202 1 seventh grade geography knowledge points induction
1, China is located in the Eastern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere; In the east of Eurasia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.
2. China has a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers and has 20 neighboring countries. (14 land neighbors, 6 countries across the sea)
3. The administrative region of China is divided into three levels: province, county and township. The provincial administrative divisions of China include 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government and 2 special administrative regions. (34 persons in total)
4. Population characteristics of China: large population and rapid population growth.
5. Characteristics of population distribution in China: uneven, bounded by Heihe and Tengchong, with few things.
6. The characteristics of ethnic distribution in China: large mixed communities and small settlements; Ethnic minorities are mainly distributed in the northwest, southwest and northeast regions.
7. Fill in the main ethnic groups to which the following folk customs belong: Mongolian in Nadam, Dai in Songkran Festival (peacock dance, Bamboo Rice, Gaojiaolou), Korean in Changgu, and Tibetan in Pot Dance.
8. The topographic feature of China is that it is high in the west and low in the east, showing a ladder-like distribution;
9. China's topography is complex and diverse, with vast mountains;
10, the first and second step boundaries: Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain-Hengduan Mountain, and the second and third step boundaries: Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain.
1 1, climate characteristics of China: complex and diverse, with remarkable monsoon climate.
12. Characteristics of winter temperature distribution in China: large temperature difference between north and south in winter. Distribution characteristics of summer temperature in China: Except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the temperature in the north and south is generally high in summer.
13. The regional distribution of precipitation in China decreases from the southeast coast to the northwest inland.
14. The temperature in China is divided into tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, middle temperate, cold temperate and plateau climate zones.
15, the dry and wet areas in China are divided into humid area, semi-humid area, semi-arid area and arid area.
16. The dividing line between monsoon area and non-monsoon area in China is Daxinganling-Yinshan-Helan Mountain. The most typical feature of monsoon climate is the coincidence of rain and heat, which is very beneficial to agricultural production, but the disasters are also very serious, such as floods and droughts caused by abnormal summer monsoon and cold wave and freezing rain caused by abnormal winter monsoon.
17. Compared with the rivers in the north and south of China, the rivers in the south have a large flow and a long flood season, which is due to more precipitation and a long rainy season.
18. Natural resources are mainly renewable and non-renewable. For example, water (land, biology) resources are renewable and mineral resources are non-renewable.
19, China's basic national conditions of natural resources: the total amount is rich and the per capita is insufficient.
20. The basic national policy of land resources in China is to cherish and rationally use every inch of land and effectively protect cultivated land.
2 1, the distribution characteristics of water resources in China: uneven, regional distribution: less in the east, less in the south and less in the north; Time distribution: more in summer and autumn, less in winter and spring.
22. An important way to solve the shortage of water resources in China: saving water and protecting water resources.
23. Ways to solve the uneven distribution of water resources in China: building water conservancy projects; Solve the uneven distribution of time and build reservoirs. For example, the Three Gorges solves the uneven spatial distribution and transfers water across basins. For example, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.
Junior high school people's education edition geography must recite knowledge points in the first semester
I. Maps
The three elements of 1. map are: scale, direction and legend. 1: 100000 means that one centimeter on the map represents one million centimeters on the ground.
2. For the same map sheet, the larger the denominator, the smaller the scale, the simpler the content and the larger the representation range. The smaller the denominator, the larger the scale, the finer the content and the smaller the expression range.
3. Altitude and relative height
4. Where the slope is steep, the contour lines are dense; Where the slope is gentle, the contour lines are sparse. Closed contour center, ① low around and high in the middle, indicating the top of the mountain; ② The periphery is high and the middle is low, indicating the basin; (3) The place between the two peaks is the saddle; ④ The place where contour lines overlap is a steep cliff; ⑤ Ridge line is high in the middle of contour line and low on both sides; 6. This valley is low in the middle and high on both sides.
Second, the land and sea distribution and land and sea changes
1. On the earth, 7 1% is ocean, 29% is land, and seven points are ocean and three points are land. No matter how the earth is divided equally, any hemisphere has an ocean area larger than the land area.
2. Asia and Europe are bounded by Urals, ural river, Caucasus and Turkish Strait. Asia and Africa are bounded by the Suez Canal. North and South America are bounded by the Panama Canal. Asia and North America are bounded by the Bering Strait.
3. The reason of land and sea changes is the change of crust and the rise and fall of sea level, and the secondary reason is human activities.
