In 755, the Bulgarian leader Ty Lai Ci (телец) invaded Byzantium and was repulsed by the Byzantine Emperor Constantine V (7 18 ~775). In Macel in 759 and Achyarus in 763, Bulgaria suffered successive failures. A peace treaty was signed in 767. Lai Ci, known as Khan in 76 1 year, planned to raid Byzantium in 772, but Byzantium learned about it. The two armies fought until Constantine V died in 775. In 780, the war resumed, and the Byzantine Queen Irina (752-803) seized part of northern Bulgaria, while Bulgarian Khan Kadam (кардам) forced Byzantium to resume paying tribute to Bulgaria in 792. In 809, the Byzantine emperor Nisforus I (? ~8 1 1 year) captured the Bulgarian capital Plisca. Bulgarian Khan krum (крум) (? ~8 14 years) repeated summation is strictly rejected. However, there was a struggle for power within Byzantium. From 803 to 8 10, it fought with Frank Charlemagne, resulting in scattered forces. 8 1 1 year, a Bulgarian night attack killed Nisforus, and his skull was made into a wine glass by krum. In the Battle of Willesee Nicchia in 8 13, the Byzantine general Leo, an Armenian, led the Armenian army to mutiny, and the Byzantine emperor Michael I (81-813 reigned) was defeated. Leo immediately usurped the throne, calling himself Leo V. In 8 17, Leo defeated Bulgaria in the Battle of Messembria (Mi Shan) and forced it to sign a 30-year peace treaty. Bulgarian Khan Boris I (борс I) (852-889) was renamed the Grand Duke in 864 and accepted the Orthodox Church as the state religion in 865. In 889, due to the conflict of trade rights, war broke out again. In 894, the Bulgarian Grand Duke Simon Simeon (симеонI) (? ~927) defeated the Greek army. In 895, instigated by Byzantium, Arpad (840-907) led magyars to attack Bulgaria. West Burma formed an alliance with Pacey Nie, a nomadic people in South Russia, and defeated Madzar. Arpad was forced to flee the homeland of the Black Sea, invade the Danube River basin, seize the land of local Slavs, and establish a dynasty in today's Hungary. After Simeon defeated magyars, he marched south and won in 896. In 897, Byzantium made peace and paid tribute to Bulgaria every year. In 9 13, Simeon claimed to be the czar (цар), led an army to attack Constantinople, signed a harsh treaty at the gate, and left without a fight. A palace coup took place in Byzantium, and Queen Zoe (906-920) successfully seized power. In 9 14, the Simeon Army occupied Macedonia, Fort Adrian and Albania, and in 9 18, it tried to seize northern Greece and Thessaloniki (eastern Greece). In the following five years, the West Burma besieged Constantinople four times, all of which failed because of the lack of maritime power. When Simeon died in 927, the war was over. Western Yunnan is called Great Western Yunnan (симеонвелики) because of its achievements. In 98 1 year, Byzantine Emperor Vasily II (958 ~ 1025) invaded Bulgaria and was captured by Bulgarian Tsar Samuel (самуил). ~ 10 14) was defeated near Sofia. In 986, Samuel invaded Saglia, Thailand, occupied Larissa and Durakim, and used Byzantine infighting to expand into eastern Bulgaria. Basire led the army to fight hard and defeated Bulgaria in the Bulgarian capitals of Ohrid and Spekheos in 996. 1003, Brazil retaken Greece and Macedonia. In 10 14, during the Chacha campaign in Belasi, Brazilian mines destroyed Samuel's main force, and 15000 Bulgarians were captured. Basire cruelly sent 100 Bulgarian prisoners of war to lead the way, and 99 of them filed out with their eyes and were sent back to China. Mr Moore was scared to death. 10 18, Basire, known as the "Butcher of Bulgarians", incorporated Bulgaria into Byzantium, but allowed it to be autonomous. 1040, Samuel's grandson p Deyang (петърделян) launched the war of independence, was known as the czar in Belgrade, and was in power together with the royal prince Arousi Annous. The independence army attacked the Byzantine city of Thessaloniki and was repelled. Then, internal disputes resumed. Arousi Annous ambushed Deyang and gouged out his eyes. 104 1 year, the war of independence was suppressed. 