(B) the surface content innovation
The new curriculum proposes to change the current situation that the teaching content is "complicated, difficult, biased and old" and pays too much attention to book knowledge, strengthen the connection between the course content and students' life, modern society and scientific and technological development, and reflect the development needs of society, politics, economy and science and technology. Because of this, some teachers add too much content of other subjects, introduce too much the connection with life problems and social problems, and ignore the basic and internal logic of course content, so students can only memorize relevant knowledge; Some pursue new and exotic content, and when they come into contact with life problems and social problems, they don't seriously investigate and consult information, which is divorced from reality.
(C) one-sided cooperative learning
The new curriculum emphasizes changing the situation that traditional teaching overemphasizes receptive learning, rote learning and mechanical training, and advocates students' active participation, willingness to explore and hard work. Cultivate the ability to collect and process information, acquire new knowledge, analyze and solve problems, and communicate and cooperate with others. Realizing the transformation of students' learning methods, teachers' teaching methods, teacher-student interaction methods and learning methods has become the external symbol of the new curriculum. As a breakthrough and supplement to the traditional teaching organization, cooperative learning has been applied to classroom teaching by more and more teachers, which is also the independent inquiry and cooperative learning mode advocated by the current new curriculum reform. In order to make the classroom learning style diversified, the atmosphere active and reflect the student-centered purpose, organizing classroom group discussion has become a magic weapon for teachers in teaching.
However, some teachers simplify their learning methods, ignoring the coordination and optimization of different learning methods; Or put the above-mentioned learning methods in opposition to the traditional learning methods, and think that a new curriculum will not be implemented without autonomous learning, inquiry learning and cooperative learning in a class. Some people deny teachers' necessary teaching, and teachers should not talk about what they should talk about, which is not suitable for students to explore the content of learning methods. For example, when a teacher organized the teaching activities of "vast territory", she designed such a group cooperative learning question: "What are the four endpoints of Chinese mainland territory?" The students quickly discussed in groups and got the answer. However, the author thinks that this question has a special map and text introduction in the textbook, and students can generally answer it accurately without discussion. This shows that sometimes teachers will organize class group discussions for formal needs, and some of them are unnecessary. On the other hand, when students are asked to discuss in groups, teachers are worried about the lack of classroom teaching time. Often, the discussion questions have just been raised, the students have not fully thought about them, the discussion has not been carried out in depth, and the conclusions have not been unified. The teachers ended up hastily, and the real purpose of the discussion was not achieved.
Simplify the application of teaching methods
Multimedia technology has many advantages, such as graphic combination, vivid, audio-visual combination and vivid image. The application of multimedia technology in teaching can not only enrich the teaching content, but also help to create teaching scenarios, help students form a knowledge structure, make classroom teaching more vivid and intuitive, and help to achieve good teaching results. Because of this, some teachers overemphasize the diversity of teaching methods and rely too much on modern information technology. However, we should clearly realize that teaching methods are only carriers, and the real purpose of class is to show the art and experience of teaching. Too much emphasis on teaching means will inevitably ignore the core of teaching. Classroom teaching of history and society is not necessarily more effective.
(E) vulgarization of curriculum evaluation
The new curriculum advocates changing the evaluation system, overemphasizing the role of screening and selection, giving full play to the role of evaluation in promoting students' development and improving teachers' teaching practice, paying attention to cultivating students' independence and autonomy, respecting students' individuality, paying attention to students' individual differences, and creating an educational environment that can guide students to actively participate and stimulate their enthusiasm for learning.
However, in some "History and Society" classes, there is a mixed model, which ignores the humanistic value orientation and judges whether students are the main body or not and whether the class is good or not simply by the number of students' activities and speeches. In order to encourage students, some teachers don't hesitate to talk more, but only pay attention to helping students build up their self-confidence and ignore helping students know themselves. "Ah, you are great!" "Applause!" ..... students will be motivated by such praise at the beginning. Over time, they either rely on praise for utility, and once there is no praise, their interest in learning will be greatly reduced, so that it is difficult to correctly accept the necessary criticism and correction; Or tired of this superficial and abusive praise, forming "praise fatigue."
Second, the countermeasures to solve the superficial phenomenon in the implementation of the new curriculum
To sum up, the phenomenon that the sword is biased in the current history and social teaching is objective. How to avoid being a front-line teacher?
(a) overall planning, proper coordination of various relationships.
