Composition of Zhoukoudian Site, a World Cultural Heritage I
Zhoukoudian Site is located in Gulong Mountain, Zhoukoudian Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, about 50 kilometers away from Beijing. This is an important Paleolithic site in China.
Zhoukoudian site was announced as the first batch of national key protected units in the world in 196 1 and listed in the world cultural heritage list in 1987.
Fossils and cultural relics of different periods were found in Zhoukoudian site. More than 200 human fossils and 654.38 million stone tools, as well as a large number of fire sites and hundreds of animal fossils have been unearthed in 27 locations. It is a treasure house of human fossils and a comprehensive research base of paleoanthropology, environmentology, archaeology, paleontology, stratigraphy, chronology and lava science.
A total of 6 skulls, 12 skull fragments, 15 mandibles, 157 teeth, and fractured femur and neck bones were unearthed from Peking man fossils, belonging to more than 40 individuals of all ages.
The first site discovered, with a width of 2 to 40 meters from north to south and a thickness of 40 cm, is divided into 13 floors. This is enough to show that the terrain of this cave is very steep. Think again, the first floor of the cave is equivalent to half the size of a playground, or 13 floor. It's really a big cave.
The first site is located in Zhoukoudian site, the eastern end of which was originally a natural cave, commonly known as "Ape Cave", located on the northeast slope of Gulong, and the skull of Peking Ape was unearthed. The North China Plain is in the southeast and the mountains are in the northwest. Most of the mountains near Zhoukoudian are limestone, and many natural caves of different sizes have been formed under the hydraulic action.
Zhoukoudian Peking man site witnessed the human community in the Asian continent from Pleistocene to Paleolithic, and explained the evolution process of human beings, which became an important discovery of human beings.
Composition of Zhoukoudian Site, a World Cultural Heritage II
Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, located in Gulong Mountain, Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, Beijing, is an important Paleolithic site in China.
Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site is located in Gulong Mountain, west of Zhoukoudian Village, Fangshan District, Beijing, 48 kilometers away from Beijing. Belonging to the national key cultural relics protection unit, 1987 is listed in the World Heritage List. It is the most abundant, systematic and valuable human site in the early Paleolithic period in the world. Therefore, we should not litter or touch things during the tour, so as to protect and appreciate the main ancient human cultural sites in China, which are called "the treasure house of ancient human culture". First, let's visit the "shop head", commonly known as the "Ape Cave", which is about 14 meters long from east to west and about 20 meters wide in the middle. It was discovered in _ _ by Swedish scientist An Tesheng, American paleontologist Granci and Austrian paleontologist Stanski. Archaeologists have excavated more than 40 meters since the discovery and excavation in 2000.
So far, human fossils unearthed include 6 skulls, 15 mandibles, 157 teeth and a large number of bone fragments, representing about 40 Peking man individuals. Especially, from _ _ to _ _, archaeologists discovered three human tooth fossils outside the site of Beijing Ape Cave for three times, which became a major archaeological discovery that shocked the world. It provides a material basis for studying the early biological evolution and early cultural development of human beings.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition III
Today, my mother and I visited Zhoukoudian site.
We mainly visited the ape-man museum. We used to learn about the living habits of apes from books. This visit opened my eyes.
Walking into the museum, there is a head of a Beijinger. The museum shows how apes find food, defend themselves, bake food, hunt, fish and make weapons ... weapons include fishing guns, axes, discerning eyes, wooden sticks, etc ... At that time, men were hunting outside and women were sewing clothes at home.
There are six kinds of ape-men, Lantian, Beijinger, Jinniushan, Maba, caveman and Liujiang. Among them, Beijingers are distributed near cavemen, and Beijingers are particularly smart. They can hunt with stone tools and scare away animals with fire.
People have also discovered the fossils of Peking man, including the complete skull, mandible, teeth, clavicle, upper arm bone, wrist bone, femur, skull and so on, and there are many human mysteries waiting for us to discover.
This visit broadened my knowledge, made me feel the intelligence of Beijingers, and made me proud to have such ancestors.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition IV
Zhoukoudian site is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a world cultural heritage. Located in Gulong Mountain, Zhongdian Village, Zhoukou, Fangshan District, southwest of Beijing.
Its ancient human site was discovered in 1927, and now there are 25 sites, including many periods from 600,000 years ago to 1 10,000 years ago. 1929, the Peking man's skull Zhoukoudian was discovered in Pei Wenzhong about 600,000 to more than 200,000 years ago. Six skull fossils, 157 teeth and many other bones were found. Belongs to more than 40 individuals.
