According to legend, on the occasion of the Qin and Han Dynasties, on the banks of Tangxi River in Yun 'an Town today, the streams are swift, the trees are lush, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the scenery is beautiful. Next to the small bridge and flowing water, there lived a family, men plowing and women weaving, and they respected each other as guests. Although the conditions are bitter, they are happy. One noon, the weather was sultry, and the hostess was taking a bath in Tangxi River. In a trance, she felt that a monster like a dragon and snake had disappeared. The hostess was very surprised and suspicious. No, there seems to be something screaming in my stomach, knowing that I am pregnant, exulting. When the hostess was pregnant, it was not until a year ago that she gave birth to a baby and gave birth to a chubby son named Fu Jia. Fu Jia was brilliant and regarded as a treasure by her parents, so she invited a teacher to teach reading. Fu Jia's contact with letters and bamboo slips never forgets anything, and his insights are far-reaching, which is superior to his teachers. Why don't the teacher sigh, close the museum and let him go? Fu Jia continued to read widely and was not only famous. In order to increase his knowledge and display his ambition, he walked out of the mountains and traveled to Dongting Lake and Qilu. In particular, I am very glad to know Liu Bang, president of Surabaya, and have become bosom friends by talking about the past and referring to the present. They agreed to support each other and create a unique career in the future. At the end of the swim, he retired to his hometown, married and had children, and lived a hermit life of studying and farming to satisfy his hunger. By chance, he found the salt spring. At this time, Wang Chu Xiang Yu was in Sanqin An Lushan, and Hanwang Liu Bang lived in Guanzhong, ready to compete for the world. When the hermit heard that Liu Bang had become Hanwang, he was very happy and decided to dig a well and boil salt to help pay his debts. Therefore, he carefully surveyed the brine vein, selected the well location, and led his daughter Jiulong to dig the first salt well in Yun 'an history-Dajing (also known as Zujing and Baitujing), which opened the glorious history of salt industry development in Yun 'an for more than 2,000 years. The hermit left his last words before he died: three cows are against Maling, and no noble person comes out of a salt well. At the behest of her father, Kowloon women continued to lead people to dig wells until nine o'clock. The people of Yun 'an will always remember this sage who opened a well to benefit the people, worship him as the ancestor and god of the well, and build the Dragon Palace Temple to shape his golden body for annual sacrifice.
Another legend is even more amazing. According to legend, from April to May in 206 BC (the first year of Emperor Gaozu), Hanwang Liu Bang stationed troops in Hanzhong to prepare for a decisive battle with Xiang Yu, the overlord of the western Chu Dynasty. On the eve of the decisive battle, Liu Bang heard that Jia, a hermit who was close to him when he was young, lived in seclusion by Tangxi in the county. Liu Bang, who was eager for wisdom, decided to invite Jia, a hermit, out of the mountain to help him realize his ambition. So he and Iliad Fan Kuai crossed the Qinling Mountains, crossed Baopo, crossed Dongxiang, crossed the sedan chair and came to the county. They walked and visited, and finally came to Tangxi River. When they came to the village near the Gaozu Temple, Fan Kuai suddenly found a white rabbit in the grass, so he pulled out his bow and arrow and shot at it. Only heard a flapping sound, the white rabbit was shot by an arrow, turned around in a panic and ran straight up the Tangxi River. Today, when Fan Kuai and Liu Bang chased the white rabbit near the well, the white rabbit disappeared. They dismounted, drew their swords, crossed the grass and found a strange trickle. When they touched it, it turned out to be a salty salt spring. So Xiang Yu sent troops to Sanqin, cutting off the passage for the Han army to get salt from Xiechi and the East China Sea. The whole army has been hungry for several months, and its combat effectiveness has declined. It is a great pleasure to find salt springs in Ren Yao. When Liu Bang visited the hermit, they talked about world affairs at Hanwangtai today. Jia proposed the strategy of Hanzhong to Liu Bang, and Liu Bang had an epiphany. Liu Bangli invited Jia to visit in the mountains, but Jia refused politely. Liu Bang knew that Jia's ambition was to help Jia, and gave him support to dig salt wells, develop salt industry and help the military. The Fu family was ordered to lead the people to dig wells and boil salt with their daughter Liu Longnv. Liu Bang won the merits of the world, and did not forget to help Jia. He decided on the strategy of the Three Qin Dynasties, sealed Jia Tingwei, and endured the food city. Today, there are still many historical sites related to Liu Bang in Yun 'an Town. Gaozu Temple is the place where Liu Bang and Fan Kuai met Fu Jia. Hanwangtai is the place where Hanwang and Fujia discuss the general trend of the world; Mount Seoul is where Hanwang is stationed in Yun 'an. Baitujing is the first discovery of halogen vein by Liu Bang and Fan Kuai.
