Chen Shimei, also known as Chen Shimei, is a character in China's traditional opera Qin Xianglian.
In the play, he was an ungrateful villain who abandoned his wife and children, and was finally beheaded by Bao Zheng, so he became synonymous with ingratitude in later generations.
Chen Shimei's image and story originated from the Ming Dynasty novel "An Image Trial of a Hundred Cases with a Bag".
False textual research in rumors
Legend has it that the historical prototype is Chen Niangu, an official of the Qing Dynasty, but this is obviously a false textual research, because Chen Shimei is a character in Bao Gongan, a novel of the Ming Dynasty. How can Ming people write novels with the Qing Dynasty as the background? Obviously, the "Eight Sisters Case" is based on Chapter 26 of the "Bao Gong Case" and has no real historical prototype.
Note: Chen Niangu was born in Shunzhi period of Qing Dynasty, also known as Chen Shumei.
Probably because the names are similar, someone gave birth to a prototype, and this is his attachment.
According to "Xiangzhou Jinshi Record", "In the 12th year of Shunzhi, B was listed in the history list of Chen Niangu, a Taoist official of Guizhou IV and an agreement of the inspection department, and the Chief Secretary participated in politics.
"According to the Dictionary of Historical Figures in Hubei (published by Hubei People's Publishing House 1984), Chen Shimei was an official of the Qing Dynasty.
Formerly known as Niangu, also known as Shu Mei and Zhou Jun (namely Xunxian County, Hubei Province, now danjiangkou city), he was born in an official family.
He studied in Beijing in the early Qing Dynasty, and was the top scholar of Xinmaoke in Shunzhi for eight years (165 1 year).
At first, he was appointed as the magistrate of Hebei Province. Later, because of Kangxi's appreciation, he was promoted to be the provincial judge of Siren House and Shidao in Guizhou, and also served as a political envoy to participate in politics.
action
Chen Shimei was born in poverty, and he had a harmonious relationship with his wife Qin Xianglian (a native of Zhou Jun, Huguang, now Danjiangkou, Hubei).
After studying hard for ten years, Chen Shimei went to Beijing to catch the exam, and was recruited by Renzong after winning the first prize.
Qin Xianglian didn't hear from Chen Shimei for a long time and took her son to Beijing to find her husband, but Chen Shimei refused to recognize her and sent Han Qi to kill her in the middle of the night.
Han Qi couldn't bear to commit suicide, but Qin Xianglian was mistaken for the murderer.
Chen Shimei commanded, Qin Xianglian was sent to the frontier, and your honour was ordered to kill her halfway. Luckily, she was saved by Zhan Zhao.
Bao Zheng tried to cure Chen Shimei's crime, but there was no evidence.
Chen Shimei brought Qin Xianglian back to the Xu family for a pretence, and forced Qin Xianglian to stamp the divorce certificate with his second son.
Zhan Zhao went to Chen Shimei's hometown to look for the witness Peng Qi and his wife. On the way, Aunt Qi died by the killer's knife. Bao Zheng found a witness and wanted to convict Ma Xu. Both the princess and the queen mother stopped her, but Bao Zheng refused to give in and sent Chen Shimei to the dragon head.
When he was an official in Guizhou, some classmates came to vote for the official position. I received him many times and advised him to study hard in order to make his career prosperous.
Later, because more and more people came to vote, it was difficult to deal with it, so they instructed the butler foreman to refuse.
Hu Mengdie is one of his classmates who lives in Qinjiapo, a suburb of Zhou Jun. He used to help him get money when he went to Beijing to take an exam. Because he was rejected by the big housekeeper, he suddenly got revenge, so he pinched some things in the society that he was ungrateful to leave his wife and children, added them to him, and made a drama "Qin Xianglian", which was performed in Shaanxi and Henan.
According to legend, when the Henan Opera Troupe was performing this drama in the late Qing Dynasty, one of Chen's descendants saw it and vomited blood on the spot. Chen Shimei's eighth generation grandson also organized family members, smashed the trunk of the troupe on the spot, and beat the actors, killing several people, and the performance was forced to stop.
