In the northwest of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, there is a well-preserved palace-style building complex in China in the early Qing Dynasty. This is the mansion built by Emperor Kangxi for his sixth daughter Princess Gulun to marry the Mongolian Gurkha in Mobei. Commonly known as Princess House, it has a history of more than 300 years.
2065438+September 2004 Gulun Princess Kejing government ticket 30 yuan/person.
Princess Julun was born to a noble person of Emperor Kangxi, ranking sixth. Because the first two sisters both died young, she was also called the Fourth Princess. Huei-fang was smart and lively since she was a child, and was deeply loved by her father. /kloc-At the age of 0/3, she was awarded the title of Princess Heshuo by her father. The meaning of a tribe in Heshuo Manchu. According to the system of Qing dynasty, a princess born to a concubine can be named "Heshuo". Her biological mother is a nobleman below my concubine. Huei-fang can win this honor, which marks her promotion, and her rank is equivalent to that of county king. Later, he won the championship twice.
"DPRK-China friendship" and Manchu-Mongolian marriage is one of the important frontier policies of the Qing Dynasty, which runs through the development process of the Qing Dynasty. Before entering the Qing Dynasty, there was a "finger marriage system", that is, the marriage of members of the royal family was decided by the emperor. In the Qing Dynasty, the royal clan married 163 Mongolian princesses and 432 Mongolian princesses and Gege, and their children married each other, forming a large-scale and multi-level kinship.
In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), Kangxi visited galdan in Moxi Mongolia for the third time, and Halka, an ancient Mongolian in Mobei, hoped that the levy would take effect. In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi, Kangxi married his 18-year-old daughter, Princess Heshuo, to Dundo Boudol of Kerkabu. She was the first princess in the Qing royal family to marry Mobei. The princess should have followed Erqidun to preach and returned to Cullen (now Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia), where the Tubo Palace is located in Mobei. After a long journey of ten days, they came to Qingshuihe County (Hohhot) in the south of the desert. At that time, the war in Mobei Gauldin was still going on, and Emperor Kangxi made a decree to stay in Qingshuihe for the safety of the princess.
After the princess got married, she was "soft-hearted and virtuous". 19 years old, Kangxi named her "Princess Jing Ke" for the second time, praising the princess for consolidating northern Xinjiang and abiding by Fan Jing's achievements. The title of Jing Ke clearly shows that she has the mission of "appeasing the vassals", that is, asking her to supervise her in-laws.
Princess Liu's "marriage" is essentially a part of the Qing Dynasty's policy of restraining Mongolian aristocrats, and also a part of the measures of "kissing and helping each other" to the powerful Tubo in Kharka Mongolia. Since then, calka, an outer Mongolia, has always obeyed the Qing government and maintained peace and stability for more than 200 years.
When the Sixth Princess got married, it was the time of social unrest in Mongolia. Cheng Guihua is stable and prosperous, and it is an important material distribution center in the north and south of the desert. Besides, it is very close to the capital, and my husband inherited the throne of the prince, so the princess and the prince returned to Cheng Guihua (now Hohhot) in the north to live for a period of time.
Kangxi personally returned to Beijing with Gordan in triumph, stayed in Guihua City, and invited Emperor Kangxi to set up a mansion five miles north of the city for the princess to live permanently. Well, Duke Boudol worked in Kulun (Ulaanbaatar, Outer Mongolia) for half a year and accompanied the princess in Guihua (Hohhot) for half a year.
Limited to the form at that time, Princess Jing Ke had great power, and was not under the jurisdiction of General Cheng Guihua and the Dutong yamen. In Monan, Mobei, Moxi and Cheng Guihua, officials at all levels invited her to participate in politics, which meant supervising the country for the emperor. Therefore, people call it "Princess Haibei". In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), Yong Zhengdi named 44-year-old Huang Jie Gulun Princess Kejing and made a gold medal.
According to the system of the Qing Dynasty, Princess Heshuo was at the same level as the county king. One of the biggest differences between the two houses is that the county palace uses green glazed tiles, while the latter cannot be used. Princess House was built by the Royal Government according to the large-scale style of the industrial and commercial departments of the imperial court. Its basic pattern is "three axes and four parts", that is, the central axis is the etiquette part, the eastern axis is the residential part, the western road is the leisure part, and there are some supply parts. Covering an area of more than 600 mu, the existing scale is only nearly 20 mu. The mansion has four entrances and five courtyards, with a shadow wall in front and a garden racecourse in the back. The government gate, etiquette gate, jingyitang, bedroom, fitting room, housing and back building are distributed as usual. It was the only princess mansion in China in Qing Dynasty, and now it is the Hohhot Museum.
The gate is the only way for Princess House to welcome important guests and officials. The host and guests held a welcoming ceremony here according to the rules, which strictly embodied the traditional etiquette system in China and was a symbol of rank and status.
Jingyitang
Go through the front hall and enter the second yard. Due north, there is a hall five stories higher than the front hall, which is where the princess receives the distinguished guests. There are three halls on each side, collectively called the hall. In front of it is a square yard and three wings, of which the low room in the south is where servants and guards are waiting to be summoned.
Outside the east and west gables of the temple, there are three matching rooms, forming two courtyards of equal size. Under the eaves of the temple, there are two tablets of "Su Fan" inscribed by Kangxi and a tablet named "Jing Yi Hall", which are hung in the hall and bedroom hall of Princess House respectively. So the princess is also called Princess Jingyi.