1 centralization in ancient China. Just remember that the emperor's power has been continuously strengthened, the prime minister's power has been continuously reduced, the central power has been continuously strengthened, and the local power has been continuously reduced.

Ancient Greece laid the foundation for Solon's reform, and Cleisthenes's reform developed democracy in Athens, reaching its peak in Perikles (Athens died because it was too democratic, so it fulfilled Confucius' "going too far" and it was definitely impossible to engage in democracy).

The Law of Twelve Bronze Tables was first formulated in ancient Rome, and then, due to the expansion of the empire, a series of laws such as Civil Law, Civil Law and Justinian Code were successively formulated.

The democratic political system in Athens laid the foundation for democracy in later generations, while the legal system in ancient Rome provided a legal blueprint for later generations. It's really great.