In the implementation of the new curriculum, we should make overall plans and properly coordinate various relationships. For example, the process and methods of knowledge and skills learning, the relationship between emotional attitude and values education, the relationship between students' autonomous learning and cooperative learning, the relationship between inquiry learning and acceptance learning, the relationship between reducing burdens and improving quality, the relationship between curriculum reform and examination reform, and the relationship between persisting in reform and adapting to the needs of further studies. Make reasonable and feasible classroom learning objectives according to the curriculum objectives in classroom teaching to help students realize the consolidation of knowledge systematic learning achievements; Realize the optimal combination of learning methods, and reasonably organize and adjust classroom teaching content; Pay attention to practical results and popularize the application of modern information technology; Establish a learning evaluation mechanism that can really help students better understand themselves, enhance their learning motivation and confidence, and promote development; Reform examination proposition, reduce students' schoolwork burden, improve teaching efficiency and improve course quality.
(B) improve the ability to grasp and control the new textbooks.
It is necessary to thoroughly study and study the new curriculum standards, improve the ability to master and control new teaching materials, and replace teaching materials with teaching materials to improve the effectiveness of teaching. Make up the deleted content at will; It is not easy to raise the reduced difficulty according to the requirements of the old textbook, and clearly locate the degree to which each knowledge point should be mastered. We should pay due attention to the knowledge that the new textbooks exceed the minimum requirements of the curriculum standards and some knowledge that is not required in the curriculum standards and needs to be supplemented in teaching; According to the actual learning situation of students in this class, increase the content and difficulty. Therefore, according to the provisions of the curriculum standards, the content of teaching materials should be handled flexibly and not beyond the tolerance of students.
Rationally reorganize the teaching content to make it more conducive to students' learning, pay attention to enriching teaching materials with the new achievements of contemporary social progress, economic development and scientific and technological development, update teaching cases and teaching materials, reflect the times, closely link and effectively integrate important theoretical teaching contents such as concepts, principles and viewpoints with students' daily life and existing experience in their own classrooms, and help students construct knowledge with their own experience; Pay attention to questioning and surpassing the teaching materials, and encourage and affirm students to explore and think about what they have learned.
It is necessary to carry out research on classroom teaching reform and explore new teaching methods and learning methods. Continuously improve the ability to organize classroom teaching with students as the main body and student activities as the main form, and organically combine the "activity-strategy-evaluation" teaching led by teachers with the "activity-experience-performance" teaching experienced by students; Put down your airs, learn to learn from students, learn to listen in class, strengthen communication with students, respect, inspire, protect and maintain students' interest, enthusiasm and confidence in learning history and society, truly realize the change of teachers' role and improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching.
(C) improve the effectiveness of group cooperation
First of all, we should prepare cooperative learning space for students. Teachers promote the cooperation between students by creating good cooperation space and communication environment, so as to learn from each other's strong points and form the spirit of unity, cooperation and collectivism in cooperation. Secondly, we should provide students with clear cooperation goals. Thirdly, we should encourage students to cooperate and innovate. Through cooperative learning, each student has the opportunity to put forward his own views and share others' views. In the process of discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different opinions, students' self-confidence is enhanced and creative thinking is cultivated. Fourthly, feedback and evaluate the effect of students' cooperative learning fairly and correctly. Consolidate new knowledge and discover new ideas in the process of judging each other.
(D) the rational use of modern teaching methods
The application of modern teaching means does not mean that the efficient and reasonable use of classroom teaching can promote the implementation of effective classroom teaching. For example, in the use of multimedia technology, some problems can be explained clearly in a few words, and multimedia is not necessary; Some textbooks are thorough and there is no need to use multimedia; There is no need to make some things that students often touch and feel in their daily lives into multimedia. The author believes that multimedia, as a relatively expensive teaching tool, should consider its necessity and whether it is necessary to use it as much as possible to avoid "avoiding the near and seeking the far, avoiding the easy and taking the complicated" and relying too much on this teaching media.
In short, the "curriculum reform" of history and society has just begun. If we don't pay attention to the existing problems and don't solve them, the curriculum reform will take more detours. To carry out curriculum reform, we should not only have high enthusiasm and bold spirit, but also have a cool head and a prudent attitude. I hope that the superficial phenomena of history and society can be corrected as soon as possible, so that the curriculum reform can advance along the right track!