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Historical Test: What valuable experience did the Paris Commune leave for the construction of China?
1, adhere to the people-oriented principle

The Paris Commune is a new regime in which the working class is the masters of the country, masters state power and manages state and social affairs. It always represents the interests and demands of the broad masses of the people and embodies the people-oriented thought everywhere. When summing up the Paris Commune movement, Marx pointed out that the Paris Commune "can only show the trend of going to a government that belongs to the people and is governed by the people", and it shines with the brilliance of people-oriented everywhere. At present, the theoretical basis and value goal of political system reform is to adhere to people-oriented. People here are not abstract people, but refer to the broad masses of the people, including their fundamental interests, their lives, human rights and human dignity. The "man" here is not an object, but a subject, that is to say, people should not be simply regarded as the object of sympathy, care and relief, but as a creative social force to promote reform and development, and as a real driving force to promote historical progress. Adhering to the people-oriented principle means always taking the realization, maintenance and development of the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the starting point and the end result of all the work of the party and the state, so that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and development results are shared by the people. In the process of building a harmonious socialist society, we should not only resolutely safeguard the fundamental interests of the people, but also attach great importance to the interests of different social groups and strive to solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people. We should fully respect the people's dominant position and initiative, firmly establish the people's viewpoint, adhere to the mass line, always trust the people, rely on them closely, give full play to their wisdom, intelligence and strength, effectively stimulate their creative vitality, and provide the broadest strength support for building a harmonious socialist society.

2. Improve social management.

While crushing the old bourgeois state machine and establishing the dictatorship of the proletariat, the Paris Commune established a new social management system, which is conducive to mobilizing the people to actively participate in social management and maintaining social stability. The commune first abolished the bourgeois standing army and replaced it with people's armed forces; Advocate people's participation in management, and elect commune members who can be replaced at any time and have the same salary as ordinary workers; The reactionary police were banned, the judicial and trial systems were broken, and new civil courts and trial systems were established; The bourgeois parliamentary system was abolished, and a form of government organization in which legislation and administration were unified was established. This proletarian social management system has made Paris look brand-new. On the one hand, the current political system reform should constantly improve social management, improve the social management pattern of party Committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination and public participation, and improve the grass-roots social management system. In this social management pattern, the leadership of the Party committee is the foundation, social coordination is the support, and public participation is the foundation. Persisting in perfecting this model is in line with China's national conditions and people's wishes. On the other hand, we should pay attention to coordinating various interests, properly handle contradictions among the people, maximize the factors of harmony and minimize the factors of disharmony. Therefore, we should adhere to the principle of overall consideration, fully consider the interests of different classes and groups, and effectively identify the combination point of the common interests of the overwhelming majority of people and the specific interests of different groups; It is necessary to establish a perfect appeal expression and contradiction mediation mechanism to effectively alleviate and resolve social contradictions; It is necessary to innovate the methods of mass work and strive to improve the ability and ability to deal with social contradictions; Actively prevent and properly handle mass incidents and resolutely safeguard social harmony and stability. Only in this way can all positive factors be mobilized, and the vitality of different classes and groups can gather strength in harmony and jointly promote development in stability.

3. Pay attention to improving people's livelihood

Although the Paris Commune has not existed for a long time, and the reforms in all aspects are not perfect, in the harsh environment, the Commune attaches great importance to solving people's basic living problems, and tries to solve problems related to people's real interests such as education, employment and distribution under very limited conditions, which is conducive to transforming the old society and building a new society. Although the Paris Commune mainly repelled the attacks of reactionary troops, it did not forget to focus on solving people's basic living problems. In view of the shortage of food supply caused by the state of war, the commune has taken a series of positive measures to solve the food supply of residents, such as providing free warehouses to grain merchants; Allow businessmen to sell; Cancel the bread ticket; Limit the price of bread and vegetables; Take measures to reduce prices to control prices, etc. Another example is the housing problem. At that time, on the one hand, due to the shutdown and closure of the factory, workers were unemployed and unable to pay the rent; On the other hand, many houses were damaged because of the enemy's attack. In view of this situation, the commune quickly issued a decision to waive three months' rent and a decree to requisition all vacant rooms. Accelerating social construction focusing on improving people's livelihood is not only an important task for developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also an important way to strengthen the construction of a harmonious socialist society. Improving people's livelihood embodies the people-oriented principle and the purpose of the ruling party to build the party for the public and govern for the people. Because China is still in the primary stage of socialism, the development foundation is weak and unbalanced, and the economic transition and social transformation lead to the diversification of interest groups' demands, which makes people's livelihood issues increasingly prominent, which determines that we should pay more attention to and improve people's livelihood with greater energy and strength.