Qian Sun Zhao Li, Wu Zhou Zheng Wang, Chen Feng Chu Wei, Jiang Shen Han Yang "Many China people are familiar with these four-character ballads. Even an illiterate person has heard of hundreds of surnames. Surname is the most important personal characteristic of a person, and it is also the imprint of a family. It is closely related to sociology, history and tradition. The well-known Hundred Family Names is a very good reading, from which readers can understand the origin and far-reaching influence of the hundred family names. It has a history of more than 1000 years, and it has been widely spread in China since the Northern Song Dynasty in the 10 century. Who created hundreds of surnames? When did it take shape? When will it be published? These questions remain a mystery until today. According to the textual research of scholars with written records in Ming and Qing Dynasties, hundreds of surnames existed as early as before the Song Dynasty. In the early Song Dynasty, it was edited and bound by an unknown Confucian scholar in wuyue (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). Lu You (A.D. 1 12 10), a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, mentioned hundreds of surnames for the first time in his poem Autumn Rain. The poet pointed out in his notes that his inspiration came from two books, one is Zhazi and the other is Hundred Family Names. It can be seen that hundreds of surnames began to spread as early as before the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the royal family surnamed Zhao, and in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, wang xing Qian was the State of Wu Yue. A scholar in Song Dynasty believed that Sun was the surname of wives and concubines in Song Dynasty and Li was the surname of rulers in Southern Tang Dynasty. This is the prelude of hundreds of surnames-the origin of the order of "a thousand grandchildren and Zhao Li". At present, the earliest printed "Hundred Family Names" was published in the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.14th century), based on the correspondence between Chinese characters and Mongolian characters in pronunciation and strokes. However, the Yuan version was not complete, and the long-standing hundred surnames were not completely included until the Ming Dynasty. A total of 438 surnames were recorded, including 408 single surnames, 102 line, 38 compound surnames, and 15 line. The last line is the end of the hundred surnames, that is, the end of the hundred surnames. It consists of lines 1 18, and * * * has 472 words. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was another book about hundred surnames-Augmented Hundred Surnames, in which 444 single surnames and 60 compound surnames were recorded, and the conclusion was Preface to Hundred Surnames. The existing version of the Qing dynasty has words and pictures, and the names of historical celebrities and their families, as well as his images, are recorded at the top of each page; The lower part of each page is a short sentence consisting of four words or surnames, which reads like four ancient poems. Hundreds of surnames have been revised several times in the past, such as Huangzhou surname revised in the late Ming Dynasty, Yu Baijia surname revised by Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and Baijia surname III revised by Ding Yan in the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D.1851-kloc-0/861). These hundreds of revised surnames have spent a lot of effort on the presentation format, and each one has its own characteristics. Nevertheless, they can't replace manuscripts, which reflects the profound influence of manuscripts on later creation. " "Hundred Family Surnames" is not only widely circulated among the Han nationality, but also among the ethnic minorities who have friendly contacts with the Han nationality, such as Mongolian surnames and Jurchen surnames. This shows the far-reaching influence of hundreds of surnames.