1072, Samuel's great grandson Constantine Bojing (константинбодин) stood on his own feet. 1 185, Peter IV (петъ 1088iv) and Ivan Assen I (иванасс). 1265, Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII (1224 ~ 1282) went out to seize the territory south of Hermes (Balkan Mountains) in Bulgaria. On his way back, he was ambushed, captured alive and forced to promise to return to these two ports. Bulgaria left the army on 1272 because Michael VIII broke his word, but failed. Since then, it has abandoned the ports of Rus, Anchia and Burria, Mei Sen. Under the influence of Byzantium, Bulgarians believed in the Orthodox Church. Today, most Bulgarians still believe in the Orthodox Church. Bulgarian culture is also deeply influenced by Byzantium. After 1389 Kosovo Campaign and 1396 Nicofort Campaign, Bulgaria lost its independence. Become a province of the Ottoman Empire. /kloc-In the late 20th century, under the leadership of Vasily levski, the independence movement rose. 1878, after the Russian-Turkish war, Bulgaria became independent, and the kingdom of Bulgaria was established with the help of Russia. Bulgaria sided with Germany in World War I and World War II. After World War II, it was included in the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union. 1946 abolished the monarchy, established the People's Republic of Bulgaria, and later became a member of Warsaw Treaty Organization. Simeon II, the last monarch, was elected Prime Minister of the Republic in 200 1. With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Bulgaria decided to implement a multi-party system in 1990, and the Grand National Assembly decided to change its name to the Republic of Bulgaria in 165438+ 10. After the disintegration of Warsaw Treaty Organization, Bulgaria joined NATO on March 29th, 2004.
Legend has it that in ancient times, God distributed wealth to monarchs of various countries, including mountains, rivers, land, climate and so on. On this day, the monarchs of all countries arrived on time and got wealth from God. Only the monarch of Bulgaria came late and didn't get it. God felt sorry for him, so he took back a little but also the best part of his wealth from other monarchs and gave it to the Bulgarian monarch. Therefore, Bulgaria, a tiny place, is blessed with superior geographical conditions and natural environment than any other country in the world. Bulgarians proudly call themselves "the darling of God".
Bulgaria's warm climate and good geological soil provide good conditions for the growth of roses. There are many kinds of roses there, which are the highest in the world, so Bulgaria is called "the country of roses". Roses have high economic value, and it is said that the price of rose oil extracted from them is three times that of gold per kilogram. And refining 1 kg rose oil requires two or three thousand kilograms of rose petals! Bulgaria is the largest producer and exporter of rose oil in the world, and 70% of the rose oil used to make perfume and essence in the world comes from Bulgaria.
May and June are the seasons when Bulgarian roses are in full bloom. At this time, colorful roses are everywhere, and the air is filled with thick fragrance. Among many roses, the rose in "Rose Valley" is the most vivid and fragrant. "Rose Valley" is a basin surrounded by mountains, with an area of about 3,000 hectares, located near Kazanlek, a city in southern Bulgaria. With mild climate and suitable rainfall, the valley is not only the largest rose production base in Bulgaria, but also a famous tourist attraction. Every year when the roses are in full bloom, people come from all directions to celebrate Bulgaria's annual national festival-Rose Festival. The first Saturday in June is the opening day of the Rose Festival every year. Previously, Kazanlek held a trial of the Queen of Roses. Unmarried women in or around the city can sign up for the competition. After several rounds of selection, a rose queen was finally selected, who will become the soul of the whole rose festival. Bulgaria's rose essential oil is definitely the best and most expensive in the world, and it is known as "liquid gold"!