4. The order of the seven continents is as follows:
Asia-Africa-North America-South America-Antarctica-Europe-Oceania; The continent with the longest longitude span is Antarctica; Asia, the continent with the most latitude; Antarctica with the highest average altitude and Europe with the lowest average altitude.
5. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the earth is divided into six plates, the interior of which is relatively stable, and the boundary zone between plates is relatively active. Volcanoes and earthquakes in the world are concentrated in the boundary zone between plates.
There are two main volcanic seismic belts in the world: a) the Pacific Rim volcanic seismic belt and b) the Mediterranean-Himalayan volcanic seismic belt. China, located between two major earthquake zones, is a country with many earthquakes.
6. Plate movement:
A collision and extrusion: the Mediterranean Sea at the junction of Africa and Asia-Europe plates will disappear due to collision and extrusion of plates; The formation of the Himalayas is due to the extrusion collision between the Eurasian plate and the Indian Ocean plate. Cordillera Mountains (America): The junction of the American plate with the Pacific plate and the Antarctic plate. (Squeeze collision)
B. Tension: Due to the tension between the Indian Ocean plate and the African plate, the Red Sea will expand.
Review method of geography in grade one.
(1) Define the learning content. Is it natural geography such as topography and climate, or human geography such as population city? Or is it a comprehensive situation of physical geography and human geography of a region or a country?
Learning to use maps is the carrier of geographical information, which can make us see the vast geographical environment invisible to the naked eye at a glance. Maps are also tools for learning geography. By analyzing the map, we can understand the geographical characteristics, principles and causes, and find ways to use and transform it. To learn to read and use all kinds of maps, we must first remember the most basic maps. For world geography, the first thing to remember is the distribution of seven continents and four oceans.
(2) Know where the learning area is? We should make full use of globes and maps to understand the spatial position and spatial relationship of the above geographical things.
Learning to use textbooks is not only a tool to master knowledge and skills, but also the basis to cultivate self-study ability. The table of contents indicates the main points of this book and the relationship between them, so you should read it often to understand the content of this book. Read the text carefully, often think deeply, grasp the main points, write down the questions, pay special attention to the illustrations and tables, and understand the problems illustrated by the charts.
(3) Understand the causes of geographical things. For example, why is one region different from another and why are some regions very similar?
Paying attention to geographical observation means thinking and observing carefully. Take a look at the local geographical environment and how people move around there. Get geographical information through newspapers, TV programs and pictures, and exercise our intelligence.
(4) Understand the influence of the geographical things you have learned. Whether it's good or bad.
Only by recognizing the importance of learning geography can we treat learning consciously. If we want to devote ourselves to socialist construction, we can't do it without China's geographical knowledge. Imagine a place that knows nothing about physical geography and human geography. Why did you start construction? It is impossible to know world events without knowing world geography.
To learn geography well, the most important thing is to read and learn to draw, and use pictures to help understand and remember, so as to "have pictures in mind".
Secondly, we should learn from the point of view of connection. For example, there is a close relationship between climate and agriculture, minerals and industry, population distribution and natural environment. Various natural conditions are interrelated, such as climate and hydrology, hydrology and vegetation. So you can't study in isolation and learn by rote. Memorize on the basis of understanding.
Besides. To learn geography, we should not only understand the contents of textbooks, but also learn the skills of reading, using and drawing geographical charts. We should also pay attention to observing nature and society, seeing the local geographical environment, and seeing how people are active in the local area. When observing, think about it and ask why.
Besides these, we should read more geography books, newspapers, watch TV programs and listen to the contents about geography on the radio, and get geographical information from the computer network, which can enrich our geographical knowledge, exercise our intelligence and let us learn geography better!
Summary of key knowledge points at the end of the second volume of geography in the first day of junior high school;
★ Focus on learning the geography knowledge points in the second volume of Grade 7.
★ Summary of knowledge points in the second volume of geography in the first day of junior high school
★ Summary of knowledge points at the end of the first volume of geography.
★ induction of geographical knowledge points in the second volume of the seventh grade
★ Focus on the geography exam in the seventh grade.
★ Geography Volume 1 (3) Summary of knowledge points at the end of the term
★ Summary of knowledge points in the second volume of geography in the first day of junior high school
★ Review the geographical knowledge points in the final exam of the first volume of the first day of junior high school.
★ Review and summary of knowledge points of geography in the seventh grade in the next semester
★ Summary of key geographical knowledge points in the second volume of the first day of junior high school (2)