Nian Gengyao, born during the reign of Kangxi and Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, was a scholar. He is the governor of Sichuan, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the general of Fuyuan. He was also awarded the titles of Pacific Insurance Company, first-class public official and senior official. He strategized and galloped on the battlefield. He cooperated with various armies to pacify the chaos in Tibet, led the Qing army to pacify Lop Nur, a major Tibetan independence town in Qinghai, and made great achievements. In the second year of Yongzheng, he received special treatment from Yong Zhengdi in Beijing. He is really a great priest. However, in the following year, 65438+February, the situation changed suddenly. He was deprived of his official position by Yong Zhengdi, listed as 92 counts, and committed suicide. Nian Gengyao's younger sister is Fujin around Yin _, who became the imperial concubine after Yongzheng acceded to the throne. Nian Gengyao's wife is the daughter of Su Yan, an assistant to the imperial history.
Because of the heavy military affairs, Nian Gengyao is a general, a governor, a Pacific insurance company, and a first-class public, which is called infinite scenery. At the same time, I have accumulated great wealth for myself. In the third year of Yongzheng, the pyramid of power and wealth that Nian Gengyao painstakingly managed for more than 20 years collapsed. Yongzheng worked from the first month to the twelfth month and finally defeated the big tiger in the army. "After decades of hard work, I went back to before liberation overnight." Nian Gengyao's fate was worse than this. He destroyed himself and committed suicide.
What did this big tiger do in the army? The first is the promotion and appointment of cadres, that is, buying and selling officials and promoting in violation of regulations. Help people get promoted and get 400 thousand silver dollars; In addition, his younger brother Nian Fayao, his secretary and his staff all pretended to be troops, and he was promoted to a knight. He also accepted millions of other bribes, excluding jewelry and other luxuries. As for corruption, its quantity is even more worrying. Falsely reported the military expenditure of more than 3 million yuan, and embezzled the wages of cadres and workers 1.52 million yuan. If the amount of corruption and bribery is converted into RMB, it will exceed 2 billion yuan. There is nothing wrong with saying that he is a big tiger in the army.
Before the incident, Nian Gengyao was busy transferring and hiding illegal gains and installed more than 200 cars. Rolling the wheel, he traveled all over the country, north and south of the great river, up and down the Yellow River, important places in the capital, and his golden caves in Tibet were everywhere. In addition, khufu is also keen on investing in real estate, including houses and land. He owns 30,000 mu of land in Zhili and 1000 houses, which have become places where he hides his illegal income. His property in Baoding alone has more than 50,000 taels of silver, more than 300 kilograms of gold and silver jewelry and hundreds of big bags.
Historians' words: the Qing Dynasty embezzled 40 taels and was sentenced to death; Taking bribes, bending the law by 80 taels, not bending the law 120 taels, sentenced to death with a suspended execution. In this way, the old tiger died, and Yongzheng just showed the kindness of the emperor, sympathized with the veteran and gave him a chance to commit suicide.
However, Nian Gengyao did make great contributions in history?
Nian Gengyao in history
Although Nian Gengyao is famous for his martial arts, he has learned something since he was a child and is very talented. Kangxi was a scholar in the thirty-ninth year and was soon appointed as a bachelor of Hanlin. Hanlin Academy is known as "Jade Hall and Clear Water Land". The officials of Jishi Shu Hospital have always been the best scholars among the Han people, and it is really remarkable that Nian Gengyao can be among them. In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi, Nian Gengyao obtained a bachelor's degree in cabinet, and soon became the governor and provincial government of Sichuan. According to Yong Lu Xian in Qing Dynasty, Nian Gengyao was less than 30 years old at this time. Nian Gengyao appreciated Kangxi's special appreciation and promotion. In the memorial, he said that he was "humble and generous for three generations" and must "try his best to repay the kindness". After taking office, Nian Gengyao quickly became familiar with the general situation of Sichuan Province and put forward many measures to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages. He set an example and refused to accept the festival ceremony. "He is willing to be indifferent and never take sides." Kangxi had high hopes for him and hoped that he would "stick to it forever and be a good official".
Later, in the war of defeating Tan, the leader of Junggar Department, in Tibet, Nian Gengyao once again showed his outstanding talent in order to ensure the logistics supply of the Qing army. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi, Nian Gengyao was appointed as the governor of Sichuan, in charge of governor affairs and leading the army and the people. In the 60th year of Kangxi, Nian Gengyao went to Beijing to reign. Kangxi gave him a bow and arrow, promoted him to be the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and became an important minister of West Shu. In September this year, a local rebellion occurred in Guoluo Prefecture, Qinghai Province. At the same time of frontal attack, Nian Gengyao used the contradiction between local tribal chiefs and the policy of "attacking every enemy" to quickly put down the rebellion. Kangxi 6 1 year 1 1 month, Fu Yuan and General Bei Ziyin were recalled to Beijing, and Nian Gengyao was appointed to jointly manage military affairs with Yan Xin and take charge of the seal for Fu Yuan.
