There are two most famous earthquakes and tsunamis in history. Once in the Mediterranean. About BC 1450, there was a Schiller Island in the southeast of Greece. Due to the volcanic eruption, the whole island was thrown into the air and then fell to the bottom of the sea. The huge tsunami destroyed the Miro culture on Schiller Island. Some scholars believe that the story of Moses' dividend distribution in the sea in the Bible is related to this tsunami, and Bellagio's "Daxi" is also based on this. Another huge earthquake and tsunami is the earthquake and tsunami in Lisbon, Portugal mentioned above. The tsunami wave caused by this earthquake is nearly 30 meters high. It was Halloween, and many believers prayed in church, but they were not spared. This tragedy has aroused many people's doubts about religious belief. Rousseau, a French enlightenment thinker, once cited this example to persuade people not to join the church.

1883 On August 27th, Krakato volcano erupted near Sumatra, Indonesia, which triggered the largest earthquake and tsunami in modern history. The ensuing huge waves reached more than 30 meters, wiping the whole village off the map, and the death toll reached 36,000. After 1890, the Akita earthquake and tsunami in Japan also killed 27,000 people, destroyed more than 20,000 houses and flooded a large area of land.

1960 from may to June, a series of major earthquakes occurred on the seabed near Chile in south America. Among them, 10 exceeded level 7 for three times and level 8 for three times. The strongest one, with a magnitude of 8.9, occurred in Chiloe, Chile, and triggered the largest tsunami in the world. 1960 On May 23, an earthquake of magnitude 8.9 occurred on the seabed of Chile, which immediately caused changes in the seabed crust within 700 kilometers. The epicentre crust rose by 3-4 meters at maximum and sank by 2 meters at maximum. The sensing range of the earthquake exceeds 1000 km. Due to the sharp rise and fall of the seabed crust, the sea water rose and fell, and a tsunami occurred. The average wave height of this tsunami on the 500km coast of Chile is10m, and the maximum wave height is 25m. Of course, as far as the height of tsunami wave is concerned, it is not the highest among earthquakes and tsunamis, but its scope and energy are incomparable with other tsunamis.

After the tsunami, it first rushed to the coast of Chile, destroying port facilities and engulfing fishermen's villages and towns, leaving thousands of people devastated and tens of thousands homeless. The huge waves caused by the tsunami rushed to the whole Pacific Ocean at an extremely fast speed, and rushed to New Zealand and Australia in the South Pacific Ocean, forming a powerful vortex in Sydney Harbour, causing huge losses to ships in the harbor. The tsunami hit the coasts of the Philippines, Hawaii and Japan. At an average speed of 707 kilometers per hour, it took only 14 hours and 56 minutes to cover the distance of 1660 kilometers and reach the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean, which is almost comparable to the speed of an airplane. The tsunami wave height observed in Hawaii is 9 meters. 2 1 hour or more 17000 km, the maximum wave height is still 8. L meters. The tsunami looted the Pacific coast of Honshu Island, Japan, and filled the entire coast of a place in northern Japan with the wreckage of various ships.

Before the tsunami in Chile reached Japan, despite warnings and preparations, it still caused considerable damage, destroying more than 65,438+0,500 houses and causing 1 0,000 casualties. The tsunami hit Wan Li, but its power is not diminished, and it still maintains great destructive power. The tsunami affected the Sea of Okhotsk in the former Soviet Union before withdrawing troops and returning to camp.