History of salt industry development: Yun 'an is a thousand-year-old salt capital, which thrives on salt, becomes rich on salt, and finally dries up on salt. The development of Yunan salt industry has roughly experienced three periods.
The first period is the initial stage of development, from 206 BC to the end of the Ming Dynasty. During this period, the imperial court controlled the digging of salt wells and the setting of salt stoves. Although it has gone through the Han, Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, the system of official business and official selling has never changed substantially. There are at least two brine wells, one large well (Baitu well) and one Taihe well, and then the number is gradually increased to 9, and the salt stove is also increased to 132, with an annual salt output of at least 2.5 tons and at most 2,700 tons. Although it took a long time to start the development stage, due to the slow development, business services and other related industries have not been significantly developed.
The second period is a stage of rapid development, from the early Qing Dynasty to the late Republic of China. In the Qing Dynasty, large-scale immigration began in the sixth year of Yongzheng, and a large number of mainlanders came to Yun 'an to mow grass, and the population of Yun 'an gradually increased. At the same time, the imperial court adjusted its industrial and commercial policies, encouraged people to start businesses, allowed private investors to dig wells and cook salt, changed government-run businesses into private ones, and only set up a salt agency to collect salt taxes. The huge profits contained in the salt industry have attracted people of insight from Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to invest and start businesses. To Qianlong MCC, the sinking amount reached 126 salt, which was 14 times that of the late Ming Dynasty. The number of salt foci increased to 352 eyes, three times that of the late Ming Dynasty. With the increase of wells and stoves, there is a shortage of experienced salt-making workers, so Zhongzhou salt-making workers with the same salt-making process as Yun 'an Salt Factory flood into Yun 'an. Later, these Zhongzhou workers brought farmers from Shizhu, Dianjiang, Liangshan, Fengdu and other places into the salt workers, reaching thousands at the peak. With the rapid development of salt industry, catering, commercial and other service industries and urban construction have also developed rapidly, and the pace of economic and social development in Yun 'an has accelerated.
In the early years of Xianfeng, the Qing court carried out the policy of Sichuan salt to save Chu, the sales of salt in Yun 'an were greatly expanded, the output of wells, stoves and salt increased rapidly, and the salt industry reached a new level. According to Xianfeng's Yunyang County Records, the county's total tax revenue in Xianfeng years was 3,804.958 taels, including salt tax 1.548. 1.668 taels, and salt tax accounted for 40.58%. The great development of salt industry economy has promoted the development of all walks of life in Yun 'an. The wise men in well and stove merchants began to build schools and run private schools to carry forward Confucian culture; Worshippers of gods and witches began to build various places of worship, and most of the Nine Palaces and Eighteen Halls were built during this period. Siheyuan with Jiangnan architectural style has also been completed one after another.
During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the National Government decided to save Chu from Sichuan salt for the second time, and Yun 'an salt was exported to the front lines of the Anti-Japanese War such as southern Henan and northern Hubei. The expansion of the market has promoted the rapid development of the salt industry, with the highest annual output reaching 24,700 tons, setting a new record in history. 1942, Chu Fucheng, chairman of Wanxian Chuankang Association, came to Yun 'an to preside over the issuance of wartime bonds. Wang Xinfa and other 68 stove manufacturers subscribed for Yinyang 2 million yuan for the first time, which caused a sensation in the whole province, and Yun 'an became a famous salt town in the whole province and even the whole country. By the eve of liberation, there were nearly 500 firms in Yun 'an with a population of nearly 30,000. Its population is prosperous and its market is more prosperous than Yunyang County.
The third period is the heyday of salt industry, from the early liberation to 1992. After liberation, Yun 'an salt industry was once influenced by iron and steel smelting and the Cultural Revolution, but the three steps from 1954 pushed Yun 'an salt industry to the peak of history: 1954, the first thermal power unit was installed in the saltworks, and the saltworks began to pump brine; 1959165438+10, the Yunyang-Jiangkou highway was opened to traffic, ending the history that Yun 'an salt was transported entirely by manpower. After 1978, the technology and equipment of vacuum salt making and concentrated brine from ten thousand salt wells were introduced, and the salt output increased greatly, reaching the historical peak of more than 92 thousand tons in 1992. The peak of salt industry development is also the peak of ancient town development. Driven by the salt industry, Yun 'an Town has set up more than 30 industrial enterprises such as cement, tanning, fine arts ceramics and tung oil chemical industry. Especially in the mid-1980s and 1990s, the cement produced by Yun 'an accounted for more than 80% of the county's cement output, making it an important industrial town in the county. However, after 1993, the salt market was depressed, and Yunyang Salt Factory suffered serious losses and struggled. 1998 Yunyang Salt Factory was merged by Wanzhou Sauter Group Company. In April 2003, Yunyang Salt Factory stopped production, and the history of salt making in Yunnan for more than 2,000 years stopped here.