Become the confidant minister of Nian Gengyao Yongzheng.
After Yongzheng acceded to the throne, Nian Gengyao was highly dependent, and Long Keduo was called Yongzheng's right-hand man. Langkeduo is Yin _' s mother-in-law. He worked for Yin for many years before he succeeded to the throne. There is no need to say how close they are. In May of the first year of Yongzheng, Yongzheng issued an imperial edict: "If there is a place to send troops to transport grain, please ask the frontier defense minister and the governor of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Yunnan to mention the town. According to Nian Gengyao. " In this way, Nian Gengyao was in charge of all the affairs in West Shu, and actually became the confidant of Yongzheng in the front line of West Shu. His power status is actually higher than that of Fuyuan General Yan Xin and other governors. Yongzheng also warned local officials in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan to stick to Nian Gengyao. In the same year 10, Tenzin Uprising took place in Qinghai. The situation in Qinghai suddenly became chaotic and war broke out in Xiqiao. Yongzheng ordered Nian Gengyao to take over as General Fuyuan, and commanded Xining to counter the rebellion.
At the beginning of the second year of Yongzheng, when the final stage of the war came, Nian Gengyao ordered the generals to "go their separate ways". Troops from all walks of life braved the snowstorm and traveled day and night, quickly sweeping away the remnants of the enemy. Faced with this sudden attack, the rebels collapsed. Rob Zandankin only led more than 200 people to flee hastily. The Qing army pursued Wulanbuke, captured Rob Zandanjin's mother and another rebel leader alive, bombed Lakno mutch, and captured all the people and livestock. Rob Zan daniel king escaped by himself because he disguised himself as a woman to meet Cherie Alha botham. The battle lasted only 15 days, and the army swept the enemy camp with lightning speed, plowing the fields and sweeping the caves, and won a great victory. Nian Gengyao, known as the "General of the Year", shocked Xiqiao and won a good reputation in the ruling and opposition circles.
Yongzheng was overjoyed at the success of pacifying the Qinghai War, so he gave Nian Gengyao a special reward: before that, Nian Gengyao was awarded the third class merit and the second class merit successively for his military work in pacifying Tibet and Guoluoke Banner. This time, he passed the exam and was promoted to first class.
Nian Gengyao not only monopolized the power on all issues related to the West, but also was ordered to directly participate in government affairs. He has the right to report to Yongzheng, explaining the advantages and disadvantages of internal and external officials, the advantages and disadvantages of official management, and the people's livelihood of the country concerned. He also often participates in the negotiation and decision-making of major events between China and North Korea. For example, as early as the last years of Kangxi, officials put forward the proposal of abandoning envy and returning to the public.
Nian Gengyao also mentioned it, but was reprimanded by Kangxi, but failed. After Yongzheng came to power, Shaanxi Governor Nuo Min and others actively participated in the implementation, and there were different opinions in the ruling and opposition parties. In this case, Yongzheng specifically asked Nian Gengyao's opinion: "I have not handled this matter thoroughly, and it is difficult to distinguish right from wrong. I will discuss it with you. " what do you think? The Law Museum revised the laws and regulations. Yongzheng read these laws and regulations and sent them to Nian Gengyao for revision.
In the winter of the second year of Yongzheng, before Nian Gengyao went to Beijing for an audience, Yongzheng ordered local officials from various provinces to gather in Beijing. Cai Shen, the governor of Sichuan, put forward different opinions on issues that could not be discussed with him, and Yongzheng also asked his advice. Therefore, Yongzheng put Nian Gengyao's position above other governors in order to make his political views play a decisive role.
On the appointment and removal of important officials and personnel arrangements, Yongzheng often consulted Nian Gengyao and gave him great power. In the areas under the jurisdiction of Nian Gengyao, civil and military officials, large and small, are appointed according to the opinions of the people. In April of the first year, Yongzheng appointed Fan Shijie as the governor of Shaanxi, and soon wanted to change the title to true. He transferred the former governor to assistant minister of the Ministry of War, and Yongzheng discussed the appointment with him in 2006. On another occasion, when Yongzheng arranged Wu Zhi's officials, he asked Nian Gengyao if he was willing to transfer Shaanxi officials to other provinces, and asked him to "do what I say" with the words "Are you willing to give up". Yongzheng often asked officials outside Sichuan and Shaanxi for advice. Once the position in Kaigui Island is vacant, Yongzheng may be appointed as "I can't remember who it is", so he discussed his candidate with Nian Gengyao. On another occasion, Yongzheng heard that General He Tianpei of Jingkou had different opinions, and asked Nian Gengyao if he had heard of it, hoping that he would decide whether to stay or not according to the facts. Nian Gengyao, the governor of Zhili, was unable to bear the heavy responsibility of the governor, and Yongzheng ousted Zhao. Gannan company commanders, the court recommended Song, Nian Gengyao said he was incompetent. Please make up with Huang Qixian. Yongzheng adopted Nian Gengyao's suggestion.
