First, the problem of Xia Dynasty. The main reason why the international community is skeptical about the existence of the Xia Dynasty is that the literature records of the Xia Dynasty are inconsistent with archaeological evidence.
The "Erlitou" mentioned by the subject has always been regarded as the site of Xia Dynasty by most domestic researchers. The reasons include: it was earlier than Shang Dynasty and almost coincided with Xia Dynasty; Unearthed cultural relics conform to bronze civilization; The scale far exceeds that of an ordinary tribe.
However, there is only a lack of sufficient written evidence. The bronzes, Oracle Bone Inscriptions and other cultural relics unearthed in Yin Ruins can provide evidence to prove their age attributes, but Erlitou site can't. Since the Zhou Dynasty, the characters of Xia Dynasty have frequently appeared in a large number of ancient documents. In contrast, the archaeological evidence we have now is obviously insufficient and a bit embarrassing.
Someone: Don't just say nice things. Show us something!
The Xia Dynasty existed, but it was not fully recognized. For example, did the Xia Dynasty call itself the Xia Dynasty? We don't know yet.
Second, Homer's epic and the Trojan problem. The relationship between Homer's epic and the Trojan War, similar to Romance of the Three Kingdoms and History of the Three Kingdoms, is not rigorous.
Homer's epic is not so much a history book as a literary work, which tells the story of Greece's attack on Troy in BC12nd century and after the war. You should know that there is a career as a bard in the west. At that time, many poets told stories about the Trojan War, which were later compiled by Homer. After centuries of development, written records and editing, it has become what we see now.
You said it was useless. People did record some historical materials such as social customs at that time. What you said is completely credible, and there are many fairy tales in it.
Third, summarize. The existence of "Xia Dynasty" and "Troy" is not an order of magnitude in itself.
The existence of Xia civilization is related to the origin and inheritance of Chinese civilization, and archaeology is to prove the existence of a war or a city-state.
Some people think that there is still a lot of room for the study of Xia Dynasty, and some people think that Homer's epic has great historical value.
It makes sense to look at it separately, but if we put these two views together to question the historical record of a civilization and believe in a historical romance in turn, we can feel a strong double-standard color.
I also know that after the international community is endowed with political color, academics and history will basically become stale.
Of course, not only in culture, but also in other aspects.
After all, the internationally famous double standard.