In the late Tang Dynasty, social class contradictions intensified. Political corruption and years of war have made land annexation more serious. Emperors, officials, buffer regions, monks, landlords and wealthy businessmen occupied most of the land, and the separatist regime and war in the buffer regions intensified, which made the unified country in a state of disintegration.
Despite this, the Tang regime still urged farmers to levy taxes, and the burden on farmers was heavier. On the basis of the intensification of class contradictions, a peasant uprising finally broke out.
In 874, Wang Xianzhi launched an uprising in Changyuan (now Fanxian). In the second year, Huang Chao led his troops to capture Shaner Cao Zhou (now Heze County). The meeting of the two insurgents greatly strengthened the strength of the peasant insurgents. The rebels attacked counties, suppressed landlords and opened warehouses to help the poor, which received enthusiastic support from farmers. The team has rapidly grown to 50,000 to 60,000 people, and its influence has expanded to vast areas such as Henan, Anhui and Hubei.
In 878 AD, Wang Xianzhi was blocked from fighting in Hubei, and Huang Chao was promoted to commander-in-chief of the rebel army, known as General Tian Chong Taibao, calling on farmers to break through the feudal rule of the Tang Dynasty with the Tang regime as the goal. Under this call, the rebels fought in the south and the north, which pushed the peasant war to a climax in the late Tang Dynasty.
One is to move to Shandong, Henan, Hunan, Anhui and other places. Then, 100,000 troops crossed the Yangtze River and advanced into Jiangnan, where the rule of the Tang Dynasty was weak. They moved to Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other places. With amazing perseverance and speed, the rebel army opened up a 700-mile-long mountain road, entered Fujian and Guangdong, and conquered the rich Guangzhou.
While the insurgents are resting here, they are preparing for the Northern Expedition. In 879, the rebel army began the Northern Expedition, crossed the natural barrier of the Yangtze River and conquered Luoyang. At this time, the team has reached 600,000 people, with strict discipline and sharp edges, which matches Tongguan, the gate of Chang 'an. Chang 'an landlord class ruling group was in panic, hundreds of officials fled, and Tang Xizong fled to Sichuan.
198 1 year, the insurgents occupied the enemy's lair Chang 'an and established the Daqi regime, which was warmly welcomed by the people of Chang 'an. However, after the rebels entered Chang 'an, they still adopted mobile tactics, failed to establish a solid base, failed to win the battle to destroy the remnants of the Tang Dynasty, and gave the enemy a chance to fight back.
1983, the rebels had no food and no help, so they had to quit Chang' an and move to Henan and Shandong. In 884, due to the disparity between the enemy and ourselves, the rebel army finally failed. Huang Chao led more than a thousand men to retreat to the Wolf and Tiger Valley of Mount Tai, fought bravely and sacrificed heroically.
The peasant uprising led by Huang Chao lasted for ten years, passed through Wan Li several times and moved to most of China, which was a glorious page in the history of peasant war in China.
The peasant uprising in Huang Chao is of great historical significance. It put forward the political slogan of "equality" and "soaring to the sky", which reflected the revolutionary demand of average prosperity put forward by the peasant class in the situation of sharp opposition between the rich and the poor, and marked the beginning of a new stage of the peasant war in China.
It attacked the feudal order, hit the landlord class, weakened the power of the buffer region, made the Tang Dynasty regime on the verge of extinction, and created conditions for the development of social productive forces. It has been in a state of movement for a long time and has not established a solid base. Although a temporary victory has been achieved, it will inevitably fail in the end. This is an important experience and lesson of the revolutionary people.