An unjust situation
The children in danjiangkou city have spent decades trying to solve the mystery of Chen Shimei. He believed that Chen Shimei really existed in history. According to local folklore and the inscription of Chen Shimei found in danjiangkou city by 1992, Chen Shimei is an honest and upright official, honest and considerate of people's feelings.
Those so-called loving the poor and the rich, killing his wife and children imposed on him are all done by people who are jealous of the virtuous.
Therefore, there is a saying in Xunxian that "Chen Shimei is not sung in Beimen Street and Qin Xianglian is not sung in Qinjialou".
How could Chen Shimei in Qing Dynasty be defeated by Bao Gong in Song Dynasty? In the past 200 years, Chen Shimei has been notorious in the world for singing operas, but judging from the large amount of materials collected now, the "Eight Sisters Case" is indeed a historical "unjust case" on the stage of drama.
Note: Because this person appeared in novels of Ming Dynasty, the textual research of Mr. Tong Lao is obviously wrong.
hearsay
Another rumor
It is said that on the 16th day of the first month of the Qing Dynasty, a troupe performed "Qin Xianglian Embracing the Pipa", which attracted many people. They thought the opera was too short to sing for a long time.
There is no way for the head teacher to add a short play of "Putting Food in Chen Zhou" before the main play.
At noon, Chen Shimei's family ordered Han Qi to kill Qin Xianglian and let Qin Xianglian go. Han Qi committed suicide, and Qin Xianglian fell in a pool of blood with her children ... This is another evil play.
The audience refused to leave, and everyone shouted in unison: "Kill Chen Shimei!" Bricks and tiles hit the stage together.
I was anxious like a cat on hot bricks, running around, afraid to show up at the front desk, and quickly slipped to the background.
At this time, Bao Gong, who sang "Putting Grain in Chen Zhou", has not been placed. He asked, "What happened to the audience? What's the matter? " At the sight of Bao Gong, the head teacher suddenly had a brainwave. He pushed him and said, "Come on, keep singing at the front desk."
"Bao Gong" said, "You are in a hurry! I was in the Song Dynasty and Chen Shimei was in the Qing Dynasty. After hundreds of years, how can I sing on the same stage? " "Oh, at this point, anyway!" Zhang said, "Chen Shimei is such a big officer Xu, who dares to kill him? Only if you are selfless, can you smash him and take it out on the people, even if it is a play. "
Another rumor
Many people, after "textual research", said that Chen Shimei was actually a scholar in Shunzhi period of Qing Dynasty, which was wrong. He also said that two students in Chen Gu framed Chen Shumei as Chen Shimei in the play for revenge.
Coincidentally, Chen Shumei and Chen Shimei in the play are both "Zhou Junren".
In the Ming Dynasty before the Qing Dynasty, during the Wanli period, a man who claimed to be a scattered person in Qiantang left a book called Hundred Cases of Bao Gong. At that time, in the 26th book "Qin and the Resurrection of Beauty on Earth", there was a story that Chen Shimei denied his wife and children, which was very similar to the first half of Henan Opera.
As long as you look at Baidu's Hundred Cases of Bao Gong (this book is a novel), you can see this book of the Ming Dynasty.
This is enough to prove that the truth of Chen Shimei, carefully researched by some later generations, is actually a painstakingly managed false truth.
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Yan Mei Case: The Cross-embodiment of Bao Gong Case and Three Heroes and Five Righteousnesses
"Xu Ye looked at Qin Xianglian at the age of thirty-two, and accused Xu Malang of deceiving the emperor, killing his wife and destroying his heirs, and forcing Han Qi to die in the temple." With the singing of this classic, the Shu Mei case has been widely recognized by everyone.
This is a famous passage in The Story of Bao Gong, which tells the story of Chen Shimei's poor family and his love and harmony with his wife Qin Xianglian. He studied hard in Chen Shimei for ten years and went to Beijing to catch the exam. After winning the first prize, he was recruited by Renzong.
