Duke, the mascot language of Java language, was originally an internal project started by Sun MicroSystems in 1990+02. Is Patrick from Sun Microsystems? Norton's engineers are at a loss by the C++ and C language compilers developed by the company itself, because the APIs in them are extremely difficult to use. Patrick decided to switch to NeXT, and at the same time got the opportunity to study a project of the company called "Invisible Project".
The Stealth Project was later renamed the Green Project. james gosling and Mike? Xie Lidan also joined Patrick's working group. Together with several other engineers, they are studying and developing new technologies in a small studio on Dune Road in Menlo Park, California, with the goal of programming the next generation of smart home appliances (such as microwave ovens). Sun company looks forward to the future technology in the field of home appliances. The team initially considered using C++ language, but many members included Sun's chief scientist Bill. Joey, I found that C++ and the available APIs have big problems in some aspects.
The working group uses embedded platform, and the available resources are extremely limited. Many members find C++ too complicated and many developers often misuse it. They found that C++ lacks a garbage collection system, and it also has portable security, distributed programming and multi-running and continuous functions. Finally, they want a platform that can be easily transplanted to various devices.
According to the available funds, Bill? Joey decided to develop a new language combining C and Mesa. In a report, Joey called it "the future". He suggested that Sun engineers develop an object-oriented environment based on C++. At first, Gosling tried to modify and extend the functions of C++. He called this new language C++ ++-,but later he gave up. He wants to create a brand-new language. He named it "Oak", after the oak tree outside his office.
Like many secret projects to develop new technologies, the working group worked around the clock until the summer of 1992, when they were able to demonstrate a part of the new platform, including the green operating system, Oak programming language, class library and its hardware. The initial attempt is to face a PDA-like device named Star7, which has a bright graphical interface and an intelligent agent named Duke to help users. 199265438+February 3rd, this equipment was displayed.
In June165438+1October of the same year, the Green Project was transformed into the "First one-person limited liability company", a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sun Company, and the team moved to Palo Alto. FirstPerson's team is interested in building a highly interactive device. When time warner Inc Inc. released the request for proposal of TV set-top box, FirstPerson changed their goal and put forward the proposal of set-top box platform for soliciting opinions. However, the cable TV industry felt that the platform of FirstPerson gave users too much control, so the bid of FirstPerson lost to SGI. Another deal with 3DO about set-top boxes also failed. Because their platform can't produce any benefits in the TV industry, the company was merged back into Sun Company.
During June and July of 1994, after three days of brainstorming, the team composed of john gage, james gosling, Bill Joy, Patrick Norton, Wayne Rossing and Eric Scumi decided to change their goals again, and this time they decided to apply this technology to the World Wide Web. They believe that with the advent of mosaic browsers, the Internet is evolving to the highly interactive prospect they see in cable TV networks. As a prototype, Patrick Norton wrote a small Web browser WebRunner, which was later renamed HotJava. As a result of trademark search, Oak has been registered by a graphics card manufacturer. So in the same year, Oak was renamed Java. When a binary file (.class file) is compiled with Java source code and opened with a hexadecimal editor, the first 32 bits will be displayed as CA FE BA BE, that is, the phrase "CAFE BABE".
1994 10, HotJava and Java platform made a demonstration for the company's top management. 1994, the Java version of Java 1.0a was available for download, but the first public release of Java and HotJava browsers was at the SunWorld conference on March 23rd, 995. John Gage, scientific director of Shengyang Company, declared Java technology. The announcement was made together with the surprising announcement by mark anderson, executive vice president of Netscape, who announced that Netscape would include Java support in its browser. 1996 1 10 In October, Shengyang Company set up a Java business group to develop Java technology. Java has been popular for several years recently, and its position in the browser has been gradually eroded. Its use in simple interactive animation has been completely squeezed out by Adobe's Flash. In 2005, Java tended to be used only for more complex applications, such as Yahoo games. At the same time, Java was opposed by Microsoft, and they decided not to attach the Java platform to the new versions of Internet Explorer and Windows.
On the contrary. On the server side of the World Wide Web and handheld devices, Java has become more popular. Many websites use Java technologies such as JSP at the back end.
On the desktop system, independent Java programs are relatively rare, because the running cost of the Java platform is high, and many people don't have Java installed on their computers. Because of the small network bandwidth in the past, downloading Java used to be a time-consuming thing. However, with the great progress of computer computing power and network bandwidth in 10, the quality of virtual machines and compilers has been improved, and many applications have been widely used.