During the crime, the murderer repeatedly wrote to the relevant units to provoke, but never fell into the French Open. Its bold criminal methods were repeatedly exaggerated by the media, which caused panic in British society at that time. He is still one of the most notorious killers in European and American cultures.
locale of a crime
The location of the ripper's crime is concentrated near Whitechapel in East London. It was a famous immigrant distribution center at that time, and tens of thousands of immigrants from Russia and Eastern Europe settled here. Because of the meager income, it has long been a hotbed of poverty and crime, and homeless hooligans and prostitutes live on the streets. Although Scotland Yard has established a city-wide patrol network in 1829, the weak police force is still unable to bear the security of the East District where tens of thousands of prostitutes haunt every night.
Criminal technology
It was in the 1990s, that is, 0/00 years after the serial killings in Whitechapel, that people got a more comprehensive understanding of Jack's modus operandi. So we can infer many characteristics of Jack:
First of all, he must have a considerable knowledge of anatomy.
B, considering the environment at that time (outdoor, basically no lighting, I have to be alert to the surrounding situation at any time, extremely tense time), Jack must be a skilled knife user.
C, all the victims were stabbed from right to left by a knife, which means that Jack is probably left-handed or skilled in using knives with both hands. This speculation indirectly indicates that Jack is probably an experienced doctor or anatomist.
D, it's possible that Jack didn't do it alone. This inference is widely accepted by "royal conspiracy theorists", but there is no evidence that Jack has an accomplice.
E, Jack must be a man with some physical strength.
The last one became the main flaw of the "Royal Conspiracy Theory". William Gul, a suspect in the royal conspiracy theory, is thought to have been over 70 years old when he committed the crime. Such an old man, no matter how good his anatomical skills are, his physical strength does not allow him to carry out such a laborious murder.
A serial murder in Whitechapel
The first message sent by the murderer suspect is "Dear Boss"1On August 7, 888, a female body was found in Whitechapel in the East District. The deceased was a middle-aged prostitute, Martha Tabram, who was stabbed 39 times, 9 of which went through her throat. At 3: 45 am on August 3 1 of the same year, another prostitute, Mary Ann Nichols, was found dead in Bucks Row near Whitechapel at the age of 43. Not only was her face bruised, some front teeth fell off and her neck was cut twice. But the most cruel thing is that the abdomen was cut open, the intestines were dragged out, and the vulva was seriously stabbed by a sharp knife.
Because there are few murders near the church, these two cases and several previous murders have attracted public attention, and some media even called them "Whitechapel murders" and thought that the same murderer had done them. This vivid description caused panic among local residents, so the police sent more plainclothes detectives to patrol here, and local residents also organized patrols to maintain law and order. This makes people believe that such cases will not be repeated.
Jack the Ripper
Unexpectedly, eight days later, at 5: 45 am on September 8, an old driver living at No.29 Hanbury Street found a female body in the back fence of his cheap hotel-style apartment. The deceased was 47-year-old prostitute Anne Chapman. Like the previous victims, her throat was cut, her abdomen was cut, her intestines were left on her right shoulder, and part of her uterus and abdomen were cut off by the murderer. He had obvious ligature marks on his neck. It is said that he called for help before he died, but he ignored it. Because it was the first time that the murderer committed a crime near the house, it was still close to 5 am, but there was no obvious noise. This case became the most famous case committed by the murderer who will be called the Ripper in the future.
On September 27th, the Central News Agency received a letter written in red ink, covered with handprints and signed "Jack the Ripper". In the letter, he joked that he was the murderer of prostitutes and claimed that he would continue to kill more prostitutes before he was arrested. Since this letter begins with "Dear Boss", it will be called the first letter sent by the murderer in the future.
At one o'clock in the morning on September 30th, a coachman found the body of Elizabeth Strede near her home. Unlike the first two victims, the 44-year-old Swedish prostitute died of excessive blood loss from the left carotid artery. Although her throat was cut, she did not have a laparotomy. Because of the different modus operandi, some people suspect that the murderer in this case is not directly related to the first two murders by caesarean section.
When a large number of police arrived at Elizabeth Staade's morgue, Catherine Eddowes, a 46-year-old prostitute, was found dead in Mitte Square at around 1 45 am. In addition to being cut throat and laparotomy, the intestines were thrown to the right chest, and some uterus and kidneys were deprived. Since the patrol police claimed that there was nothing unusual here at 1 30, it was inferred that the deceased was killed between 1 30 and 1 45, and his abdomen was cut open. The killer's neat modus operandi made most people think that he might be a professional surgeon.
