The decline of compound surnames is closely related to the multi-ethnic integration in China's history and the simplification of a large number of compound surnames into single surnames. In the history of China, there have been several great ethnic amalgamations, such as Qin and Han Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Every national integration has promoted the cultural integration of China surnames. In the process of national integration, polysyllabic compound surnames became monosyllabic surnames, so that the compound surnames in ancient China gradually declined and naturally disappeared. For example, the famous compound surnames of Turks in history include Shu Ge and Zhuxie, and the famous compound surnames of jurchen include Wendi Khan, Oracle bones, Mantuo, Busan, Huhu, Shifa Ansa, Wole, Wozhun, Balu, Abuhan, Zhuolu, Huite, Heihan, Huilan, Shengu, Sebuli, Wugu Sun and Shidun. In the third period of multi-ethnic integration in China, that is, Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan dynasties, the most famous compound surnames of Jurchen gradually became five single surnames: Wang, Wan, Yan, Chen and Ruan. Hong Yan gradually evolved into the meaning of "king" in the old saying of Jurchen nationality. At present, there are more than 10000 Nuzhen descendants in China, including more than 5000 in Luyi County, Henan Province. They are located in Wanlou Village, Wobei Town, southeast of Luyi County, and the village head is the cemetery where their ancestors must pay attention to Hong Yan. In addition to Wanlou Village, there are also 10 natural villages in five towns, such as Mapu, Taiqing, Tan Jia and Yanghukou, and there are also villagers in Wan Yan. In addition to Luyi County, there are more than 500 people in Ruzhou, Yuzhou and other places in Henan Province. In addition, there are more than 3,000 people in Wanyan Village, Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, and more than 2,000 people in Wanyan Paifang Village, Feidong County, Anhui Province. From Yuan Dynasty to 1987, the family in Luyi County was Han nationality with a single surname of "Wan". In the early 1980s, after hearing that the People's Government of Feidong County, Anhui Province approved the request of Wanjia in Wanyan Paifang Village to change the single surname from 10,000 to 10,000, they also applied to Luyi County Government. 1987 The single surname "Wan" of the descendants of Jin Wushu in Luyi County was changed to the compound surname "Wan", and the ethnic category was changed from Han nationality to Manchu nationality. Manchu surname "Bayan" means "rich", so the compound surname "Bayan" is transformed into Chinese surname "rich"; Manchu surname "Bi"

"La" means "River", so the compound surname "Bila" is transformed into the surname "He" which is homophonic with "River"; The Manchu surname "Akzhan" means "Lei", so the descendants of the surname "Akzhan" were changed to the Han surname "Lei"; Manchu compound surname "Tong Jia" was changed to homophonic China surname "Dong"; The Manchu compound surname "Buerha" is transformed into a Chinese surname "Bu"; The transliteration of Manchu compound surname "Guaerjia" into Chinese surname "Guan". During the second period of great ethnic integration, that is, the "Northern and Southern Dynasties" era, several ethnic minorities such as Xiongnu, Xianbei, Qiang, Jie and Di successively established more than a dozen political powers in the Central Plains. These ethnic minorities from the north, collectively known as "Hu people", live and work with the Han people in the mainland. In order to create national harmony, for example, Tuoba GUI, a Xianbei nationality, established a minority regime in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After nearly a century, during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Taihe (Tuoba Yuanhong), under the impact of the people's resistance struggle of all ethnic groups, Emperor Xiaowen and his grandmother Feng Taihou adopted a series of sinicization reform measures to ease various social contradictions and consolidate the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Central Plains, so as to promote the integration of all ethnic groups. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, except TaBaHong moved to Luoyang in 493, one of the reform measures was to speak Chinese in court. In 495 (the 19th year of Taihe), Emperor Xiaowen ordered that "the court shall not use the language of Beiguan, and if there are offenders, the official shall be removed". Another cloud says, "If you want to break the northern languages today, you want to start with accent (Chinese). More than 30 years old, long accustomed to, can't afford to die; People under the age of 30 who meet in court still don't listen to language. If there is a reason, you should be demoted. Everyone should take a warning. Only by learning step by step can weathering be new. " Emperor Xiaowen also strongly advocated Hanfu, speaking Chinese, forbidding Hu Fu and breaking Hu Yu. While the language and costumes were sinicized, Emperor Xiaowen issued a decree to determine the surname family, advocating that Xianbei compound surnames be changed into monosyllabic Chinese surnames with similar sounds or meanings. It is only listed separately in Shu Wei Guanshi Records, that is, 1 14 Xianbei compound surname is changed to Han nationality single surname. In the eighteenth year of Taihe (AD 494), Emperor Xiaowen changed Tuoba's family to yuanshi county County, and Emperor Xiaowen himself took the lead in changing Tuoba's family to Yuan's family, posing as the orthodox Han Dynasty. Other compound surnames, such as Pu Nai's surname Zhou, Qiu Dun's surname Qiu, Qiu Muling's surname Mu, Bu Liugu's surname Lu, He Lai's surname He, Gu Gai's surname Liu, and so on. The word "Tuoba", according to the preface to Wei Shu, Tuoba is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, and "the Yellow Emperor takes soil as the king, and the north is commonly known as soil as the branch, which is called postscript, so he thinks it is the surname". In fact, the purpose of determining the surname is to ensure the political status of Xianbei nobles and gradually integrate with Han families, so that Hu and Han rulers can further eliminate barriers, strengthen unity and form a marriage under the family system. In Yuan Dynasty, there were mainly Liu, Wang, Li, Huang, Xiao, Zheng, Jiang and Yang in Qidan.