(It is not true that Cao Pi forced Emperor Xian of Han to abdicate. After all, the Eastern Han Dynasty had already existed in name only. At that time, the north was unified by Cao Cao himself, which had nothing to do with Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin replaced the Northern Zhou Dynasty, which forced the other side to threaten by force. )
The emperors were inferior to each other, with political corruption, the economic foundation on the verge of collapse, and the Western Han Empire was crumbling.
In 49 BC, one of the most outstanding monarchs in the Western Han Dynasty? Advocate? Both of them are Wang Ba? Xuan Di, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, died. When he was in power, the internal politics of the Western Han Dynasty was clear, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, the foreign invasion of Xiongnu was solved, and the national strength reached its peak. However, his successor is not as good as a generation:
Contrary to his father, Emperor Han and Yuan attached importance to Confucianism academically, but he was disorganized and even cowardly when dealing with political affairs in practice. After losing the effective restraint and control of officials, the political arena in the Western Han Dynasty gradually declined, and the land merger strictly controlled by Emperor Xuandi of Han Dynasty began to deteriorate.
The next Han Chengdi is even worse. He wasted his time on wine and debauchery, and had no interest in governing the country. The regime is almost entirely in the hands of the Queen Mother. Over the past 26 years, the powerful landlords represented by the Wangs have become increasingly fierce, arrogant and extravagant, building large projects, wasting people's wealth, gradually consuming the wealth of the state and civilians, land annexation has become increasingly serious, and people have been displaced.
By the time Emperor Ai ascended the throne in 6 BC, the new consorts Ding Jia and Fu Jia were in the upper position, and the Western Han Dynasty faced a new wave of harvest, and the Han Dynasty was in jeopardy. Under the impetus of a generation of great master Stan and other people of insight, the Western Han court began to discuss a major reform, which truly reflected the key to social problems at that time:
First, everyone (nobles, officials, civilians) can't own more than 30 hectares of private land, and the excess will be confiscated;
Second, the number of domestic slaves is linked to the title: the number of Wang slaves should not exceed 200, Hou100,30;
Third, strictly control the number of private fields owned by businessmen;
Fourth, public handmaiden will be restored to civilian status after 50 years old.
Through the above four points, we can understand how serious the land annexation in the Han Dynasty and the phenomenon that people who lost their land sold themselves into slavery.
These measures of criticizing the current malpractices directly conflict with the interests of Ding Shi and Fu Shi, because they are the biggest beneficiaries of land annexation and slave flooding. Faced with pressure, Aidi decided not to implement the above policy for the time being. Soon, he even took the lead in promoting the deterioration of the situation: he gave Dong Xian 2,000 hectares of land. Fish begins to stink at the head, as a result, the measures proposed by Stan completely lost the possibility of implementation, and the Han Dynasty also lost the opportunity of rebirth.
Best actor? Wang Mang cheated the people's hearts, and the people expected to change the dynasty.
Emperor Han Ai, whose private life was miserable, was only emperor for five years. Wang Mang, the wife of Emperor Han Cheng, was recalled to the court to assist the young Han, and Wang once again took power.
Wang Mang is the nephew of Wang (the queen of Emperor Han Yuan). Different from the general image of consorts who are arrogant and extravagant, Wang Mang is a moral model of Confucian scholars. He is not only simple in life, modest and sincere in treating others, but also diligent and studious, respecting teachers, being charitable and making friends with celebrities. What is even more frightening is that he is very good at buying people's hearts and can even break through normal people's thinking.