At three o'clock in the morning, a policeman searching for a suspect found a bloodstained dress near Gaszton Street, which was identified as part of the apron worn by Kathleen Erdos. On the high wall near where the clothes fell, a line written in chalk by the suspected murderer was found: "Jews are not a nation willing to be resented!" " ("Zhu Wei people will not be hacked for no reason") But another policeman remembers that "Zhu Wei people will not be hacked for no reason". Later, police chief Thomas Arnold visited the scene and read the news. He was afraid that the graffiti on the wall would be seen by passers-by after dawn, but it aroused anti-Semitic feelings and ordered it to be erased on the spot.
The last victim
The next day, 10, 1, the Central News Agency received another postcard with the words written in red ink. In the letter, the writer called himself "saucy Jacky" and mentioned that he planned to "do two more things the next day"-generally believed to be two murders of Elizabeth Stade and Kathleen Erdos in the early morning of September 30th. In addition, the author mentioned that he planned to cut off the dead man's ear and send it to the police, which was similar to the case where the external ear of Kathleen Erdos was damaged. Finally, the writer left the generic name of "Jack the Ripper". In the future, this letter will be called "Saucy Jacky" by the author.
10 On June 5438+05, a letter sent to the Whitechapel Alert Committee spontaneously formed by residents around Whitechapel once again attracted everyone's attention. There is half a kidney in this letter, which is written in black ink. The screenwriter claimed to be "from hell" and said that this kidney was taken from "a certain woman" (generally thought to be Catherine Erdos), and half of it was fried and eaten by him. Different from the first two letters, this letter has no signature, and people will name it with "from hell". Compared with the first two letters, it is generally believed that this letter is most likely written by the murderer himself.
165438+1October 9, a landlord in Dorset Street sent an assistant to Mary Jane Kelly's room to collect six weeks' unpaid rent, but found the 25-year-old young prostitute dead in bed from the window: she was naked, with ligature marks on her neck, her chest and abdomen cut off, and her face, ears, nose and breasts were also cut off. It is said that she was cut off. One neighbor claimed that Kelly was alive at 8: 30 last night, that is,165438+1October 8 (although her description of Kelly's appearance was not completely correct), and another neighbor claimed that she heard a miserable female scream around 4 am that day. But what is certain is that Kelly appeared in the bar at 10 the night before the body was found.
After the murder of Mary Jane Kelly, Jack the Ripper seems to have disappeared: there is no similar murder method in London, and the media's interest in this murder has gradually faded. However, the police mobilized a lot of manpower, but failed to solve the case, which was criticized by people from all walks of life in Britain, including Queen Victoria, and led to changes in the top management of the police. 1892, the police announced that they would stop investigating the serial murders in Whitechapel.
victim
The identified victims are all middle-and lower-class prostitutes, except Mary Jane Kelly, who are middle-aged but have no fixed residence. The victims were all killed in secret or semi-secret places, and most of them were drunk before they died. The body of the deceased showed that the victim's throat was cut and his abdomen was often cut open after death. Some victims were even cut off by the murderer. Nowadays, many people think that the victims were strangled in the first place in case they called for help. The internal organs of some bodies were taken out, and according to the wounds on the bodies, the murder weapon was thought to be a knife as sharp as a scalpel, so it was inferred that the murderer had considerable surgical and medical skills and might be a doctor or a butcher.
Mary Ann Nicholas
My maiden name is Mary Ann Walker, nicknamed Polly. Born on August 26th 1845, died on Friday, August 26th 1888.
Anne Chapman
My maiden name is Eliza Ann Smith, nicknamed "Black Anne". 184 1 was born in September and 1888 died on Saturday, September 8th.
Elizabeth Stade
Her maiden name is Elizabeth Gustas Dot, and her nickname is "Long Leeds". 1843165438+1Born in Sweden on October 27th, 1888 was killed on Sunday.
Katherine aldous.
The former aliases "Kate Conway" and "Mary Ann Kelly" came from husbands Thomas Conway and John Kelly who were married according to common law. 1842 was born in April of 14, and 1888 was killed on September 30th.
Mary Jane Kelly
After a trip to Paris, she called herself "Mary Janet Kelly" and was nicknamed "Jiang". It is said that 1863 was born in limerick or Limerick, Mü nster, and/kloc-0 was killed on Friday, October 9th.
doubt
Although Jack the Ripper has attracted the attention of the whole world, so far, there is no clear evidence that the murderer is a specific person. On the contrary, with the passage of time and the increase of researchers, more and more suspects were recognized by everyone, and their identities were all over London at that time; On the contrary, those suspects who are traditionally considered to be the most suspected are gradually cleared after more information is released. Here, the well-known suspects will be listed.
The following are the suspects that the police think are likely to be Jack the Ripper (but please note that there is no evidence to prove that they are):
Montague John Du Lide (1857.8.15—1888.12.438+0).
