The system of provinces and regions below Ding, Yuan and Ming Dynasties

To talk about local administration in the Ming Dynasty, the most important thing to mention first is the so-called provincial system. Today we still use the term "province". The provincial system did not begin in the Ming Dynasty, but in the Yuan Dynasty. It can also be said that the Jin dynasty has been saved. But it was the Yuan Dynasty that officially became the system. Today we are commonly known as Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province, and provinces are like domain names. But the provincial characters in history were originally yamen names, not domain names. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there was a running script province. Zhongshu province was the prime minister's office of the central government at that time, generally known as the capital province. Zhongshu Province is an organ stationed abroad by the Central Prime Minister's Office (Capital Province). This is because the Mongols conquered China and did not dare to decentralize the political power. They wanted to concentrate on the central government completely. If something goes wrong in a certain place, the Central Prime Minister's Office will send one or two people to suppress it. This province is a Chinese book province in action. In the past, Yushitai sent people to inspect local administration. Here today, there will be tomorrow, so there is a platform. Zhongshu Province is the highest organ of the central government. How is it possible that part of it is in Jiangsu and part is in Guangdong? This was an extremely unreasonable system in the Yuan Dynasty. This is because aliens conquered us and rode on our heads. The earliest user of this system was Jin. However, no matter whether it is gold or yuan, foreigners use this system to rule China, and they don't trust to hand over the political power to the local authorities or disperse it. Therefore, even local political affairs are personally governed by the top leaders of the central government. For example, Britain, Hong Kong and India used to have governors, and colonial governors were directly under the emperor. Nominally, the colonial governor was sent by the British emperor, not the cabinet. For this reason, the cabinet represents Congress, and Congress represents public opinion. There was no public opinion in the colonies. Britain can have democratic autonomy, but Hong Kong and Indian colonies can't, so there should be no local officials, and the emperor should send a governor to manage it. It can be seen that there is significance behind any system. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Ministry of Books was an active central government, and the police station of the Prime Minister's Office was stationed in this place. If this is the case, the local government will never have the right, and the right will only be in the central government. The Yuan Dynasty had a central government but no place, and China was just its conquest, like Hong Kong in Britain.

The Yuan Dynasty, like the Song Dynasty, divided places into roads, prefectures, prefectures and counties. In fact, the local political power of the Yuan Dynasty was not handed over to the local government, but was managed by the central government. The governor is a central official and personally devolves to the local government. At that time, the whole country was not divided into several local administrative regions, but there was a central premier in each of these regions, which became the activity office of the Central Prime Minister's Office. Therefore, the definition of changing the name of a province in a bank is not a local government, but a mobile central government. In other words, it was the central government that occupied this place. If the central government needs to send senior officials to suppress a certain place, it will send foreign prime ministers. In the Yuan Dynasty, * * * was counted as ten branches, but the local administration of the whole country was not divided into ten districts. This is the legal reality of the provincial system.

Let's go a little deeper. This provincial facility is actually not for administrative convenience, but for military control. The historical origin of the provincial system is indeed true. So even in modern times, there are still traces to be found. Our modern provinces are different from those in the Tang and Song Dynasties. For example, Jiangsu: Xuzhou is a military town, with Shandong on one side and Henan and Anhui on the other. Xuzhou belongs to Jiangsu province, but its periphery is not within Jiangsu's control, so the governor of Jiangsu or the governor can't control it. Nanjing is also a military town, but if Guangde doesn't keep it, or Wuhu gives up, Nanjing won't survive, and Guangde and Wuhu are not under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu. This is true in any province. Here's your half. Cut off your half. In this way, all provinces in the country will fall apart. It is impossible to resist in unity, and it is difficult for any region to resist alone. This is the inner spirit of the provincial system.