1900 65438+1On October 8th, Shixian Company, a large department store, opened in Hong Kong. The company adopts the popular western women's clothing sales method.
1900 On February 20th, the natural foot wave rose in Taipei, and the natural foot club aimed to persuade people to let go of their feet and get rid of the bad habit of foot binding.
1In August, 903, Shanghai Patriotic Girls' School released Jin Yi's Woman's Clock. This is the first monograph on women's issues in modern China. The author shouted the slogan "Long live women's rights" for the first time.
On March 8 1907, women's academic qualifications were legalized.
1July 907 15 Qiu Jin, a female democratic revolutionary, died in Xuantingkou, Shaoxing at the age of 3 1.
1912 65438+17 October, Sun Yat-sen met with Lin Zongsu, a representative of the Women's Political Participation Council, to make women fully participate in politics.
1919 in may, Deng Chunlan, a female normal student in Xunhua county, Qinghai province, wrote to Cai Yuanpei, the president of Peking University, asking Peking University to create more female seats and allow women to study in universities, expressing her willingness to set a precedent for women, thus becoming the first woman in China to ask to study in universities.
On March 8th, 1924, Guangzhou working women joined hands with women from all walks of life to hold a grand commemorative event in Guangzhou First Park. Since this commemoration, Women's Day activities have gradually spread to major cities in China.
1March, 927, the first female divorce lawsuit in Xi' an, Xiao Guipan, a student of Xi' an Women's Normal School, filed a divorce lawsuit and held a trial.
1928 May 1 China (sorry, the content was filtered ...) Xiang Jingyu, the first female member of the Central Committee and the first female minister in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, died heroically at the age of 33. Xiang Jingyu is known as the pioneer of the women's movement in China.
On August 2nd, 1936, Li Sen, a Shanghai female student, attended the 1 1 (sorry, the content has been screened ...) meeting in Berlin, Germany. This is the first time that China has sent female athletes to the conference (sorry, the content has been filtered …).
1In July, 949, the first national women's publication "New China Women" in New China was founded. Mao Zedong and Zhu De wrote inscriptions for it respectively.
1957165438+10 In October, Zheng Zaijing broke the women's high jump world record with 1.77 meters. This is the first time that China athletes have set a world record in track and field competition.
On March 7th, 1959, a 900-horsepower harbor diesel tugboat "Woman" was launched in Huangpu River, which was the first ship designed entirely by women in China.
198116543810 At the 3rd Women's Volleyball World Cup held in Japan in October, China won the championship with seven wins out of seven. In the following years, China women's volleyball team won the World Cup, World Championships and (sorry, the content was filtered ...) competitions five times in a row.
From 65438 to 0986, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Labor and Personnel, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and the All-China Women's Federation jointly issued the Interim Provisions on Women Workers' Health Care, which was the first time since the founding of New China to formulate clear provisions on "five-stage" health care for women workers.
1On April 3, 1992, the Seventh National People's Congress passed the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests in People's Republic of China (PRC).
The Fourth World Conference on Women was successfully concluded in Beijing. From humble to equal
1954 September 15, the first national people's congress was held in Beijing. The female representative appeared on the political stage as the master of the new China.
Looking back on the vicissitudes of the past century, we are delighted to find that the fate of women in China has undergone profound changes, ending the situation of being exiled by social history for thousands of years, and writing a chapter on the overall image of women for the first time in the history of civilization.
In the patriarchal society for thousands of years, women have been living at the bottom of society. They have no right to participate in political, educational and social life. The most tragic thing is women's foot binding. The formation of a pair of feet often takes years to wrap, "a pair of feet, a jar of tears", and the happiness of a lifetime is ruined by these feet. /kloc-The appearance of Tianzu Club at the end of 0/9, along with the promotion of girls' schools, opened the curtain to break the bad habit of foot-binding and liberate women's body and mind.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Cai Yuanpei and others set up the China Education Association in Shanghai, putting the establishment of girls' schools on the agenda. 1907, the Qing government carried out the new policy in the case of internal troubles and foreign invasion. In the field of education, the statutes of girls' schools run by the Ministry of Education and girls' normal schools run by the Ministry of Education were promulgated, and women's education was formally incorporated into the national education system for the first time. In the early years of the Republic of China, women's education in China began to connect with women's career. This move further broke through the concept of educating housewives, enabled women to enter a broader field, expanded their employment choices, and thus improved their ability to adapt to society and make a living independently. This is of great significance to fundamentally promote the development of human resources in China and lay the foundation for improving women's social status.
