But in his later years, Sun Quan's temperament changed greatly, acting like a fatuous monarch, extremely sensitive and suspicious, and prone to anxiety and delusion. As a result, he became more and more autocratic, which seriously undermined the stability of Soochow. Mistakenly believing in Gongsun Yuan, he became an immortal. He successively abolished the second prince Sun He and sent away the four descendants, all of which were very different from his early years.
Sun Quan (182-2 1 May 252,) was born in Fuchun, Wu Jun (now Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang). The founder of Sun Wu in the Three Kingdoms period (reigned from 229 to 252).
Sun Quan's father, Sun Jian, and his younger brother, Sun Ce, laid the foundation of Jiangdong in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In the fifth year of Jian 'an (200 years), Sun Ce was assassinated and Sun Quan succeeded to the throne as a vassal. In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), he established a Sun-Liu alliance with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao in Battle of Red Cliffs, which laid the foundation for the tripartite confrontation among the three countries. In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Sun Quan sent Monroe to successfully capture Jingzhou of Liu Bei, greatly increasing the territorial area.
In the first year of Huang Wu (222), Wei Wendi Cao Pi made Sun Quan the king of Wu and established the State of Wu. In the same year, Liu Bei was defeated in the battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), he officially proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang, with the title of Wu, and soon moved the capital to Jianye. After the sun rose, agricultural officials were set up, land was reclaimed, counties were set up, and the mountains and Vietnam were continuously suppressed, which promoted the economic development of the south of the Yangtze River. On this basis, he sent people to sea many times. In the second year of Huanglong (230), Sun Quan sent Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi to Yizhou.
In his later years, Sun Quan was capricious on the issue of heirs, which led to the clique's factional strife and unstable situation in North Korea. In the first year of Taiyuan (252), he died at the age of 71. He was in office for 24 years. The great emperor of posthumous title, whose temple name was Mao, was buried in Jiangling.
Sun Quan is also good at calligraphy. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Huaiguan listed his calligraphy as a third-class book review.
Political measures
While carrying out military diplomatic activities and expanding territory, Sun Quan paid attention to developing production and enriching Qiang Bing. Soon after he took over from his brother, he began to farm. Wu Dong wasteland is divided into military villages and civilian villages, which are managed by officials such as Diannong Captain, Diannong Captain and Tuntian Captain. Soldiers plow and fight, farmers only need to farm and exempt civil servants. The wasteland is widely distributed, and the number of soldiers and civilians varies. Thousands of soldiers are stationed in the wasteland base in Anhui city, while there are tens of thousands of men and women piling. The scale of reclamation in Wu Dong is quite large, and Niu Geng is mostly used, and the farming technology is also very advanced.
Haichang County (now Haining, Zhejiang Province) was the only wasteland county in the early days of Sun Wu, and Lu Xun was the captain of the wasteland.
In the fifth year of Huang Wu (226), Lu Xun asked his generals to expand farmland and reclaim wasteland on the grounds that he was in a small valley. Sun Quan agreed to expand the reclamation area, change the cattle he drove into plowing cattle and encourage officials to open up wasteland.
Sun Quan also pays attention to building water conservancy projects. In the second year of Huanglong (230), Dongxing Dike was built to contain the water in Chaohu Lake. In August of the eighth year of Chiwu (245), Sun Quan sent Chen Xun, a captain, to dig ditches and build granaries in Jurong City. In the 13th year of Chiwu (250), Tangyi Earth Pond (now Hu Liang Weir, Liuhe County, Jiangsu Province) was built. In addition, several canals have been dug, which are both inland waterways and irrigation functions.
In order to resume and develop production, Sun Quan granted interest for many times, and the acquisition of Jingzhou coincided with the epidemic situation, exempting Jingzhou farmers from rent tax, and ordered the generals to be prepared for danger in times of peace, strengthen armaments, advocate thrift, and demanded that the collection of rent tax owed by farmers be relaxed. [23] ? In the third year of Chiwu (24 1), officials were forbidden to interfere in farming on the grounds of work and rest. In the first year of Taiyuan (250), a decree was issued to reduce corvees and increase taxes in order to eliminate the disadvantages of the people.
Sun Quan is frugal. Although the emperor moved the capital to Jianye, the old general temple was only used as a palace, and no new palace was built. Chiwu was rebuilt in Wuchang Palace after ten years of corruption (247 years), which shows that Chiwu cherishes the people's resources.
The capital Jianye, formerly known as Moling, was originally a small county. Because Sun Quan made his capital Jianye, he dug canals and became a first-class city, and later became the cultural center of the Six Dynasties. Now it's called Nanjing.
References:
Sun Quan (the founding emperor of Sun Wu in the Three Kingdoms Period)-Baidu Encyclopedia