After Qinghai was pacified, Yongzheng wrote in Nian Gengyao's memorial Zhu Pi: "I know from your true feelings that I miss you very much and have something to discuss with you." During his visit to Beijing, Nian Gengyao cooperated with Prime Minister March and Roncaido in military affairs. Yongzheng also asked him to "convey the will and write the imperial edict" because he "can convey my words". Nian Gengyao became prime minister.
Yongzheng had a good personal relationship with Nian Gengyao, and he was awarded a special honor. Yongzheng thought it was his luck to have an official like Nian Gengyao. If there were more than a dozen people like him, the country would not worry about poor governance. After pacifying the rebellion in Qinghai, Yongzheng was very excited and regarded Nian as a "benefactor". He knew it was against the supreme system, but he couldn't help saying it.
In order to inherit Nian Gengyao's evaluation for a long time, Yongzheng also asked Nian Gengyao's great achievements to be passed down from generation to generation, otherwise it would not be his descendants and subjects:
Not only will I be rewarded as soon as possible, but my descendants and subjects from all over the world will also be happy together. If you cheat a little, you are not my descendant; A little disloyal. That's not my theme.
Only through people's attitude towards Nian Gengyao can we judge whether it is correct or not.
At this point, Yongzheng's love for Nian Gengyao is hard to see, and Nian Gengyao's demeanor is unmatched by the ancients. In October of the second year of Yongzheng, Nian Gengyao came to Beijing.
Yongzheng cared about Nian Gengyao and his family all his life. Nian Gengyao's wrist and arm are sick, and so is his wife. Yongzheng repeatedly asked and gave medicine. Yongzheng often talked about his father in Beijing, Nian Gengyao's younger sister, and the physical condition of her Prince Fu Hui. As for rare treasures and delicious food, rewards happen from time to time. Litchi Nian Gengyao was once given. In order to ensure its delicious taste, Yongzheng ordered the post office to send it from the capital to Xi within 6 days. This reward can be compared with the litchi given to Yang Guifei by Emperor Tang Ming.
Yongzheng was proud of Nian Gengyao and hoped that they could learn from each other. He said to Nian:
I am not a good emperor, I can't reward you for me; You are not a senior minister. You can't promise me to meet him. Reading is an eternal example.
At this time, Nian Gengyao was ambitious, completely indulged in being favored, and did many things beyond the scope of his duties, which eventually led to Yongzheng's vigilance and jealousy and ruin.
How did Nian Gengyao die? [/s2/]
In March of the third year of Yongzheng, the so-called "auspicious day" appeared. Ministers have congratulated, Nian Gengyao also congratulated Yongzheng sleepless night. However, the handwriting on the table is scrawled. At that time, I accidentally spelled "working at night" as "working at night". Yongzheng grasped this point and said that Nian Gengyao was not a careless person. This time, he deliberately did not say the words "in my ear". He also thinks that this is his "self-reliance and disrespect", so his meritorious service in Qinghai is "between my permission and prohibition". Yongzheng replaced officials from Sichuan and Shaanxi, first relieved Hu, the governor of Gansu, who was closely related to Nian Gengyao, and transferred back to Beijing as the acting magistrate of Sichuan, so that he could no longer serve because of the crisis. In April, Nian Gengyao was removed from the post of Governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and ordered to hand over Fuyuan general print and be transferred to Hangzhou General.
The last step is to order Nian Gengyao to commit suicide. After Nian Gengyao was handed over, officials at home and abroad had a better understanding of the situation and exposed his crimes one after another. Yongzheng tried to lower Nian Gengyao's official position in the name of obeying the demands of ministers. In September of the same year, Nian Gengyao was ordered to be captured alive and taken back to Beijing for joint trial. In February 65438, ministers submitted the trial results to Yongzheng, listing 92 major crimes committed by Nian Gengyao and demanding that they be punished. These crimes are as follows: 5 serious violation, 9 deception, 16 aggression, 13 madness, 6 special crimes, 6 taboos, 4 cruelty, 18 greed and 15 erosion.
Yongzheng said that more than 30 of these 92 paragraphs were to be executed and beheaded. But considering Nian Gengyao's achievements and reputation, the reputation of "General Nian" is famous all over the country. If he is punished, I'm afraid people all over the world will not accept it, and he will inevitably bear the notoriety of ending and killing heroes. So he said he was kind and gave him the prison to commit suicide. Nian Gengyao's father, brother and official were dismissed, and their first son and daughter sent troops to expel them, and their property was confiscated to the officials. The all-powerful general ended in destruction.