Loom, also known as spinning machine, loom, cotton spinning machine, etc. At first, it was a shuttleless loom. Since the19th century, it has been studied and gradually introduced to the international market since the 1950s. Since 1970s, many new shuttleless looms have been put into the market. Shuttle-less looms have made remarkable achievements in improving fabrics and improving loom efficiency, and have been widely used in all countries of the world, and accelerated the process of weaving equipment transformation. In many developed countries, the share of shuttleless looms has reached about 80%, and there is a general trend to replace shuttleless looms with shuttleless looms. Catalogue mechanical development loom type machine composition working principle editing this paragraph mechanical development loom, commonly known as loom. The earliest loom was the sitting loom (also called waist loom). The use method is to step on the warp bar of the loom with your feet, hold the beating-up wooden knife in your right hand to tighten the weft, and make a gesture of throwing the weft thread with your left hand. This waist pedal machine has no frame, one end of the cloth winding shaft is tied to the waist, and the warp beam at the other end is pedaled by both feet to tighten the cloth. The warp yarn is divided into two layers according to odd and even numbers by the warp splitter, the warp yarn is raised by the heald lifter to form a shed, the weft yarn is inserted by the bone needle and beaten by the beating-up knife. The most important achievement of waist weaving is the adoption of heald, beam splitter and beating-up knife of old loom. Although this loom is very simple, it has three actions: opening the shed up and down, inserting the weft left and right, and tightening it back and forth. It is the prototype of the modern loom. In the production practice of weaving, people gradually innovated and successfully created the pedal heald loom. Its image appeared many times on stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty. This kind of oblique loom already has a frame, the warp surface is inclined at 50-60 degrees with the transverse frame, and the shedding device of the pedal heald is adopted. Weavers can operate with both hands and feet, and the productivity is generally 10 times higher than that of the original loom. This was the most advanced loom in the world at that time. In the development of textile industry, there are many shuttleless looms, such as rapier loom, projectile loom, air-jet loom, water-jet loom, multiphase loom, magnetic weft insertion loom and so on. Compared with shuttle loom, shuttleless loom has incomparable advantages in output, quality and variety. They have replaced shuttle looms in most weaving fields, and this pace has been further accelerated, and has expanded from the textile industry in developed countries to developing countries. Judging from the technical development of international shuttleless loom and the demand of textile industry, air-jet loom has made great progress in high speed, wide width and serialization. Besides being widely used in cotton textile industry, it is also widely used in yarn-dyed and jacquard fabrics, and rapier loom has advantages in variety adaptability, fabric variety change and wider weaving scope. These two looms have become the two most widely used machines in the textile industry. The development of weaving machinery in China is unbalanced, among which circular knitting machines and warp knitting machines develop rapidly, flat knitting machines and hosiery machines are relatively slow, and crochet machines develop rapidly. There are many kinds of basic products of domestic circular knitting machines, including single-sided circular knitting machines, double-sided circular knitting machines, rib knitting machines, artificial fur machines and so on. Single-side circular knitting machine has four kinds of weave, terry (forward winding and reverse winding), weft insertion, multifunctional single-side machine and so on. The diameter of the tube has developed from 30 inches in the past to 38 ~ 40 inches, and the machine number has also developed from E28 with fine needle pitch to E32 ~ E36. Double-sided circular knitting machines include cotton-wool knitting machines, double-sided knitting machines with two tops and four bottoms, jacquard double-sided knitting machines, etc. Ribbed rapier loom has its own series, and cotton wool loom and rib loom can realize mutual conversion; Electronic jacquard circular knitting machine has made a breakthrough, filling the domestic gap; There are two kinds of artificial fur machines: top-feeding type and ring-cutting type, and the computer jacquard artificial fur machine has been mass-produced and supplied. According to the weft insertion method of weaving, it can be divided into shuttle loom and shuttleless loom. Shuttle loom is a kind of loom that uses traditional shuttle (wooden shuttle or plastic shuttle) for weft insertion. Shuttle is bulky, heavy and repeatedly projected. Machine vibration, noise, slow speed and low efficiency. There are many kinds of weft insertion methods for shuttleless looms, such as rapier loom, air jet (air jet, water jet), projectile shuttle, multi-shed (multi-phase), weaving and so on. Rigid or flexible rapier head and rapier belt used to grip and guide weft on rapier loom. In addition to weaving plain and textured fabrics, rapier looms are characterized by convenient color change, and are suitable for multi-color weft fabrics, yarn-dyed, double-layer pile fabrics, terry fabrics and decorative fabrics. Air-jet loom Air-jet loom uses compressed air to jet and draw the weft yarn and guide it through the shed. The biggest feature of air-jet loom is its high speed and high labor productivity, which is suitable for producing plain and textured fabrics, fine and extra-high density fabrics and large quantities of fabrics. Water-jet loom Water-jet loom uses water as weft insertion medium, and the water jet produces frictional traction on the weft, so that the weft on the fixed bobbin is introduced into the shed. Water jet loom has the characteristics of high speed and high unit output, and is mainly suitable for producing hydrophobic filament chemical fiber fabrics with smooth surface. The projectile loom uses a small projectile loom with a gripper to grip the weft yarn and throw it. The projectile loom has stable weft insertion, excellent fabric quality and few weft loops, and is suitable for producing multi-color weft fabrics, thin and thick fabrics and wide fabrics. Edit the loom structure 1 and shedding mechanism of this section: according to the fabric structure, the warp yarns are separated up and down to form a shed for weft insertion. 