At all stages of world historical and cultural exchanges, China's "wonderful and natural" natural landscape garden theory and creative practice have had a great impact not only on Japanese, Korean and other Asian countries, but also on some European countries' garden art creation. Therefore, China gardens are regarded as one of the origins in the history of world gardening.
Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, China's gardening techniques have been introduced to Japan, Korea and other countries. A monograph on gardening theory published in the late Ming Dynasty, Yuanye, flowed into Japan, and the title of the manuscript was Seize the Heaven. Until now, the names of many garden buildings in Japan are still in classical Chinese. Especially 13 century, Italian traveler Kyle? 6? 1 Polo called the garden of Hangzhou West Lake "the most beautiful and luxurious city in the world", which made Hangzhou's garden art famous overseas. Today, it is a tourist attraction that tourists all over the world yearn for.
/kloc-in the 8th century, the natural landscape gardens in China were designed by the famous British gardener William? 6? 1 Compaq was introduced to Britain, which caused a "natural fever" at that time. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the New Notes on the Current Situation in China written by the English missionary Li Ming also introduced the garden art of China. Later, Chambers, an Englishman, went to Guangzhou and saw the garden art in China. After returning to England, he wrote On Oriental Gardens.
Due to people's gradual understanding of China's garden art, British gardeners began to feel monotonous about the principles of regular garden layout. As a result, the design techniques of oriental garden art have also developed. For example, the Botanical Garden built on the outskirts of London in 1730, which is today's Royal Botanical Garden, not only imitated the natural layout of China gardens, but also adopted a large number of Chinese-style pagodas and bridges and other garden architectural art forms.
Not only does the word "Huaying Garden" appear in France, but there are about 20 Chinese landscape gardens in Paris alone. Since then, China's garden art has spread widely in Europe.
China natural landscape garden art is an excellent architectural cultural tradition unique to our nation, and has accumulated rich gardening theory and creative practical experience in the long-term historical development.
In order to inherit and carry forward the achievements of Chinese classical garden art, especially with the improvement of people's material and cultural living standards, urban and rural construction is bound to fully reflect the material and spiritual needs of working people. In order to provide people with beautiful places for rest, leisure and cultural entertainment, it is necessary to carry out garden construction.
With the development of tourism, the development and construction of landscape architecture will flourish, and the development of natural landscape resources will also accelerate. How to learn from the experience of China classical garden art, we must summarize and absorb its essence, and serve our new garden construction today.
Garden classification:
According to the identity of the occupier, there are royal gardens and private gardens. The former are the Summer Palace, Beihai Park and chengde mountain resort. The latter are Gongwangfu in Beijing, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, Lingering Garden, Netlion Garden, Yu Garden in Shanghai, etc.
There are three types according to geographical location.
Northern gardens: because hell is vast, it has a large scope; And because most of them are ancient capitals, the buildings are magnificent. Due to the limitation of climate, rough styles are mostly concentrated in Beijing, Xi 'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng and other places, especially in Beijing.
Jiangnan garden; The south is densely populated, so the garden area is small, and because there are many rivers and evergreen trees, it is more exquisite. It is characterized by elegance and simplicity, deep twists and turns, bright and beautiful, but it is slightly cramped because of its small area. Such representatives are mostly concentrated in Nanjing, Shanghai, Wuxi, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Yangzhou and other places, especially Suzhou.
Lingnan Garden: Because it is located in the subtropical zone, with evergreen seasons and numerous rivers, the gardening conditions are better. Its obvious feature is subtropical scenery, with relatively high and wide buildings. The famous ones are Qinghui Garden in Shunde, Guangdong, Keyuan Garden in Dongguan and Yuyin Mountain Residence in Panyu.