National flag: it is a horizontal rectangle with a length-width ratio of about 3: 2. The flag surface consists of three parallel and equal horizontal rectangles, which are white, blue and red from top to bottom. Russia has a vast territory, which spans three climatic zones: the frigid zone, the sub-frigid zone and the temperate zone, and is connected in parallel by three-color horizontal rectangles, indicating this feature of Russia's geographical location. White represents the natural landscape with snow all year round in the cold zone; Blue not only represents the sub-cold zone, but also symbolizes Russia's rich underground mineral deposits and natural resources such as forests and hydropower. Red is a symbol of temperate zone, and it also symbolizes Russia's long history and contribution to human civilization. The white, blue and red tricolor flag comes from the red, white and blue tricolor flag adopted during the reign of Peter the Great in 1697. Red, white and blue are called pan-Slavic colors. 1965438+The tricolor flag was cancelled after the victory of the October Revolution in 2007. 1920, the Soviet government adopted a new national flag, consisting of red and blue, with vertical blue stripes on the left and five-pointed stars and crossed hammers and sickles on the red flag on the right. This flag is followed by the flag of the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic. 1922 after the founding of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the national flag was changed to a red flag with a golden five-pointed star, a sickle and a hammer in the upper left corner. 199 1 year, the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Russian Federation, and then the white, blue and red national flag was adopted as the national flag.

National emblem: It's a coat of arms. 1993165438+1October 30th, Russia decided to adopt the double-headed eagle pattern national emblem of Ivan the Beagle before the October Revolution: there is a golden double-headed eagle on the red shield, with three crowns of Peter the Great on its head, and a scepter and a golden ball symbolizing imperial power on its claws. The eagle's chest is a small shield with knights and white horses on it. The origin of the double-headed eagle can be traced back to15th century. The double-headed eagle was originally the emblem of Constantine I of Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire once spanned two continents: Europe and Asia. It looks at the west and the east, symbolizing the unity of the two continents and the unity of all ethnic groups. 1453, the once glorious Byzantine Empire was destroyed by the Ottoman Turkish Empire, and the Byzantine emperor Constantine Xi died heroically. His two younger brothers, one surrendered to the Ottoman Empire, and the other fled to Rome with his two sons and daughter Sophia Gulog. Later, two sons and a daughter were raised by the Pope after their father died. In order to resist the Turks with the help of Russian military power, Roman politicians at that time betrothed Sophia to the Russian Ivan III of Russia, the Grand Duke of Moscow. Sophia came to Russia wearing the majestic double-headed eagle emblem of Byzantine Empire. Sophia assisted her husband, Ivan III of Russia of Russia, and basically unified the land of Russia, forming a vast and unified country. 1497, the double-headed eagle first appeared on the Russian national seal as the national emblem until 19 18. 1993165438+1October 30th, this two-headed eagle symbolizing the unity of the Russian nation "flew" back to the Russian national emblem. At the end of the 20th century, the State Duma legally determined that the double-headed eagle was the national symbol of Russia.

Russian abstract:/ziliao/2002-06/01/content _ 418805.htm.