The cause of the incident was that on August 9th, a Japanese lieutenant stationed in Shanghai led a soldier, ignoring the resistance of China security guards, and attempted to take a military vehicle to rush into Hongqiao China military airport for provocation.

The China Garrison at the airport was fed up and shot and killed two Japanese soldiers.

Immediately after the incident, Yu Hung chun, the mayor of Shanghai, made representations with the Japanese side, expressing the hope to solve the problem through diplomatic channels. On the one hand, the Japanese government sent personnel to negotiate with China to paralyze China; on the other hand, it stepped up its war plan and sent more troops to Shanghai.

On August 13, the Japanese army made preparations and launched a large-scale attack on the China garrison under the pretext of the above-mentioned incident.

Under the leadership of General Zhang Zhizhong and with the support of the people of Shanghai and the whole country, the Japanese army struggled to resist and launched two major battles against China.

The "August 13th Incident" was launched by Japan after a long period of careful planning.

On July 17, Ito Hasegawa, commander of the Third Fleet of the Japanese Navy in Shanghai, stressed in his report to the Japanese Navy Command: "In order to destroy China, it is most important to control Shanghai and Nanjing.

"The Japanese chieftain ascended the throne of the Emperor and destroyed China's economic center, Shanghai, through war, and then took control of the rich Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, exposing China's aggressive purpose of losing its resistance.

The memorial said: The purpose of attacking Shanghai is to "make it lose its function as an economic center" and "resolutely impose a blockade on the coast of China at an appropriate time, so as to threaten the survival of China nationals and troops and cut off foreign economic activities".

At the beginning of August, the Japanese navy immediately organized Japanese expatriates in cities along the Yangtze River to transfer to the Japanese concession in a planned way.

On August 12, Japanese leader Lu Haijun reached an agreement to send troops to invade Shanghai.

That night, the Japanese cabinet held a secret military meeting and decided to send more troops to China to participate in the war.

13 At 9: 00 am on August 9th, more than 6,000 Japanese troops, under the command of Ito Tanikawa, commander of the Third Fleet, raided Zhabei, occupied Baziqiao and Zhi Zhi University, and bombarded Shanghai with Japanese heavy artillery.

China defenders fought back and two battles broke out.

The Japanese attack troops are: 3rd, 6th, 9th, 11th, 10 1, 105, 106,10,/kloc. Osami Nagano, commander-in-chief of the Japanese army, and Gen. Matsui, general of the Shanghai Dispatching Army, were in charge.

China's resistance is divided into three ways: the right army governs the eighth and tenth armies; The middle route army governs the ninth and twenty-first army groups; The Left Army has 19 and 15 armies, and there are 9 divisions directly under the central government, with a total of about 50 divisions and about 700,000 people.

Feng Yuxiang, Gu and Zhang Zhizhong are all in charge of the command.

The battle is divided into three stages.

In the first stage, the Japanese army was on the defensive.

The defenders of China dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders and took the initiative to attack 14 on the Japanese positions.

After August 23, the fighting entered the second stage.

At this time, reinforcements from both sides arrived and the scale of the war expanded.

On 23rd, General Matsui Shigen, commander of the Japanese Shanghai Dispatching Army, led the 3rd and 1 1 divisions to land in Wusong and Chuansha at the same time.

Attacked China defenders in Wusong, Baoshan, Luodian and Liuhe, and the two sides fought fiercely and suffered heavy casualties.

By the 29th, Luodian had fallen.

Japanese planes bombed Shanghai indiscriminately.