1933 When the Kuomintang "encircled" the Central Soviet Area, it cooperated with Italy to build an aircraft factory in Nanchang. Later, the Kuomintang fled to Taiwan Province Province, and the People's Liberation Army took over more than 30 sets of equipment, more than 40,000 square meters of factories and office buildings, and1500m long airstrip.

So the central government set up another factory, nicknamed "320", which was called "Hongdu Machinery Factory" in foreign exchange. At the same time, the "Jiangxi Technical Workers Training School" was opened in Nanchang, with the first batch of 1 000 students. They study theory in the morning and practice in the factory in the afternoon, and train technicians as quickly as possible to meet the urgent needs of the factory.

The first batch of students in the technical school originally planned to study for two years. Because of the shortage of technicians in Factory 320, students graduated one year ahead of schedule.

1953, the aircraft construction officially kicked off. China's technicians began to repair five models of American imperialists and more than 400 planes laid by the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in the factory, and the PLA experienced three major battles.

Hundreds of planes purchased by the Kuomintang from the United States, Italy, Germany, Britain, France and other countries. By the end of 1952, the factory had completed the task of repairing 148 aircraft and successfully trial-produced 38 main components.

1953, 320 factory began to try to change from repair to manufacturing, and produced a kind of transition machine, then called No.320, which was an imitation model of Jacques-18. 1 954 On April1day, No.320 Factory was allowed to produce China's Chujiao -5 aircraft in advance.

At that time, the central government asked the factory to advance the plan of 1955 to the summer of 1954. Time is tight, the task is heavy, the technical requirements are high, and there are many difficulties. Everyone forgets their work. The design department spent more than 20 kilograms of white paper to describe 17 systems and 1067 drawings.

Every workshop held a huge challenge competition, with three shifts around the clock, so that people stopped the machine, and many employees did not leave the production line for more than 30 hours. After overcoming thousands of technical difficulties, the prototype of the plane finally came out.

May 1954, 12, the full static test of beginner teaching 5 was a complete success. After final assembly and debugging, the plane can finally be delivered for test flight. On June 30th, 02 aircraft officially made a test flight. It took only 57 days for the first plane in New China to be put into trial production from parts to now.

15 At 5 pm on July 3, the scorching sun began to set in the west, and the first aircraft made an epoch-making intense test flight in a state of strict confidentiality. The airport of 320 Factory is empty, only a few leading comrades, expert leaders and designers are sitting in the stands, and the employees of the whole factory are standing outside their own workshops and departments to watch.

The pilot Duan and Diao Jiaping boarded the homemade plane, took off slowly, moderately and quickly, then suddenly took off and rushed into the clouds with their heads held high. People saw the plane rumbling like an eagle hovering in the blue sky.

After flight tests such as climbing, diving, somersault, tumbling and stall spin, the pilot extended his head to greet people on the ground, indicating that the flight test was a complete success. The staff of the whole factory immediately gave warm applause at different posts.

After descending from far and near, the plane landed slowly and accurately. The pilot said excitedly, "The parts have good performance and the test flight is smooth." The first plane of New China was born gloriously in No.320 Factory, which was a great event that shocked China and foreign countries.

In order to stand the test, the factory department decided to conduct a one-week test flight. So, from the next day to the end of 1 1, we secretly flew over the factory for more than 13 hours, about 2 hours at a time. The results once again prove that the quality of the aircraft is good and fully meets the design requirements.

Baidu Encyclopedia-China's first homemade plane