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What is the contrast between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty?
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The Southern Song Dynasty (1 130- 1309) was a political power established in Jiangnan after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. This is a dynasty with developed economy, prosperous culture and scientific and technological progress in the history of China. A total of nine emperors enjoyed the country for 152 years.

Although the Southern Song Dynasty is located in the south of the Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains, it is the dynasty with the most developed economy, the most advanced ancient science and technology, and the highest degree of foreign trade and opening to the outside world in China history. The Southern Song Dynasty coexisted with Jin, Western Liao, Dali, Xixia, Tubo and Great Mongolia, and rose at the beginning of13rd century. The devastating impact of nomadic people on the advanced relations of production in the Song Dynasty made the advanced eastern civilization, which had been in the rising stage, gradually turn to decline and eventually fall behind the mainstream stage in the world.

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The Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127) is a dynasty following the Northern Song Dynasty in the history of China. It is also known as the Song Dynasty with the Southern Song Dynasty, and nine emperors enjoy it 167. The capital of the Northern Song Dynasty is Bianliang City (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), with Xijing Henan House (now Luoyang, Henan Province), Nanjing Yingtianfu House (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and Beijing Daming House (now Daming, Hebei Province), which together with Kaifeng House in Tokyo are called the four capitals.

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