In the ruins, there are traces of "Beijingers" using fire. The Neanderthal site was discovered in 1930, and three human skull fossils and many other fossils were unearthed, belonging to more than 10 individuals, and their culture belonged to the late Paleolithic period. 1967 "New Neanderthals" were discovered, and their cultural era was between "Beijingers" and "Neanderthals".
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition 5
Zhoukoudian site, located in Zhoukoudian, Beijing, is an important heritage of world culture and the birthplace of Beijingers.
From ancient times to the present, Peking man's theory of evolution is very learned. Every Beijinger holds his head high and stands proudly, like a noble leader with supreme power.
Various fossils and cultural relics in different periods have been found in Zhoukoudian site, including 27 sites, more than 200 human fossils, 654.38+10,000 stone tools, a large number of fire remains and hundreds of animal fossils. On March 4th 196 1, it was also announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, with serious tour guides.
With excitement, the tour guide walked in and greeted me with several big characters "Beijing Zhoukou ape-man site" and a blond ape-man head. At this time, I have endless interest in my heart.
Walking into the hall on a path paved with white marble, a display box was erected in the middle of the corridor, in which the heads of Peking man were neatly placed. Everyone's expressions were colorful, some seemed to be laughing, some were crying and some were even angry. Pictures and profiles of Beijingers are hung on the left and right. According to the tour guide, six skulls, 15 jawbones, 157 teeth and many broken bones were unearthed here, which also represented 40 Beijingers.
Walking into the exhibition hall, all the scenes of Beijingers appeared in front of us, including Homo erectus who lived 700,000 to 200,000 years ago, and early Homo sapiens who lived 20 million to 654.38+10,000 years ago, all of which were our ancestors.
According to the tour guide, the average height of male apes at that time was about 156 cm, and that of female apes was about 150 cm, so their life span was very short. Only 4.6% of apes can live to be over 50 years old.
Every scene is lifelike and the movements are very vivid.
It's really hard to forget getting out of here!
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition VI
Hello, tourists. I'm a tour guide of Star Travel Agency. My name is Fu. Today, I will show you around the Zhoukoudian site. I hope my explanation is satisfactory and we have a wonderful time together.
We are going to Zhoukoudian Peking man site. During this time, I will introduce the history and present situation of Zhoukoudian Peking man site to you.
Zhoukoudian Peking man site, located about 50 kilometers southwest of Beijing, is located at the junction of mountainous areas and Pyongyang. The mountainous areas near Zhoukoudian are mostly limestone, and natural caves of different sizes have been formed under the action of water conservancy. This mountain is called Gulong Mountain, where Beijingers lived 500,000 years ago. They lived in caves for more than 400,000 years, leaving behind their leftovers, used utensils and their remains. Later, the cave was buried by landslide, sediment and falling rocks. After the first site was discovered in 19 18, many fossils were discovered after two excavations. Up to now, there are 6 relatively complete Peking man fossils unearthed, including 12 broken bones, 15 mandibles, 157 teeth and more than a dozen residual limb bones. These fossils represent the bodies of more than 40 men, women and children. Zhoukoudian is famous as the hometown of Chinese apes. According to the location of the excavation, scientists designated this primitive human as "Beijinger" and called this cave "Peking Man Site".
Above the Peking man ruins, in a cave near the top of the mountain. This is the site of Neanderthals, where the complete skulls and bones of three adult men and women were found. Red hematite powder is scattered around the bones of Neanderthals. A "necklace" made of bone needles, perforated bone pendants, fishbones, tooth ornaments and stone beads used by cavemen was also found in the cave.
196 1 Zhoukou site was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council, 1987 as a World Heritage Record by the United Nations, 1953 as a public museum of Zhoukoudian site, and 1992 as a "Beijing Youth Education Base" by the Beijing Municipal Government.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition VII
During the National Day holiday, my mother took me to visit the Zhoukoudian site in Beijing. Early in the morning, my mother and I went to Zhoukoudian site by car, and we were very happy. After an hour's drive, we finally arrived at our destination.
When I got off the bus, the first thing I saw was a finely carved and exquisitely structured statue of a Beijinger. Afterwards, we followed the tour guide to the Peking man site museum, where Peking man's skull fossils and teeth, as well as stone tools, bird fossils and mammal fossils used by Peking man were displayed. It is said that Beijingers are very smart, they can hunt with stone tools and scare away animals with fire. Then we visited the Ape Cave, which is the most important place in the reserve. Follow the tour guide to the top cave on the south side of the Ape Cave, which is one of the important paleolithic cultural sites in northern China.
