bei is: "Hongyi is generous, knows people and treats scholars, and is a hero in the style of Gao Zu." And entrusted the whole country to Zhuge Liang, but with the same mind, sincere monarch and minister serve the public and prosper in ancient and modern times. If you have no right to do something, you can't catch Wei Wu. Because the cardinality is too narrow. However, he "persisted, and he would never do it." "In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the author described Liu Bei as a representative of the benevolent, who was the orthodox successor of the imperial power in the Han Dynasty. Therefore, it is extremely exaggerated to describe Liu Bei's kind, generous and kind-hearted personality, but while highlighting his kindness, he fell into an incompetent side, giving people the feeling of incompetence and hypocrisy. Liu Bei in TV plays is often Lacrimosa. Although crying and tears show Liu Bei's benevolence and righteousness, they give people the impression that Liu Bei's world is crying, distorting Liu Bei's true image as a "lean" and "outstanding person".

Guan Yu: In history, Guan Yu was the tiger general of "ten thousand enemies". He is proud and has no regrets, and his grievances are clear. He is famous for his loyalty, but he is "righteous and proud" and has more courage and less wisdom. After Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei, he was named General of the Day. When Guan Yu was in charge of Jingzhou, he wrote a book with Zhuge Liang, "Ask who can compare with the super talent." Zhuge Liang wrote back that Ma Chao is a great man in the world, but he is not as good as Guan Yu's "peerless", and Guan Yu "keeps books to entertain himself as a guest." This is a typical brave and foolhardy military commander's character. However, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, because he is a member of Liu Bei's camp and has the characteristics of loyalty, he is portrayed as the embodiment of benevolence and righteousness. He followed Liu Bei and did not avoid difficulties and obstacles. Xiapi was captured and surrendered to Cao Cao, but he was worried about Liu Bei. Just because Cao Cao was very kind to him, he killed Yan Liang, the general of Yuan Shao, for Cao Cao before he left Cao and returned to Liu, and lifted the siege of the white horse. But what is written in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is that Guan Yu met three times when Pi surrendered, and Cao Cao had a small banquet on the third day and a big banquet on the fifth day, but it was false. In short, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the author described Guan Yu as a "righteous man", so his image was seriously distorted.

Cao Cao: In history, Cao Cao's character is very complicated. Chen Shou thinks that Cao Cao is "the first in the history of the Three Kingdoms". "The magic of application and transaction, Han Bai's unique strategy, and the official licensing materials have their own tools, and they are sentimental and don't forget the old evils." Cao Cao has been in charge of the army for more than 30 years, but he can't let go. He must be endowed when he climbs high. He is better at poetry, cursive script and Go. Live frugally and don't pay attention to clothes. Discuss with others, laughing and laughing. "Honor should be rewarded, generous daughter; Nothing can be done, nothing can be done. " He is a first-rate politician, strategist and writer in the history of China. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, these good aspects of Cao Cao's character and morality are ignored, while his cruel and treacherous side is exaggerated. Therefore, Luo Guanzhong's Cao Cao is a typical treacherous, cruel, willful and suspicious villain.

Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu in history was "generous", modest and obedient, and "open and ambitious". Liu Bei called him "the plan of civil and military affairs, the English of ten thousand people." Sun Quan praised him as "the capital of Wang Zuo". However, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu became the bottom figure of Zhuge Liang. Zhou Yu was written to raise Zhuge Liang. Therefore, Zhou Yu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is narrow-minded and always inferior to Zhuge Liang in wisdom. Unlike Zhou Yu praised by Su Shi, he is a "romantic figure through the ages".

Lu Su: If the characters of Cao Cao, Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are distorted, but there is still some basis, then in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su is almost completely fabricated except for his name. Lu Su in history was "in the army, never leaving his book", "far-sighted" and "brilliant". When he first met Sun Quan, he put forward the founding policy: set foot in the east of the Yangtze River, reject Cao Cao in the north, wait for the destruction of Huang Zu, head for Liu Biao, who was accidentally discovered in the Yangtze River, and then build the so-called emperor for the world. This is similar to Zhuge Liang's longzhong pair. When Cao Cao's army went south to Jingzhou, Sun Quan's men all surrendered, but Lu Su advocated resisting Cao and advised Sun Quan to recall Zhou Yu to defend the business war. After Battle of Red Cliffs, he urged-Cao. In the history of Wu Dong, Lu Su was a real Zhuge Liang figure, and Sun Quan also admired him very much. The establishment and development of Wu was basically carried out in accordance with the political strategy and strategic policy put forward by Lu Su. However, in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su became a victim of the wits and wits of Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu, a typical example of being fooled and bullied.

Dian Wei is the most heartfelt, Dian Wei was under the sudden attack of Zhang Xiu, and he didn't find his 80-catty double halberd. Weapons are life for a military commander, but Dian Wei has no weapons. All he can do is take a knife. Dian Wei killed more than forty people and was finally killed by Zhang Xiubing. In the Three Kingdoms, I don't think there is a second person who can kill people like this. I think that Zhao Yun can go in and out seven times and kill more than 50 generals, which is purely a novelist's nonsense. As for Lu Bu, I only heard that he is good at archery. Instead of desperately protecting Dong Zhuo, I killed him later. There are too many such people in the Three Kingdoms, and Dian Wei is the only one. I didn't see that it should be the first loyalty of the Three Kingdoms.