People's Republic of China (PRC)'s space industry began in the late 1950s. Since1April 24, 970, China's first artificial satellite, Dongfanghong-1, has been successfully launched. By the beginning of 2005, China had successfully launched more than 40 artificial satellites. At the end of 2003, China's "Shenzhou 5" spacecraft sent China's first astronaut Yang Liwei into space, marking that China became the third country to successfully send a man into space.

A brief history of China's space development

195610/KLOC-0 On 8 October, China secretly established the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense (referred to as the Laowuyuan for short), code-named 0038 troops. The institute is headed by Qian Xuesen, whose duty is to overcome the technical difficulties of long-range missiles.

1960165438+1On October 5th, China's first homemade missile "1059" was successfully launched.

1970 On April 24th, the first man-made earth satellite Dongfanghong-1 was successfully launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site, and China became the fifth country in the world to launch a satellite.

65438+1 September, 1973 10, China failed to launch a satellite with Storm 1 carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Site. This is China's first failed satellite launch.

1975165438+1October 26th, China's first recoverable earth satellite was successfully launched and returned three days later, making China the third country in the world to master the satellite return technology.

19821June 12, the submarine successfully launched the launch vehicle underwater, and the recovery cabin splashed down in the scheduled sea area accurately.

1 On April 7, 1990, China launched the American-made Asian communication satellite1into the predetermined orbit by the Long March III carrier rocket in xichang satellite launch center, which was the first successful launch for foreign users.

1992, China shenzhou spaceship manned spaceflight project was included in the national development plan.

1996 February 15, China failed to launch "International Star 7A" with the Long March 3B rocket in xichang satellite launch center. China failed to launch a foreign satellite for the first time.

1999165438+1On October 20th, China's first unmanned experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou-1" was successfully launched in Jiuquan, and landed in the recycling yard in central Inner Mongolia 2 1 hour later.

China successfully launched three navigation test satellites-Beidou navigation test satellite 1a, 1b and 1c on June 5438+00, February 10 and May 25, 2003. Beidou navigation satellite system, which belongs to this system, was put into operation at the end of 20001.

On June 5th, 2003+10/At 9: 00 am on October 5th, 2003, the "Shenzhou 5" spacecraft was launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket at Jiuquan Space Launch Center. After the spacecraft circled the Earth 14 times in space, the return capsule was in Inner Mongolia at 6: 23 on June+10/October 16, 65438.

At 9 am on June 2, 2005, the Shenzhou VI spacecraft was launched with two Chinese astronauts Fei and Nie Haisheng.

medium - and long - term plans

After mastering manned space technology, China Aerospace will solve the docking technology of spacecraft. Establishing a space laboratory in space; Then a 20-ton space station was built.

China's first lunar exploration program "Chang 'e Project" was launched.

Competent unit: China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

China Aerospace Electromechanical Group Company

Organizer: Aerospace Information Center

Editor: China Aerospace Editorial Department

China serial number: cn11-3630/v.

The brilliant achievements of China's space science and technology and the broad prospects of China's space development are introduced.