Qin Xianglian didn't hear from Chen Shimei for a long time and took her son to Beijing to find her husband, but Chen Shimei refused to recognize her and sent Han Qi to kill her in the middle of the night.
Han Qi couldn't bear to commit suicide, but Qin Xianglian was mistaken for the murderer.
Chen Shimei commanded, Qin Xianglian was sent to the frontier, and your honour was ordered to kill her halfway. Luckily, she was saved by Zhan Zhao.
Zhan Zhao went to his hometown in Chen Shimei to find the witness, the couple. On the way, Aunt Qi died by the killer's knife. Bao Zheng found a witness and wanted to convict Ma Xu. Both the Princess and the Empress Dowager hurried to stop it, but Bao Zheng finally sent Chen Shimei to the dragon's head.
In fact, the story of Chen Shimei's top scholar denying his wife and children in the 26th time when Qin came back from the dead is quite different from the beautiful scenery of the world in knowledgeable person in the Ming Dynasty and the story of the current case.
So what's the difference between today's Cha Mei case and Bao Gong's 100 case?
1. In the case of Bao Gong, Chen Shimei did nothing.
2. Qin's name is not Qin Xianglian.
3. Chen Shimei didn't go home for two years because he was greedy for money for a long time and didn't think about his wife. Qin took two children to find her husband. On Chen Shimei's birthday, she pretended to be a singer and presented pipa music to her colleagues. After the banquet, Chen was ashamed to hide his face, beat Qin with a stick and drove out of the city. He felt that Qin's behavior was "ashamed to kill all Chen's followers" and sent Zhao Bochun, a general in title of generals in ancient times, to Baihu Mountain to kill him with his sword.
In the praise case, Han Qi chased Qin Xianglian and her son to destroy the temple. See Qin Xianglian mother and son can't bear to kill people, can't commit suicide with a job.
4. The immortal thought that Qin died unjustly, and asked the land lord to take care of Qin's body, which could not be damaged.
Become a wizard of the ecliptic and teach Ying Ge and Dong Mei martial arts.
After the pirates, the emperor posted a list to find the wise, and the pirates of Brother Ying and Sister Dong were all blocked.
Won's brother is the commander-in-chief, Dong Mei is the pioneer wife of the right army, Qin is the old lady of Zhenguo, and Chen Shimei is the father of Zhenguo.
When the two brothers and sisters went to Baihushan to bury their mother, Qin Fuxing wanted to avenge his death that year and told Bao's adult audience.
Bao was furious and planned to report Shi Mei's charges to the emperor, that is, he sent Zhang Qian and Li Wan to get Chen Shimei and Zhao Bochun to the court for interrogation and torture.
Shi Mei bowed their heads and said nothing, and kept making real moves.
Liaodong army saved America, Yunnan army saved Zhao Bochun.
In the Cha Mei case, Qin Xianglian went to Kaifeng to accuse Xu of killing his wife and destroying his son, and was killed by the leading shovel.
So why are there so many gaps handed down from ancient times? This is because Bao Gong didn't have a straw cutter before the Three Heroes and Five Righteousness, and he didn't help Zhan Zhao and others, so he couldn't use the multiplier to cut the dignitaries.
Bao Gong's story originated in Song Dynasty and flourished in Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming dynasty, it was compiled into a book called the case, also known as the Gong case. In Qing Dynasty, Shi Yukun compiled it into "Two Stories of Dragon Map" and called it "Three Heroes and Five Righteousnesses". The first twenty-seven chapters of "Three Heroes and Five Righteousness" take Bao Gong's story as the main line, which restores Bao Gong's adult who has been seriously mythologized as an ordinary person and further embodies Bao Gong's honest and honest humanity.
These include the origin of Mahan Dynasty, the origin of Gongsun Ce's birth, the origin of Bao Gong's three bronze spears, the origin of Kaifeng's three treasures, and the origin of Zhan Zhao's assistance to Bao Gong's adult, which were not found in Bao Gong's case before, but were clearly explained in Three Heroes and Five Righteousnesses.