The development of social culture is accompanied by the development of salt industry, and the ancient town culture is prosperous, rich in humanities and brilliant in context. There are Shao Yong, a famous philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty, who set up an altar to talk about the achievements of Zhouyi, Hanwangtai, who was met by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, and Xin, who wrote China's first Spring Festival couplets, a bachelor of Hanlin in Houshu and an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. Nine palaces and eighteen temples, which are well known to women and children, have derived a thousand-year-old religious and cultural landscape. It is called Decai Temple in Shifang jungle, facing Tangxi and backing on the cliff. Numerous writers and poets are here to compose poems and praise its scenery.
Yun 'an ancient town is a typical immigrant town. People from Huguang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shaanxi and other places gathered here, and the cultures of different regions blended with each other, leaving a deep impression on the ancient town. Blind date objects from the same region, whose houses depend on each other, live next to each other, and their ancestral homes are named after streets and lanes, pinning their homesickness, such as Huangzhou Street where Huangzhou people live, Jiangxi Street where Jiangxi people live, and so on; In order to seek protection, they set up a guild hall, which is a guild hall for Shaanxi people. Together with the guild hall, there are luxury courtyards with Jiangnan characteristics, such as Chenjia Courtyard, Lins Courtyard and Ethnic Courtyard. The ancient town of Jiugong and Eighteen Temples has become a grand view garden of architectural art.
This ancient town is rich in folk culture. Every Spring Festival, Lantern Festival and other major festivals, grand ceremonies will be held, especially playing with dragon lanterns, where colorful dragons, fire dragons and grass dragons gather together and leap into the sky. Different groups and gangs dance colorful dragons, such as Shengping Group Dance Huanglong, Renhe Group Dance White Dragon, Tugang Dance Oolong, Bungalow Group Dance Red Dragon and Bean Sprouts Group Dance Blue Dragon. There is also a grand Dragon King's Club, a Vulcan Club and a sacrifice to Er Shen. Folk art in the ancient town is in full bloom. Sichuan opera, Beijing opera, shadow play, storytelling, bamboo piano, money board, comedy, cross talk and Sichuan dialect have all been active in the cultural stage of the ancient town.
According to the water level plan of the Three Gorges Reservoir at an altitude of 1.75m, the flooded area of Yun 'an is about 1 km2, accounting for 80.65% of the total area, involving 7 neighborhood committees, 80 residents' groups and 2,569 households with 8,582 people, including Jinkou, Dayuanba, Jiangxi Street, Arrow Tower, Romance Terrace, Zijin Bridge and Yamenkou. 35 industrial and mining enterprises were flooded, including county-owned enterprises 17 and town-owned enterprises 18.
1992, Yun 'an Town immediately started the relocation preparations after the Yunyang County Party Committee and the county government designated the resettlement communities in Yuanzhaiba Village and Shuangjiang Tang Fang Village. 1995, Yun 'an Town set up a leading group for resettlement work, with the town party secretary as the team leader and the mayor as the deputy team leader. The leading group has an immigration office, which is responsible for the relocation of immigrants. During the period of 1998, the first relocated house in Yun 'an Town started construction in Yun 'an Community, a new county. At the beginning of 2000, the first phase of the relocation planning of immigrant communities began to be implemented (from the foreign language school to the left side of Mopanzhai Tunnel). In May, 20001year, the second phase of the relocation plan for immigrant communities began to be implemented (i.e. the first line from Shuiku Road to Minde Road and Yun 'an Road). By June 5438+00, 2008, Chun Yu residents in the town had built 2,300 new houses with a total construction area of 35 square meters. 1995 10 according to the relocation plan of flooded industrial and mining enterprises in Yunyang county, enterprises in Yunan town began to relocate. Hongqi Cement Plant and Dongfeng Cement Plant have successively completed resettlement. 1in may, 1999, the state made major adjustments to the relocation policy of industrial and mining enterprises in the three Gorges reservoir area, requiring the implementation of measures such as merger, bankruptcy and closure, and prohibiting the original relocation. Since 2000, according to the unified deployment of the county government, all enterprises in the town 18 have gone bankrupt or closed down, and employees have been resettled with compensation funds from enterprises. By 2008, more than 900 employees of township industrial and mining enterprises had dissolved their labor relations with the original enterprises and chosen their own jobs.