Figure skating originated in Britain in the18th century, and developed rapidly in Germany, America, Canada and other European and American countries. On Skating, written by Royal Artillery Captain robert johnson in 1772, was published in London, which is the first book on figure skating published in the world. During 1863, American ballet dancer Jackson Haynes combined skating with dance art and toured Europe, enriching the content and form of figure skating. 1868, Daniel Mey and George Mey of the United States performed pair skating for the first time, which was the earliest recorded figure skating performance in the world. 1872 Austria holds the first figure skating competition. The first world men's single figure skating championship was held in Petersburg, Russia on 1896, the first world women's single figure skating championship was held in Davos on 1906, and the first world ice dance championship was held in Paris on 1952. The figure skating rink is 56 ~ 6 1 m long, 26 ~ 30m wide and the ice thickness is not less than 3 ~ 5cm. 1924 was listed as the first Winter Olympics. There are four events: single skating for men and women (included in 1924), double skating for men and women (included in 1924) and ice dancing (included in 1976). Each country and region is limited to 3 people (teams) in each event.
Single skating includes men's single skating and women's single skating. The competition was conducted in the order of short program and free skating, with short program on the first day and free skating on the second day. ① Short program: A set of programs consisting of eight movements and connecting steps, such as jumping, rotating, joint jumping and joint rotating, that athletes must complete in 2 minutes and 40 seconds. The referee first defines the action score according to the quality and difficulty of the athletes' actions, and then evaluates the performance score according to the balance of content arrangement, the consistency of music, speed, posture and the performance of musical characteristics. Every perfect score is 6, and the sum of the two scores is the athlete's score. Those who score more are ranked first. ② Free skating: Athletes choose their own music. The man completes a set of balanced sliding movements consisting of jumping, rotating, footwork and various postures in the specified 4 minutes and 30 seconds. The referee evaluates the technical level and performance score according to the difficulty, quantity and quality, content arrangement, music coordination, posture, expression, originality and venue utilization of the athletes. The method of grading and ranking is the same as short programs.
Double skating is performed by a man and a woman. The competition was conducted in the order of double short programs and double free skating, with double short programs on the first day and double free skating on the second day. ① Two-person short program: The athletes choose their own music and complete a set of prescribed actions of the two-person short program within the prescribed time of 2 minutes and 40 seconds. Only one action is allowed, and extra actions will be deducted. The referee provides action points and performance points according to the quality and completion of athletes' movements, the arrangement of contents and the cooperation of music. ② Double free skating: The athletes choose their own music and complete a set of self-made movements within the specified 4 minutes and 30 seconds. The referee evaluates the technical level and performance score according to the athletes' difficulty, quality, action arrangement, music coordination, posture, expression, originality and venue utilization. The method of scoring and ranking is the same as single skating.
Ice dancing originated from figure skating and started in Britain in 1930s. Emphasis on dance steps, emphasizing the expression of music with movements. The first ice dance championship was held in England from 65438 to 0937, and it was listed as a separate event from 65438 to 0949. A man and a woman paired up for the competition. The competition is conducted in the order of standard dance, choreography and free dance. The first day is compulsory dance, the second day is choreography, and the third day is free dance. ① Prescribed dance: Complete the action according to the prescribed music, pattern, footwork and repetition times. There are 22 sets of dances, and the International Skating Federation will determine two sets as next year's events by drawing lots. Referees evaluate technical points and performance points according to the quality and posture of athletes' movements. 2 choreography: also known as stereotype dance. Athletes choose their own music according to the prescribed rhythm and complete a set of self-made dance steps and patterns within the prescribed time. The referee evaluates the arrangement score and performance score according to the actions completed by the athletes. ③ Free dance: The athletes choose their own music, and complete their own dance composed of footwork, lift, small jump, posture, grip, etc. within the specified 4 minutes. The referee evaluates the technical score and artistic impression score according to the quality, style and innovation of the athletes' actions. The scoring and ranking method of ice dancing is the same as that of single skating. Thank you for adopting (* _ _ *) hee hee. ...