In 3 17, Hualugang, southwest of Zhonghua Gate, was the official pottery workshop.
In 363, Emperor Ai of Jin was uneasy because he had no place to live when he visited the monk Huili, and ordered him to give the earthen pot temple kiln land to the shaman.
"Health Record" records:
In the second year of Xingning, Emperor Ai of Jin ordered to move to the north of Huaishui, so he used the south bank kiln land to build the earthen pot temple.
At that time, people called Guan Tao a "crock", so that's the name.
Southern Buddhism's classic Biography of Liang Monk records: "I don't know who to explain Huili. In Yonghe, Jin Lai visited the capital, often begging for vegetables and food, and repenting for Buddhist prayers. In the middle of Jinxingning Middle School, the place where pottery is opened is the crock temple. "
In other words, Master Huili invited the emperor to build a temple on the old land in Guan Tao, hence the name of the ancient temple.
The origin of the name of the crock temple is also recorded in Jinling Zhi: in the Western Jin Dynasty, two violets grew here, and people were very surprised, so they dug it up and dug up a crock coffin. There is an old monk who has been dead for many years in the coffin. Lotus flowers grow out of the monk's tongue.
People are amazed and widely circulated, leaving a legend of "sitting on the ground with lotus" in history, hence the name of the temple.
During the construction period, monk Huili spent a lot of energy and effort from writing to the court to raising funds for building the temple. When the temple was completed, monks donated money to scholars in Beijing, and scholars donated as much as 65,438+10,000 yuan. Gu Kaizhi, a famous painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, promised to donate one million yuan.
Luo Pin, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in a poem:
At that time, Tao asked about obliquity, and the culture of the Six Dynasties was dusk.
The mural "Vimo" is worth one million dollars. Who is General Gu in his eyes?
In 370, Jian Wendi, a Buddhist, succeeded to the throne. He strongly supported Zhu Fatai, a monk, to expand the crock temple, which made the temple famous and the number of monks increased greatly.
There are also works by great sculptors Dai Kui and Dai Yi's father and son in the crock temple. The works are five bronze Buddha Vimala statues carved in the temple, which are called "White Jade Buddha".
During the Yixi period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a jade Buddha in the temple, which was1.4m high, pure in color and unique in shape. At that time, people called the Jade Buddha, Gu Kaizhi's Vimalakīrti painting and the Buddha statues of Dai Kui and Dai Yi as "Three Musts of Crock Temple".
"History of Heather Guo Zi" records:
At the beginning of Jin Dynasty, Yixi sent messengers to offer jade statues. And even after ten years. The elephant is four feet and two inches high, and the jade is clean and moist. Its shape is very special, and it is hardly artificial. It's like the Jin and Song Dynasties in the crock temple.
Dai Kui, a native of overseas Chinese, is knowledgeable, good at writing articles, playing the piano, writing calligraphy, painting landscapes and Buddha statues, and good at sculpture. Dai Kui lived in seclusion all his life and didn't come out to be an official. He created five Buddha statues for the crock temple by using his own dry pigments and bamboo methods.
Five Buddhas, namely Pilu Buddha in the middle, Ashan Buddha in the east, Baosheng Buddha in the south, Tomi Buddha in the west and Five Buddhas in the north. The five buddhas sat back to back on the frustum of a cone.
Gu Kaizhi, a native of Jinling in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is well-read and good at calligraphy, poetry, poetry and painting, especially figures, Buddha statues and immortals.
Gu Kaizhi, Liu Song, Lu Tanwei, Xiao Liang and Zhang Sengyou are also called "the three great painters in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties". The characters painted by Gu Kaizhi pay special attention to the finishing touch. He once said that "all four bodies are beautiful, and there is nothing about beauty; Vivid portrayal is being blocked. "
Vimalakīrti and Sakyamuni lived in the same era, and they were very eloquent laymen. According to the Vimalakīrti Classic, Vimalakīrti was ill, and Sakyamuni sent ten disciples and Maitreya to consult him.
Vimalakīrti, with his thin and sickly body, mysterious eloquence, carefree food and clothing, extravagant life and various external and internal characteristics, aroused the infinite admiration and admiration of scholars in Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties. Gu Kaizhi's "The Map of Vimalakīrti" is the expression of Vimalakīrti's "winning clearly and showing his illness".
The crock temple has been full of incense and numerous believers. In the early Southern Dynasties, it developed into a big temple with thousands of monks, and it was expanded and repaired many times during the Southern Dynasties. It is not only a famous Buddhist temple in Jinling, but also a regular temple fair dominated by crock temple. It is also the earliest and largest temple fair market in Jiangnan.
Businessmen set up an uncovered lent in the crock temple. There were many wonderful acrobatic performances on the lent, which attracted tourists and believers from all over the country and became famous in Jiangdong area.
Xiao Liang also built a magnificent crock pavilion next to the crock temple, which is a scenic spot overlooking Jinling and the river view.
The crock temple is famous for its magnificent pavilions and impressive scenery, which has attracted many scholars and literati to visit here and left many masterpieces.
Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, came to Jinling to visit the crock temple. When he saw Gu Kaizhi's famous work Wei Mo, he wrote, "I am hungry when I see paintings, but I hate them very little. The poem "Jin Lian with a tiger's head is wonderful and unforgettable".
"Golden millet Buddha" is another name for Vimoji lay man. In memory of Du Fu, Jinling people called this alley "Jinsu Lane" and built Jinsu Temple.
When Li Bai came to the crock temple, he felt that he had written a poem "Hengjiang Ci". The poem reads: "When crossing the river, human nature is good, and when crossing the river, the road is evil. The wind blew down the mountain for three days, and the white waves were higher than the crock pavilion. "
This is the scene when Li Bai saw the surging waves of the Yangtze River in Tianmen Mountain, Anhui Province. He couldn't help but think of the crock temple in Qinhuai, and then described the architecture of the crock temple and the great river, reflecting the grandeur of the crock pavilion.
According to historical records, the crock pavilion is more than 200 feet high and overlooks the whole city. Li Bai once wrote:
Board the crock pavilion in the morning and overlook Jinling City.
Zhongshan faces the north households, and Huaishui enters Nanrong.
The two corridors vibrate drums and the four corners fly kites.
Stand outside the sky and climb the sun, moon and bamboo.
It can be seen from the poem that the crock temple is magnificent and covers a wide area.
In the Five Dynasties of Yangwu, the crock temple was renamed Xing Wu Temple, and in 937 it was renamed Minyuan Temple, and the crock pavilion was also renamed Minyuan Pavilion. After being destroyed by the war.
159 1 year, monks rebuilt this temple, and Jiao Hong, the top scholar, named it "Fengyou Temple", and Wang Shizhen, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, wrote an inscription "Re-playing the Pot Pavilion".
Kong Zhu, a playwright in the early Qing Dynasty, wrote Qinglian Pavilion, a poet and poet Yu Binshuo in Waiting for the Pot Temple.