2. Dadiwan Site, located on the east side of Shaodian Village, Wuying Township, 45km northeast of Qin 'an County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, is located on the second and third steps on the south bank of Qingshui River, a tributary of Hulu River, and connected with gentle slopes, with a total area of 2.7 million square meters. It is an early large-scale "palace-style building" with the most China architectural style. It has a regular layout and is balanced and symmetrical. It consists of a main room, an east wing, a west wing, a back room and a front appendage. Nearly 10,000 pieces of pottery, stone, jade, bones, horns, mussels and other cultural relics have been unearthed in this site, and 24 houses have been unearthed. The history of human activities in the Dadiwan site can be pushed from 8000 years ago to 60000 years ago. This site is of great value to explore the clues and original features of Chinese civilization and reveal the archaeological age and cultural sequence of ancient cultures in Longyou and Tianshui.

3. Dadiwan site includes six cultural layers. The 1-3 cultural layer was formed 60,000-20,000 years ago, and only timely crushing technology products, such as Shi Ying fragments and fragments, were found in the stratum. The fourth cultural layer was formed 2000-13,000 years ago, and the first-stage pottery pieces and microliths in Dadiwan began to appear, but they were in a subordinate position in the total number of relics. The fifth cultural layer was formed13,000-7,000 years ago, and is mainly composed of microliths and the first-stage pottery pieces in Dadiwan. The sixth cultural layer was formed 7000-5000 years ago, and the main cultural relics are Banpo and late Yangshao pottery pieces.

4. A total of 24 1 sites have been excavated from Dadiwan site, most of which belong to deep cave shack buildings, including 104 kitchen sites, 32 1 ash pit caves, 35 kiln sites, 70 tombs and 9 trenches. The ground numbered F90 1 is a "concrete" ground. The building numbered F90 1 is a palace building. The painting was found at the address numbered F4 1 1. No. F90 1 The material in the in-situ mixed layer is an earlier artificial lightweight aggregate in China. The pilasters with numbers F405, F90 1 wrapped in grass mud are examples of early fire fighting in China. Unearthed strips, shovels and dustpans are the earliest weights and measures in China. The mouth of pottery is painted with a wide red ribbon, which is the most primitive painted pattern in China. The shapes of pottery are round bottom bowl, three-legged bowl, three-legged jar, round foot bowl, small mouth jar, pointed bottom jar, mouth-foot jar, flat bottom jar, strip plate and deep belly jar. A large number of early painted pottery products are mainly painted with patterns combining variant fish patterns and bird patterns. Many kinds of carving symbols 10 have been found on pottery, some of which are similar to water ripples; There are similar plant growth, and there are patterns where straight lines and curves intersect. The unearthed painted pottery head bottle is an early sculpture of China. Carbonated millet of Gramineae and rapeseed of Cruciferae were collected in the ash pit of Dadiwan Phase I site. In the ash pit numbered H398 in Dadiwan site, a pile of carbonized rice samples were found, which were identified as millet (commonly known as millet), but the rice grains were smaller than modern species.

5. The research on the site of Dadiwan shows that the ancients went through four stages of economic development: primitive hunting and gathering, developed hunting and gathering the site of Dadiwan, the first stage of primitive agriculture in Dadiwan, and the early and late mature agriculture in Yangshao, which provided detailed information for the study of primitive architecture, art, agricultural origin, writing and religion in northwest China. Painted pottery in Dadiwan site is of great academic value for studying the origin of China's painting and the painting art in primitive society. The carved symbols on pottery provide extremely important information and clues for the origin of China characters.

Pottery unearthed from Dadiwan site