The Wealth of Nations, entitled A Study on the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, is an economic work written by Adam Smith, a British classical economist. It was first published in 1776.

The Wealth of Nations holds that human nature is selfish, and the pursuit of personal interests is the only motivation for people to engage in economic activities. At the same time, people are rational. As rational economic people, people can get the greatest personal benefits in economic activities. If this kind of economic activity will not be disturbed, then under the guidance of the invisible hand of the price mechanism, people will not only maximize their personal interests, but also enhance public interests.

The Wealth of Nations laid the theoretical foundation of capitalist free economy, and its publication marked the establishment of the theoretical system of classical political economy, which can be called the "Bible" of western economics.