Education is the prelude of China Women's Liberation Symphony. Intellectual women began to stand at the forefront of anti-feudalism as challengers, showing their spiritual resistance to feudal families and gender discrimination and their enthusiasm for participating in social discussions, thus shaping their new selves in their new lives. We can see that after the May 4th new cultural trend of thought, women's concept of love has undergone great changes. They are no longer looking for a lifelong dependence and Qi Mei, but looking for their own spiritual partners, so that men and women can get along equally. At the same time, the compilation of the civil code, which began in the late Qing Dynasty, also corrected the legal inequality between the two sexes. As a gender group, women have changed from the humble half to the weak who enjoy legal protection. Accordingly, women's rights to participate in employment, political participation and other fields have also improved. Women in several southern provinces took the lead in gaining the right to participate in the market. Hunan woman Wang Yi 192 1 was elected as a provincial councillor, which is also the first time in the history of the world women's movement.
The feat of women's participation in the national liberation struggle in the 20th century is even more epic. 1903, female students studying in Japan organized the first patriotic women's group-* * * Love Autonomy Association. Qiu Jin's "Letter to 200 Million Women Compatriots in China" and the poem "Encourage Women's Rights" calling for being a "national heroine" have become the clarion call to encourage women to advance wave by wave. In the same year, the first monograph on women's issues-Jin Yi's Women's Clock was published, and the author shouted the slogan "Long live women's rights" for the first time.
With the spread of Marxism and the establishment of China (sorry, the content was filtered ...), some women took part in the revolutionary struggle to transform China and the world. Xiang Jingyu and Yang Kaihui from China (sorry, the content has been filtered ...) are outstanding representatives of these women who have devoted themselves to their ideals. With the fierce class struggle and national struggle, the concept of "women" replaced the concept of "women". Awakened workers and peasants women participated in the torrent of national liberation, and female soldiers appeared in the team that did not like red clothes but loved armed forces. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the goal of the women's movement in China was first to realize the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution led by the proletariat. During this period, the women's liberation movement in China has been closely linked with the democratic movement and the national liberation movement, and women's consciousness of seeking liberation, independence, freedom and equality has always been integrated with the oppressed class consciousness and revolutionary consciousness.
Since 1949, the status of women in China has been improved as never before, and they enjoy all rights equal to men. They devote themselves to the fiery life of building a new socialist China, and women hold up half the sky, which has become the slogan of women and the reality of life struggle.
However, in the process of seeking women's liberation, we took a detour. The slogan of holding up half the sky has been misused as the physical balance between men and women. In this radical era, gender differences are ignored. On March 8th, the working class, the iron girl class, and the female commandos appeared one after another to compete physically with men, and the harm to women's body and mind can only be realized after calm thinking. However, the establishment of the concept of women's liberation in this era is undeniable.
The 20th century is the century in which women groups appeared for the first time in human history, and it is also the century of women's awakening and revolution. But at the same time, we should also see that although the social status of women in China has changed greatly in this century, it does not mean that the whole social role of women in China has changed. Gender discrimination is still quite serious in many ways. The proportion of out-of-school girls is much higher than that of boys, and there are more laid-off women workers than men. The commercialization of sex is on the rise and is rampant in some areas. These problems show that there is still a long way to go before women can be completely liberated. The real liberation of women depends on the improvement of their own quality and the progress of the whole society. We expect women to have a broader sky in the 2 1 century.