Hankou appears as a place name in Historical Records. Today's Hankou actually has only a history of more than 500 years, which began with the diversion of Hanshui River during Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty. The Hanshui River was originally injected into the Yangtze River from the south of Guishan, and its mainstream was injected into the Yangtze River from Jijiazui in the north of Guishan during Chenghua years. After the diversion of the Hanshui River, the low-lying wasteland developed into Hankou, which is also known as the four famous towns with Zhu Xian in Henan, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi and Foshan in Guangdong.
Hankou has been open to trade since the Opium War. There is a land of about 2.2 square kilometers in the middle section of Jiang Yan Road in Hankou, north of Jianghan Road, south of Taikoo Gorge Pier in Mayang Street and southeast of Zhongshan Avenue, where there are various European-style buildings such as Gothic, Rococo and Baroque. This is the remains of Hankou Concession 19 from the 1960s to the first half of the 20th century. It is geographically arranged from southwest to northeast and divided into five concessions: Britain, Russia, France, Germany and Japan. The number of Hankou Concessions is second only to Tianjin, ranking second in the country, the area is second only to Shanghai and Tianjin, ranking third in the country, and its influence ranks first among foreign concessions in the mainland. According to the unequal treaties, foreign powers implemented another system in the concession, which was independent of the administrative system and legal system of the China government and became a country within a country. But objectively, it also promoted the modernization process of Wuhan, and left us many experiences for reference in urban planning, urban infrastructure construction, urban traffic and public health management.
The origin of Hankou
186 1 On March 7th, 2008, Weber, the boss of Shanghai Baoshun Foreign Firm, Wesley, a British official, and Yang Guang, the general manager, sent a group of 45 people to Hankou by British ship to meet the official documents and ask for trade. In Hankou, Chief Executive Li entrusted the shopkeeper to find a warehouse, with an annual rent of 420 yuan. Later, he left the general manager and several entourage, and Weber and Wesley still returned to Shanghai. On March 1 1, British Navy Commander Herb and Counsellor led a fleet of four warships and hundreds of sailors to arrive in Korea. /kloc-in March/February, Herb led two warships from Hankou to Yuezhou near Dongting Lake, and then returned to Han in June 16. On June 16, Herb and Parkes went up the Han River under the protection of the artillery team of the official school. Note that the British once "walked on the Han River", so the Longwang Temple is the only place they passed. It seems reasonable to choose this throat where the two rivers meet to establish a concession. On March 20th, Herb, Parkes and his party made a field survey with Hanyang Prefecture and demarcated the concession. On March 2 1 day, he went to Yamen, Hubei Province, and signed the Hankou Concession Clause with Hubei Ambassador Tang.
Hankou in Wuhan has a resident history of about 540 years. According to the book, it was the Tianshun period of the Ming Dynasty, that is, the eve of the diversion of the Hanshui River. A citizen of Jiangxia County named Xiaoer took over the wasteland at the northern foot of Guishan Mountain. Like the second landlord, he subcontracted the land to a man named Zhang Tianjue, and then collected 30 cents from the Zhang family every year. So Zhang Tianjue led his family here. They built a foundation and a house here, and have settled here ever since. After the diversion of Hanshui River, Zhang Tianjue's family became the first generation of residents along the Hanshui River. Fifty years have passed, and by the fourth year of Jiajing, there were 1395 households in Hankou. In Hankou, Wuhan, 1904, Zhang Zhidong presided over the construction of Houhu Guandi. The flood in Houhu Lake has always been the enemy of Hankou. Although Hankou continues to fill the soil, low-lying areas are still all over the city. During the flood season, the water in Houhu Lake naturally surges. Even in the non-flood season, floods often come uninvited. In order to completely solve the flood in Houhu Lake, Zhang Zhidong spent a total of 802,000 silver and specially invited foreign engineers to design and build the Houhu levee with a total length of 34 Li. This dike starts from the dike corner in the east, passes through Daijiashan and Gusao Tree, and reaches Qikou. This has turned nearly 100,000 low-lying wasteland around the levee into fertile land, and the area of Hankou has expanded dozens of times. The function of Hankou fort became meaningless because of the construction of Houhu Guandi. Two or three years later, the castle was demolished and converted into a highway. In memory of Zhang Zhidong, people called this dike Zhang Gongdi. Build Zhangzhidong Road.
From Yuan Gongdi to Hankou Fort and then to Zhang Gongdi, Hankou was pushed northward by a large area every time, and Hankou, which started from a small river, was transformed into a big Hankou. It took only a few hundred years for Hankou to surpass the ancient towns of Wuchang and Hanyang, which have a history of thousands of years, and become one of the four famous towns in China.