The dramas in Qing Dynasty drew lessons from the stories of three chivalrous men and five righteous men, and also quoted three bronze spears of Bao's adult and guardian Zhan Zhao.
So now you can see what the beautiful case looks like today.
As for Chen Shimei, among his works, the most famous ones are Bao Gong 'an (written in the Ming Dynasty, when people lived in peace, which contained mythical elements) and Bamei 'an.
There is a high similarity between the two. The protagonists are all called Chen Shimei, and their wives are all surnamed Qin. I won the first prize and didn't even want a wife.
But the difference between Chen Shimei and the two is not small:
① Different places of origin.
In Baogongan, Chen Shimei is from Zhou Jun (in Henan), while in Shan Mei, Chen Shimei is from Zhou Jun (in Hubei).
② Different endings.
In Ann, Chen Shimei was exiled and sent, and the latter was killed.
3 wives have different names.
In Ann, his wife's name is Qin, but she didn't name her, and the latter named her Qin Xianglian.
④ The severity of the plot is different.
In Bao Gong 'an, Chen Shimei sent someone to kill his wife, but in my fair case, the circumstances are relatively minor.
⑤ Different identities.
In Ann, Chen Shimei is only the champion, while in Ann, Chen Shimei is not only the champion, but Ma Xu is also the champion.
As for its prototype, there is no conclusion yet.
It is obviously absurd for the elderly in Hubei to "verify" that they are from their hometown.
In view of the similarities between My Beauty Case and Bao Gong Case about Chen Shimei, the former is probably adapted from the latter.
Personally, I am inclined to Chen Shimei, who has no prototype and is purely invented by an author.
Perhaps because of its unsatisfactory ending (Chen Shimei sent someone to kill the Qin family, which was so bad that he was sentenced to banishment and share the spoils), the Qing people were adapted to the death penalty, which more strongly reflected that justice had already been restored and karma came around.
In addition, there is not a word "spear" in Bao Gongan written by the Ming Dynasty, because the famous three hay cutters are from Shi Yukun's "Three Heroes and Five Righteousnesses" in Qing Dynasty.
Natural enemy of sb.
The story of Qin Xianglian.
Qin Xianglian was about thirty when she went to Beijing to complain, and she was already the mother of two children. She is used to wearing a black skirt on the stage, and there is a saying of "rags" in her lines, which shows that she is poor and poor.
Kind rural women; Widowed woman whose husband went to Beijing to take an examination of "civil servants" and never returned; One wants to support her in-laws in the world and take care of her children in the afterlife; Its weather-beaten and vicissitudes can be imagined.
My in-laws died of hunger and cold. Qin Xianglian barely swept the body with reeds, locked the door and took Dong Ge and Chun Mei to Kaifeng House, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
At this time, she was penniless, and the mother and son spent the night in the South Land Temple.
It must be an embarrassing thing to meet a husband who has changed his mind.
So the play was thrilling from the beginning.
The door officer of Fu Mansion.
This is a nobody, the doorman of Xu's house. Strictly speaking, he didn't deserve to be Chen Fu's enemy, but he put Qin Xianglian in Chui Fu.
The doorman is a typical villain. First, he judges a book by its cover. Why don't you let Qin Xianglian in?
Because at this time, Qin Xianglian gave Chen Shimei a little face, only saying that he was a native of Zhou Jun and had come all the way here, hoping to meet each other.
Who knows, after the door official informed the mission, there was news: Master Xu had something to do, and the villagers and old friends did not receive him.
Qin Xianglian is a little angry, but at this moment, she still cares about her husband's face and always wants to solve the family affairs peacefully, so she asked the doorman to reply: "Just say that I am the mother of Ying Ge and Dongmei, not an ordinary villager."
Reluctantly, the janitor went to report again, but this time he took out a piece of silver and said, "My master Xu is too drunk to meet guests. I'll give you twelve taels of silver for coming all this way. Please go. If you bother me again, it will be a disaster. "
Qin Xianglian really flew into a rage this time. She simply showed the "wife" card to the doorman.
