Cheng Menxue Pear tells the story of Shi Yang and You Zuo, scholars in Song Dynasty, asking Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao for advice.

Cheng, a native of Yichuan, Luoyang, was a famous Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Cheng's theory was inherited and developed by Zhu, which is called "Cheng-Zhu School". Shi Yang and Zuo You, who are studying Chengcheng, have great respect. You Yang, two people, originally studied under Cheng Hao. After Cheng Hao's death, both of them were forty years old and had been admitted to Jinshi. However, they had to go to Cheng Yi to continue their studies. The story happened on the day when they first visited Cheng Yi in Songyang Academy.

According to legend, one day, Shi Yang and You Zuo came to Songyang Academy to visit Cheng Yi, and met an old gentleman who closed his eyes and took a nap. Cheng Yi knew that two guests were coming, but he wanted to keep silent and ignored them. Yang Heyou dared not disturb Mr. Wang's rest, but stood in awe and said nothing until he opened his eyes. After waiting for a long time, Cheng Yicai woke up like Luo, met Yang Heyou, and pretended to be surprised and said, "Ah! Ah! Sages have been calling here for a long time! " It means you two are still here. It was a very cold day in winter, and I don't know when it began to snow. There is more than a foot of snow outside the door.

This story is called "Cheng Men Sydney". It was widely circulated among scholars in the Song Dynasty. Later, when people describe respecting teachers and earnestly seeking advice, they often quote this allusion and idiom.

Civilized etiquette story

1. Honesty and courtesy-Yan Zhaowang's pursuit of virtue.

Since Meng Changjun was removed, Qi Min and Chu Weiwang destroyed the Song State and became more arrogant. He was bent on annexing the nations and came to heaven himself. Gal, governors of all countries are not satisfied with him; Yan, especially the northern part of Qi, was bullied by Qi and wanted revenge. Yan is a big country. Later, it spread to kuài, and after listening to the bad guys' ideas, he actually learned the legendary method of Yao Shun's abdication and gave the throne to Xiangguozi. General Yan and Prince Ping attacked the son, and the state of Yan was in chaos. In the name of pacifying the civil strife in Yan State, Qi State entered Yan State, and Yan State almost perished. Later, the soldiers and civilians of Yan made the prince the monarch, rose up and drove the army of Qi out.

Prince Ping acceded to the throne, that is. He made up his mind to make Yan strong. He made up his mind to find talents to govern the country, but he didn't find the right person. He was reminded that Guo Kun, an old minister, was quite knowledgeable, so it was better to ask him.

Yan Zhaowang personally went to see Guo Kun and said to him, "I will never forget the humiliation of Qi invading us during the civil strife in our country. But now Yan's national strength is weak, and it is not yet possible to avenge it. If a wise man comes to avenge me, I would rather wait on him. Can you recommend such talents? "

Guo Kun touched his beard and said thoughtfully, "I don't know whether to recommend ready-made talents." Please allow me to tell a story first. " Then, he told a story:

In ancient times, there was a monarch who liked swift horses. He sent people everywhere to look for it, but he couldn't find it for three years. A courtier found a precious swift horse somewhere far away and told the monarch that he could buy it back by giving him 1200 gold. The monarch was very happy and sent his courtiers to buy it with 1200 gold. Unexpectedly, when the courtiers arrived, Maxima had died of illness. The courtiers thought it was not good to go back empty-handed, so they took out half the gold they brought and bought the horse bones back.

The courtiers presented the horse bones to the monarch, who was furious and said, "I want you to buy a live horse." Who asked you to spend money to buy back the useless horse bones? " The courtier said unhurriedly, "People have heard that you are willing to spend money to buy a dead horse, and you are afraid that no one will send a live horse?"

You presided over the skepticism and no longer blamed the courtiers. As soon as the news spread, everyone thought that the monarch really loved swift horses. Within a year, several swift horses were sent from all directions.

After telling this story, Guo Kun said, "Your Majesty must be thirsty for talents. It is better to try me as a horse bone."

Yan Zhaowang was greatly encouraged. After he came back, he immediately sent someone to build a very exquisite house for Guo Kun to live in and worshipped Guo Kun as his teacher. When the world's talents heard that they were sincerely recruiting talents, they ran to Yan to inquire. One of the most famous is Zhao. Yan Zhaowang worshipped Le Yi as Yaqing and asked him to rectify the state affairs.

Others, such as Kong Rong, Jean Pear and Liu Gongquan, offered a humble apology.

Sean is a master.

Sean (? -Former 186), a strategist of Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Western Han Dynasty. His ancestors were Koreans. After Qin destroyed Korea, he decided to avenge South Korea. Once, because of the attempted assassination of Qin Shihuang, he was hunted down and took refuge in Xiapi.

Sean has nothing to do next time. One day, while walking on Xiapi Bridge, he met an old man wearing a coarse cloth and a short coat. He walked beside Sean and deliberately dropped his shoes under the bridge. Then he turned to Sean and said, "Son! Get off the bridge and pick up my shoes! " Sean was shocked and wanted to give him a beating, but when he saw that he was an old man, he held back his anger and picked up the shoes under the bridge. The old man ordered again: "put on your shoes!" " "Sean thought that since he picked up the shoes, he might as well put them on, so he knelt on the ground and put them on himself. The old man put out his foot and asked Sean to help him put it on. Then he left with a smile. Sean has been watching his whereabouts with surprised eyes. The old man walked down the corridor, then turned to Sean and said, "You are a child who can be trained to be a successful person. Meet me here at dawn in the morning five days later! " Sean knelt down and said, "Yes." At first light on the fifth day, Sean arrived at Xiapi Bridge. Unexpectedly, the old man was already waiting there. When he saw Zhang Liang, he said angrily, "Why are you late for your date with the old man? Come back the next morning on the fifth day! " Say that finish and left. On the morning of the fifth day, as soon as the chicken crowed, Sean rushed over, but the old man was waiting there again. When he saw Zhang Liang, he said angrily, "Why did you fall behind me again? "Come early in five days!" Then he left again. On the fifth day, Sean arrived at the bridge before midnight. After a long wait, the old man came. He said happily, "Great." Then he took out a book, pointed to it and said, "If you study this book carefully, you can be the emperor's teacher!" " ! In ten years, the world will change and you will be rich. In the next 13 years, you will see me at the foot of Gucheng Mountain in Jibei County-there is a yellow stone there that is me. "The old man said and went away.

At dawn in the morning, Sean took out his book and read it. It turned out to be Sun Tzu's Art of War (assisted by Zhou Wuwang)! Sean cherishes it very much, often reads it carefully, and studies and studies it repeatedly.

10 years later, Chen Sheng and others rose up against the state of Qin, and more than 100 people responded. Pei Gong Liu Bang led thousands of troops and captured some places west of Xiapi. Sean joined him and became his subordinate. From then on, Sean often made suggestions to Pei according to Sun Tzu's Art of War. Pei thought it was very good and often adopted his strategies. Later, he became Liu Bang's strategist who strategized and won thousands of miles. After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, he was named Liu Hou.

Sean will never forget the old man who taught him the art of war. 13 years later, when he followed Liu Bang through Jibei, he saw a yellow stone at the foot of the ancient city mountain and took it back, calling it "Huang Shigong", which was a treasure and sacrificed on time. After Sean died, his family buried Yellowstone National Park with him.