After obtaining the lawyer status, he worked as a teacher in a private school for a long time from 188 1 to18881to show his position. Besides, he is also a famous athlete and amateur cricketer. For some unknown reason,18888165438+1October 19 was last seen in a school in Blackheath and was declared missing two days later. His body was found floating on the Thames. The results of the examination showed that his body had sunk to the bottom of the river for several weeks because of putting a big stone in his pocket. Therefore, the police concluded that he drowned himself in frustration. Because the time of his disappearance and death was not far from the fifth murder, and the murder did not happen after his death, many investigators thought he was the ripper at that time. However, recent research shows that between Kelly's murder and death, he served as a legal representative in court, and according to court records, he also argued about his seat for a long time. Some people think that this refutes the statement that Du Lide had a nervous breakdown after Kelly's case, and in Sir Melville McNagden's memo, this is the first document that Du Lide was suspected, and the lawyer was mistaken for a doctor, and it was further inferred that Detective Frederick Eberlin suspected that Du Lide was seriously suspected.
Severin Antonovic Clo Soschi.
The pen name is Chapman, but it has nothing to do with the victim Anne Chapman. He was born in Kassov, Apollo, but was named Chapman when he came to England. He lived in London at that time. He is a violent man and may have some medical knowledge. Later, he was hanged for the exact crime of poisoning three women. He was once a suspect that Frederick Avery thought was the most likely murderer.
Aaron Cosminschi (1864 or 1865— 19 19).
A member of the Jewish community in London,1891February, was sent to a mental sanatorium for treatment. He was listed as one of the suspects in the memo of police chief Maiwei McNadine on the grounds that he looked like "the man seen by the London patrol" near Bishop's Square (this statement can only be found in this document. Some researchers think that McNader really refers to Joseph Lowenday, a witness of the London police, but others have come up with another explanation: there is no authoritative information to show that anyone appeared near the square that night. Assistant Sheriff robert anderson and Detective Inspector Donald Svencen both declared that "only people with good eyesight can see the murderer." Although there are many statements, this may refer to the witness israel Schwartz. However, they claimed that it was impossible to prosecute because witnesses were unwilling to give evidence against Jews. Svencen mentioned in the margin of the report that this man was Kominski, and added that his brother's home was next to the London Police Station in Whitechapel. He was sent to a mental hospital with his hands tied behind his back and died soon. The last two details about Kominski are incorrect because he lived to 19 19. His symptoms of insanity include auditory hallucinations, fear of being eaten by others and refusal to wash and dress. In the yard, he was described as a harmless figure, even though he once waved a chair at the waiter in the yard. In recent years, most researchers believe that he will be included in the suspect list, and the anti-Semitic plot at the time of the murder is more influential than the correlation between his symptoms and the case.
Michael Ostrog (1833— 1904? )
Professional liar, alias, disguise. He was listed as a suspect by the new police officer on 1889, that is, the victim of the "true five case" was killed the next year, but the researchers could not find evidence that he had committed more serious cases than theft and fraud. In fact, the record shows that the ripper was serving his sentence in a French prison at the time of the crime, which seems to be an unshakable alibi. He was last mentioned in 1904.
John Pizer (1850— 1897)
Pisa is a Polish Jew who lives near Whitechapel. He is engaged in shoemaking. William? Sergeant William Steff once brought him back for questioning. Singh obviously thinks that Pi Zha knows "Leather Apron", a local who is famous for attacking prostitutes. When the Whitechapel serial murder happened, many residents thought that the "fur apron" was the murderer. However, his suspicion was finally cleared, because when a group of policemen talked about the series of murders in the London pier fire, Pisa claimed that Singh had known him for several years, suggesting that he was arrested by Singh out of malice and lack of evidence.
"Dr. Francis Domberty" (about1833-1903).
It seems that he is an uneducated or self-taught American. He pretended to be a professional doctor and traveled all over the United States and Canada, occasionally going to Europe to do the same thing. He considers himself a condescending woman and often associates death with his patients, although he is not sure whether it is intentional or unintentional. Francis was arrested in England on 1888, 1 1.7 on the grounds of "being accused of indecent behavior", which was obviously aimed at his preference for homosexual sex. 1 16 years 10 months 16 days was released on bail pending trial. He fled to the countryside on June 24th while awaiting trial 165438+ prepared to go to France. Some people thought that he could commit the murder of Mary Jane Kelly (165438+1October 9) in time after he got out of prison, and then he was arrested. The news of his arrest made some people think that he was the ripper, because there were many notorious fraud cases in America. Whether he is a killer or just a weirdo with improper suspicion is still controversial. Tablett was considered as a suspect. Many years after the murder, a London policeman mentioned this in a letter to reporters, but no one knew that the policeman was directly involved in the investigation of the Ripper case. However, the statement that Scotland Yard sent police to the United States at 1888 to try to bring Talbright back is still controversial in recent years.
Related works and works
? The American novel From Hell was released in 2003, directed by allen hughes and albert hughes. Starring Depp.
