Analysis of test questions: This topic mainly examines the development of national capitalism in modern China. From the information such as "winning the top prize" and "giving up official career and saving the country through industry", we can see that "he" in the materials refers to Zhang Jian. According to the knowledge learned, Zhang Jian was the top scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, an industrialist, politician and educator in modern China, who advocated "saving the country through industry" and was an early pioneer in the field of cotton textile in China. So choose C.