Door officer, snob, don't believe that this "ragged country woman" will be the ex-wife of Master Xu, and there will be a humiliation.
Who knows that Xiang Lian is not only confident, but also tough. He speaks with a nose and eyes, and the door officer finally softens.
But when he thought about it carefully and was afraid to report it, he had an idea. He told Qin Xianglian to tear off a rotten skirt and let her run ahead. He ran after him with a rag, which was regarded as breaking into the palace in order to clear his responsibilities.
Without further ado, Qin Xianglian tore off a rag and threw it to him. He ran to the palace compound with two children, and the play quickly entered the first plot.
Qin Xianglian rushed into the room, naturally startled Chen Shimei.
He scolded the cunning doorman first, and then scuffled with Qin Xianglian.
First, he pretended not to know his wife and children. Seeing that it was useless, he said that if he used it, he would kill him in an attempt to arouse his ex-wife's sympathy.
Who knows that Qin Xianglian, who came to Beijing to seek a "resurgence" of marriage, could not "understand" her husband's "difficulties". He should not only recall Chen Shimei's oath when he left, but also tell about his tragic family situation and the hardships he suffered all the way to Beijing, so as to arouse Chen Shimei's conscience.
In particular, Ying Ge and Dong Mei's plea that "Dad, we are starving, please accept us, and there are leftovers we can't finish, so let's eat them first" even awakened Chen Shimei's moral responsibility as a parent in an instant, but soon, in the balance of the advantages and disadvantages of personal future, life safety and personality morality, they resolutely made a decision to exterminate humanity, not only cruelly killing mother and son.
Han Qi
Han Qi (some versions of this person are called Han Qi or Han Qi) is a protege of the Xu family.
Chen Shimei has always treated him well, and the "critical moment" came in handy.
Chen Shimei asked him to come. He looked at the wine first, and then put fifty taels of silver on the wine plate. He added, "In the land temple south of the city, there was a woman named Qin, who led a son and a daughter. This is my husband's enemy. I can't make a mistake before I send you here.
"Before Hanji knew the reason, Xu took out a knife and asked him to" go back to the palace to see blood ".
In this way, Han Qi was inexplicably pushed to the road of killing.
Han Qijin came to the temple and plunged into it. He just condemned that bitch and shouldn't offend the royal family. Then he raised his knife and cut it down. Qin Xianglian hurriedly stopped, complaining about grievances.
Although Han Qi belongs to the wicked eagle dog, he still has a good sense of conscience and justice. Hearing the reason, he couldn't help feeling pity. The hand holding the knife kept shaking. He sang these words: "Her mother and son cried so hard that my heart melted, and the knife was cold for an instant."
Blaming Xu behind his back is like a wolf and a tiger.
You hold a grudge against your first wife, and I have nothing to do with her.
I will give you his money. Don't delay your mother and son's escape.
"Qin Xianglian some at a loss to pull up the elder brother, winter sister, walking outside the temple, suddenly let her niang sa came back with a drink.
If these three people are released at this time, Han Qi should also consider his own life safety.
Qin Xianglian understood Han Qi's situation very well: "... if you want to kill me, kill me and leave me and my daughter here for yourself.
Faced with this situation, Han Qi began the "hand-to-hand combat" of human self. Finally, he decided to exchange his own death for the lives of her mother and son, which made him an immortal justice killer.
At the moment when the steel knife finally kissed him on the head, an image of a heroic assassin as fearless as Jing Ke, "the wind blows and the water cools, and the strong man is gone forever", quickly gave the play a thrilling light.
This passbook play is called "Killing the Temple". No matter whether it is Shaanxi opera or other operas, it has made one good student after another because of this passbook drama.
In some plays, the actors earn their lives and skills, and the results simply can't impress the audience.
Whoever plays the drama "Kill the Temple" is popular and famous because of the ideological and emotional power of the drama itself.
Han bravely betrayed his evil master and left a bloody steel knife to Qin Xianglian. A mediation case of family and marriage disputes was completely transformed into a major criminal lawsuit.
