1260, Kublai Khan, established the "great unity" of the Yuan Dynasty. 127 1 year, Kublai Khan changed the title of the country to "Dayuan" in the Book of Changes, which successively wiped out the Jin State, Xixia State, Dali State, Southern Song Dynasty and other regimes and unified China, ending the separatist situation since the Five Dynasties and Ten States.
The territory of the Yuan Dynasty starts from the Sea of Japan in the east, reaches Tianshan Mountain in the west, reaches Lake Baikal in the north, and reaches Siam in the south. It is the most extensive dynasty in China. The Yuan Dynasty abolished Shangshu Province and Menxia Province, and retained Zhongshu Province, Privy Council and Yushitai, which were in charge of politics, army and supervision. The provincial system is implemented locally, which is the first in China. The commodity economy and overseas trade flourished, and the overall productivity was not as good as that of the Song Dynasty. During this period, cultural forms such as Yuanqu and Sanqu appeared.
After the unification of China, the Yuan Dynasty continued to expand to the outside world, but it was defeated repeatedly when it went to sea to conquer Japan and Southeast Asian countries, such as the Yuan-Japan War, the Yuan-Vietnam War and the Yuan Claw War. In the middle of Yuan Dynasty, the throne changed frequently, and politics was never on the right track. In the later period, political corruption, powerful ministers in power, and increasingly serious ethnic and class contradictions led to the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty.
1368, Zhu Yuanzhang led the peasant army to capture Nanjing, then the Northern Expedition occupied Beijing and the Yuan Dynasty perished. Since then, the Yuan regime has retreated to Mobei, known as the "Northern Yuan" in history. 1402, Chen Yuangui and Li Chi usurped power, established "Tatar", and the Northern Yuan Dynasty perished.