Ganges culture flourished from 1800 BC to 600 BC, which was a famous Vedic era in India.

Vedic times can be divided into early and late periods. The early Rigvedic period was about 1800 BC ~ 1000 BC. The later period is about BC 1000 ~ 600 BC.

Family is rarely mentioned in early classics, and society is tribal; In the later period, the tribal society was divided into four societies of Varna.

Among the four kinds of Varna, sudra is the lowest, Veda is the middle, and Khrushchev and Brahman are the upper.

Ancient India

The historical characteristics of ancient India (600 BC-800 AD) lie in the establishment of Varna system and its transformation to caste system, the assimilation of tribal society and its transformation to the state, the rise of land-grant system and its transformation to feudal system, the decline of Buddhism, the rise of neo-Brahmanism and its transformation to Hinduism.

Buddha period

(6 ~ 2 centuries ago) The Buddhist period from the end of the Vedas (600 years ago) to the Peacock Dynasty in the Mohist kingdom was the second urban prosperity period after the prosperity of the Indus Cultural City.

During this period, Sakyamuni founded Buddhism and Daxiong founded Jainism.

According to Buddhist literature, there were 16 countries in India at the beginning of the 6th century BC.

The main ones are Mojeto, Jia corpse, only Salo, only Postscript, Gulu, Puzheluo and Gandhara.

Among the great powers in this period, Varna's hierarchy replaced the tribal system.

Monarchs and warriors become Khshatriya, priests and teachers become Brahmins, farmers and taxpayers become Vedas, and laborers who serve the above three levels become sudra.

murder plot

(322 BC ~ BC 185) The founder of the Peacock Dynasty in Mojeto Kingdom was Viprabharata, who was contemporary with the Buddha.

In the peacock dynasty, only the king had the right to have a standing army and accept tributes.

The king's coming to power marked the victory of the long-term struggle with Brahmins, but Brahmins still held the power of the Peacock Dynasty.

During the reign of Ashoka, the centralized rule of the slave monarchy in ancient India reached its peak.

In order to expand his kingdom, King Ashoka fought for 1 1 year, but the bloodiness and cruelty of the war made him repent.

Later, Ashoka converted to Buddhism and established new laws on the basis of Buddhist peace theory.

King Ashoka built roads, expanded irrigation projects, developed the national economy and made the country prosperous.

Invasion period

After the demise of the Peacock Dynasty (200 BC-200 AD), there were foreign invasions in northwest India.

1. Bactria in Central Asia-The Greeks invaded the northwest of the Indian subcontinent in the early 2nd century BC.

Then came the invasion of the rest, the Serbs and the big moon family.

One of the most important is the rule of Guibi Empire in India.

After the establishment of the People's Republic of Kujura Cadiz, the country became stronger and stronger, invaded India and wiped out the remnants of the summer in India.

During the reign of Yan Gaozhen and Ganeshega, they constantly invaded India, and all of them were included in the territory of Guishuang Empire from West India to the middle of the Ganges River basin.

With the support and protection of Kaneshega, Mahayana Buddhism rose in India.

Hinayana Buddhism is popular in Ceylon, Myanmar and other places.

Satavahana period

The 300-year history of Satavahana Kingdom (65438 BC +000 ~ 200 AD) combines Deccan culture and northern culture.

The king there first granted land to Brahmins and exercised military rule over tribal areas.

Gupta dynasty

(320 ~ 540) Gupta dynasty rose from the ruins of uncanny workmanship.

Founded in 275, it ruled northern and western India for about 120 years.

The kingship shrinks and the official position is hereditary.

Foreign trade is shrinking.

The types of castes and the names of Dalits have increased.

Idolatry is becoming more and more common in temples.

The culture was splendid at that time. Two epics (Ramayana and Mahabharata), the manuscript of Shagongdaro by Kali Dhara and the earlier Book of the Past were all compiled during the Gupta Dynasty, and some dharma books were also compiled.

In terms of art, Ajanta Grottoes in China and India are rich and colorful, representing the artistic achievements of this period.

North India

(606 ~ 647) King Jerzy was the last famous emperor in ancient India.

At that time, foreign trade was sluggish and there was a lack of money.

The regime follows more, but it is more dispersed.

The capital moved from Fahrenheit to a group of women, that is, from a foreign trade city to a military and political important place.

After the death of the Japanese king, the apparent unification of North India came to an end.

South India

(200 BC ~ 750 AD)

Almost every country in South India has several vassals, and each vassal has its own army, its own administrative system and tax collection agencies.

The history of the southernmost country began in 1 1 century.

Ancient South India is divided into two historical periods: the first period is 200 BC-300 AD; The second period is 300 ~ 750 years.