Film and television image
1993 Bao Qingtian Beauty Case Yang Huaimin plays Chen Shimei.
In 2008, Wang Hao played Chen Shimei in The New Bao Qingtian Honey trap.
In 2004, Ding Zhicheng played Chen Shimei in The New Beauty.
20 1 1 Qin Xianglian Chen Musheng plays Chen Shimei.
20 1 1, Zhang Mingming plays Chen Shimei in The Woman with the Knife.
20 13 "new detective league" Liu Mu plays Chen Shimei.
The story of the Chen Shimei Tan Mei case, which was rumoured as a TV series, is purely a cover-up. There is no such person in history, and there is no ingratitude. The true story is that Chen Niangu was adapted as an honest official and was later framed because of his classmates' jealousy.
My ancestral home is in Xixiang, Nangong, Zhili, and I was born in Huguang Zhou Jun in the next five years (1625).
Because his name is Niangu, Xiaomi is ripe and beautiful, so he calls himself ripe.
I have been smart and studious since I was a child.
In the eighth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (165 1), Chen Niangu was a juren in the examination, and in the twelfth year of Shunzhi (1655), he was admitted as a scholar, and was elected as the magistrate of Raoyang County in Zhili after examination by the official department.
In the fifteenth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1658), Chen Niangu was promoted to be a senior minister and doctor of the Ministry of Punishment.
In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), he served as an examiner in Xi 'an, Shaanxi.
In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), the emperor appointed him as Siren Road, Guizhou Province, and was also the chief secretary's political participation and deputy envoy of the inspection department.
Chenniangu has been an official all his life, and he has a clean and honest voice.
When he was appointed as the magistrate of Raoyang County, he visited anonymously to understand the people's feelings. First, rectify local public security, punish local bullies "two tigers", eliminate bandits, and one side will be safe.
Later, he set up a school and built water conservancy projects, which won the hearts of the people.
After three years in office, this evaluation is "the most reported in this session".
When he presided over the provincial examination in Shaanxi, he selected a group of scholars with real talent and practical learning, which was appreciated by the emperor shunzhi.
When he was in Guizhou, he practiced benevolent government and advocated and safeguarded national unity.
He went to Miao village to investigate, to clear the grievances of Miao people, to promote fair grain payment, and to quell local Miao riots.
It is of great significance to stabilize the situation in the border areas to implement the practice of equal remuneration for Han and Miao people and free admission for all.
When the Ministry of Housing was in charge of salt administration, it achieved remarkable results by monopolizing salt administration.
Its story is recorded in the annals of Zhou Jun.
Chennian Valley enjoys a high reputation in Zhou Jun and even the whole country. In addition to being an honest official and a competent minister, there is also a case-solving drama My Fair Case.
The image of Chen Shimei's ingratitude is depicted in the work My Beauty Case, which alludes to Chennian Valley and tarnishes its reputation.
According to the examination, during the Shunzhi period, Chennian Valley and Jin Lan's classmates Hu Mengdie and Qiu Menglin went to Beijing to see Chennian Valley, but failed to get an official position.
Due to the change of the election law of civil servants in the official department, one person can be recommended as an official.
Hu and Qiu are just scholars and cannot be recommended.
Therefore, Chennian Valley gave each person 200 taels of silver to repay his previous kindness.
Hu and Qiu are deeply worried about this. On their way back to Zhou Jun, they watched the drama Pipa Trip in Nanyang, and bribed Wu Youren, the class leader, to change the hero of Pipa Trip to Chen Shimei and the heroine Zhao Dancer to Qin Xianglian to insult Chennian Valley.
Later, it was further revised and eventually became a "beautiful case."
At that time, it had a bad influence in Chennian Valley, and Zhou Junren banned the performance of My Case.
Many people in later generations reversed his conviction and set things right for him. Text and drama works such as The Secret History of Chennian Valley and Chen Shimei's Complaints have been corrected one after another.
In fact, the old valley of historical figures and Chen Shimei of dramatic figures are completely irrelevant, and their reputations should be intact.