2. Weft insertion mechanism: Weft is introduced into the shed. 3. Beating-up mechanism: Weft introduced into the shed is pushed to the weaving shed to form fabric. 4. Reeling mechanism: guide the woven fabric to leave the fabric forming area and roll it into a certain package. 5. Let-off mechanism: according to the requirements of interweaving, warp yarns are supplied to make them have a certain tension. 6. Frame, starting, braking and transmission mechanism. 7. Protection device: prevent weaving defects and operate safely. 8. Automatic weft filling device: After the weft is used up, it will automatically fill the weft. 9. Multicolor weft feeder: alternately supply different weft yarns for interweaving without stopping. Through the introduction of foreign advanced technology and independent development, in addition to ordinary looms, there are high-speed looms with a maximum speed of 2000 rpm, P (terry) device, E (elastic yarn) device or EP device for users to choose from, and double-sided terry warp knitting machines. There are many products of Raschel warp knitting machine, such as multi-bar, jacquard, double needle bed, net warp knitting machine and so on. Two-needle bed raschel warp knitting machines have plush type (can weave 16 ~ 30 mm double-layer fabric) and short plush type (can weave 4 ~ 25 mm double-layer fabric), and the stand can reach1/kloc-0 ~ 60. Velvet double needle bed warp knitting machine is used for knitting vertical velvet, velvet, velveteen and spacer fabrics (without longitudinal cutting). The frame is 84 ~ 136 inch, the machine number is E20~E24, and the highest knitting speed is 800 rows per minute. The loom pattern can change endlessly and rapidly. The frame is 150 and 168 inches, the machine numbers are E 14 and E 18, and the highest knitting speed is 250 rows/minute. In addition to the high-speed warping machine controlled by computer, the sectional warping machine matched with the warp knitting machine has also developed a high-speed warping machine monitored by computer in real time, and the special warping machine for crochet machine has also been successfully developed. The manual flat knitting machine in flat knitting machine has independently developed into a flat knitting machine, which can produce various forming structures and three-dimensional once-formed fabrics. Automatic neck knitting machine has been controlled by microcomputer, and computer automatic flat knitting machine and computer automatic glove machine have been popularized. The computerized flat knitting machine can reach 60 inches. The basic feature of shuttleless loom is to separate the weft package from the shuttle, or to replace the large and heavy shuttle with a small and light weft insertion device, which provides favorable conditions for high-speed weft insertion. In the supply of weft, the package is directly used and enters the weft insertion mechanism through the weft storage device, so that the loom can get rid of frequent weft filling actions. Using shuttleless loom is of great significance to increase fabric varieties, adjust fabric structure, reduce fabric defects, improve fabric quality, reduce noise and improve working conditions. Shuttle looms are high in speed, usually 4-8 times more efficient than shuttle looms, so the popularization and application of shuttleless looms in a large area can greatly improve labor productivity. With the structure of shuttleless loom becoming more and more perfect, the range of materials used is getting wider and wider, and the processing precision is getting higher and higher. In addition, with the development of world science and technology, electronic technology and microelectronic control technology gradually replace mechanical technology. The manufacturing of shuttleless loom is a high-tech product integrating metallurgy, machinery, electronics, chemical industry and fluid power, and integrating electronic technology, computer technology, precision machinery technology and textile technology. Air-jet loom detects the total tension of warp yarn through tension sensor, and CPU controls the change of warp yarn tension caused by the change of opening, let-off, let-off and winding diameter of warp beam, thus ensuring the let-off accuracy and keeping the warp yarn tension constant. Because the air-jet loom uses microcomputer technology and other electronic technologies to control the movement of the whole machine, especially the automatic monitoring of product quality, the production efficiency of the air-jet loom is greatly improved. But at the same time, the requirements of air-jet loom for electronic control system are getting higher and higher. It should not only have high performance, good stability, convenient maintenance and low failure rate, but also adapt to high temperature, high humidity, hairy and dusty environment, and also have strong anti-interference requirements for power supply fluctuation and group machine interference. The development of weaving machinery products has the following characteristics: 1. Computer control technology and electronic jacquard technology have been widely used in all kinds of knitting machinery products, such as circular knitting machine, flat knitting machine, hosiery machine, artificial fur machine, warp knitting machine, etc., which have filled the gap in this field in China for many years, realized electronic jacquard, improved the technical level of machines, and made some models reach the international advanced level in the 1990 s. The computer control system of circular loom, hosiery machine and flat knitting machine in China has been adopted by the main engine in batches. 2. The product specification series has been relatively complete, and it is developing at both ends. For example, the maximum diameter of circular knitting machine can reach 38 or 40 inches, the machine number can reach E36, the frame of warp knitting machine can reach 180 inches, the machine number can reach E32, the maximum specification of computerized flat knitting machine can reach 60 inches, and the machine number can reach E 18. 3. Enhance the versatility and versatility of the machine. For example, on the single-side circular knitting machine, four-needle, terry and weft insertion single-side machines can be converted to each other, and one machine can be used for multiple purposes; Within a certain range, syringes with different specifications of the same machine can be interchanged, so that one machine can be used with multiple specifications; Mechanical jacquard and electronic jacquard can be converted and so on.