? "Black Jack the Ripper Case Closing Report", written by Patricia? Conway, ISBN 98678967 18
? Detective Conan Movie Edition: Ghost of Baker Street, Japanese animation, released in 2002.
? Detective Academy Animation Q: Words 8 to 1 1
? Beauty advertising company: Princess Soft Text: Kobayashi Dianren Design: Cheng.
? Cain, Poison Counting: Volume IV, Carving Red Sheep.
? Lulu: Opera, composed by Berger. In the last scene, Jack appeared and murdered Lulu.
? Deacon Black: Jack the Ripper
? Soul eaters: episode 1
? Mini-drama: Whitechapel Bloody Case: (Whitechapel), TV Station: ITV 1, UK. First broadcast time: February 2, 2009.
? The release date of From Hell: 2006 54 38+0 08 September, with the rating of R (violence and pornography).
? One Hundred Years of Solitude in Jack the Ripper was translated by Teru Shimada Sushi and Guo Qinghua.
? The message from the body angel to Jack the Ripper was duplicated 18.
? Who the hell is the devil? Director: John Eyre
? Tenant: The Story of London Fog
"Jack the Ripper" Identity Cracking
Legend has it that in the19th century, a villain named "Jack the Ripper" killed many street prostitutes in the East End of London by cruel means. Due to the backward criminal investigation technology at that time, the case has been confusing, with dozens of suspects' names. After years of research, andrew cook, a British historian, recently concluded in his new book Jack the Ripper: Closing the Case that this legendary serial killer is completely fictional.
The Ripper is a century-old unsolved case.
It is reported that from August to September in 1888, five street prostitutes were brutally killed in Whitechapel, East London. These victims' lower abdomen was cut open with random knives, and some people were even eviscerated and scattered at the crime scene. At that time, the London media caught the gangster's crime and nicknamed him "Jack the Ripper". It is said that "Jack the Ripper" is so arrogant that he even sent threatening letters to the police many times.
According to the death characteristics of several victims, the police concluded that the murderer was probably left-handed, strong, skilled in using knives and familiar with anatomical knowledge. However, due to the low criminal investigation technology at that time, the British police have not been able to find out the identity of the murderer.
Churchill's fathers were all "suspects"
It is reported that among dozens of suspects, lewis carroll, the author of Alice in Wonderland, the best-selling children's book in Britain, Prince Albert Victor, the grandson of Queen Victoria, and Randolph Churchill, the father of British Prime Minister Churchill are the most famous. In 2002, Patricia Cornwall, an American woman writer, wrote a novel called Mystery-A Portrait of a Black Man after more than a year's investigation and study, and preliminarily concluded that Walter Richard Sickert, a British impressionist painter, was the "Ripper" named Jack.
In 2006, Australian biomolecular scientist Ian Findlay announced that she had analyzed that Jack the Ripper was actually a daughter through new DNA testing technology! Many provocative letters written by Jack the Ripper to the police in the19th century are still preserved in the British National Archives. When Professor Findlay examined these letters, he found a little withered skin cells and a little blood on the seal of one of them. So, Findlay took this letter back to Australia, analyzed it with his own genetic analysis method, and came to the conclusion that all these cells came from a woman's body.
Promote the reporter's fake "ripper"
However, after years of research, Dr. andrew cook, a British historian, recently concluded in his new book Jack the Ripper: Closing the Case that the legendary "Jack the Ripper" was completely false. Cook believes that the five prostitutes who were killed that year, together with the other six prostitutes who were later attributed to the same murderer, were actually killed by different murderers. Cook pointed out that Thomas Arnold, the ace detective of Whitechapel in London, said in his retirement speech: "I don't think all these cases were done by Jack the Ripper alone." After examining the bodies of five murdered prostitutes, Percy Clark, the assistant forensic doctor at that time, once said, "I think one person may have killed three of them, but it is unlikely to kill others."
In his new book, Cook pointed out that the British gossip media Star, which was just founded at that time, reported that the successive terrorist murders all came from a "ripper" named Jack without any factual basis. The little-known Star was a hit, and even its reporter Frederick Best became an instant hit.
However, after the "main suspect" once accused by the Star newspaper-a shoemaker-was acquitted by the police because of numerous alibis, the sales of the Star newspaper plummeted. In order to turn the tide, reporter Best sent hundreds of provocative letters to Scotland Yard in the name of a serial killer, and the name at the end of the letter was "Jack the Ripper".
Dr. Cook confirmed that all these provocative letters were written by Frederick Best after being submitted to a famous British handwriting expert for identification. Cook pointed out that it is precisely because the public mistakenly believed the rumors of "Jack the Ripper" that those real murderers were able to escape the severe punishment of the law.
Now Jack the Ripper's identity has been cracked. He's the morgue manager, Robert Main.
Okay？ Should not leak?