Finally, we came to the new cave, which is connected with the fourth place. A human tooth fossil, stone tools and many animal fossils found in the cave were about150,000 years ago. After visiting the ruins, I went home with reluctance. During this visit, I learned a lot of knowledge and benefited a lot.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition VIII
Ladies and gentlemen: Hello! Welcome to visit Zhoukoudian site. Let me first introduce the geographical location of Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site, located in Gulong Mountain, Zhoukoudian Village, Fangshan District, 48 kilometers southwest of Beijing. It is located at the junction of mountains and plains, with North China Plain in the southeast and mountains in the northwest. Most of the mountains near Zhoukoudian are limestone, and many natural caves of different sizes have been formed under the hydraulic action. There is a natural cave about140m long from east to west on the mountain, commonly known as "Ape Cave". 1929 After the ancient human remains were first discovered in this cave, it was called "the first place in Zhoukoudian".
Tourists, this site is the ancient evolutionary history of our Beijingers in China. Zhoukoudian site area is an important Paleolithic site in northern China, of which the most famous is the Peking man site, the first site of Zhoukoudian. 19 18 was discovered by Swedish geologist An Tesheng and tried to excavate it. 1927 Canadian scholar Budasheng officially excavated the site of Zhoukoudian, and officially named the three human teeth found in Zhoukoudian as "Chinese ape-man Beijing species". 1929 12 16, Pei Wenzhong, a paleoanthropologist in China, unearthed the first complete skull of Peking man, which shocked the world academic circles. Now, let's take a closer look at the skull of "Beijingers"!
According to the unearthed objects, it can be proved that Peking man lived in Zhoukoudian area about 700,000 ~ 200,000 years ago, and lived a life of gathering mainly and hunting as a supplement. Its early period is 700,000-400,000 years ago, its middle period is 400,000-300,000 years ago, and its late period is 300,000-200,000 years ago. Beijingers are primitive humans, belonging to the intermediate link from apes to homo sapiens. This discovery is of great value in the study of biology, history and the history of human development.
Tourists, "Beijingers" have another important symbol. It is in the cave where "Beijingers" live that brightly colored ashes with a thickness of 4-6 meters are found, which shows that "Beijingers" have learned to use, control and preserve fire, which is an important symbol for human beings to enter the civilized world from the animal kingdom. Please keep walking.
Zhoukoudian Peking man site, 1953 set up an exhibition hall, which is open to domestic and foreign tourists together with the site. 196 1 was announced by the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC) as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1987 was approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List.
Ladies and gentlemen, Zhoukoudian "Peking Man" site has been visited. Please take your time. Welcome to come again next time.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition IX
The carriage staggered along the mountain road to the ruins. The dark green mountains in the distance are rolling, but steep as a knife, and the dust is panoramic. What a desolate place! I can't imagine how the Beijingers who once lived here settled down.
I climbed a long flight of steps with the tour guide and turned around the mountainside several times. There are several signs scattered along the road, which say the cultural relics and antiques excavated here. From time to time, extinct ancient animal models appear beside the path, grinning straight ahead, as if there were its prey in the void; There is also a portrayal of the life of Beijingers, either squatting down, standing upright, or looking up sideways, holding high the stone tools in their hands, or carrying the prey they just caught ... Even after 10,000 years, you can see the satisfied smile on their faces. The curiosity in my heart is getting stronger and stronger, so I speed up my steps to find out.
Finally arrived at the first cave-the new cave. The mouth of the cave is very big, and the sand in front of me seems to have been polished by heart, layer by layer like a sharp blade, which still exudes a chill after thousands of years. At the entrance of the cave, you can see the panorama of the new cave. The new cave is the best preserved cave, with the highest point of about 5 meters. There is not much space in the cave, but it is enough for a family to live in. The deeper the hole, the lower the temperature, but not cold. In response to the commentator's words, the location of this cave is extremely ingenious, cool in summer and not cold in winter. Step on the deep yellow earth and stone under your feet, it will be fine and firm, and it will not be too slippery. There is a layer of rock about one meter above the ground, and the sand is fine and flat. I guess it was where Beijing people slept at that time.
The pale beam of flashlight shines into the depths of the cave, and a few angular rocks can be vaguely seen scattered in the corner of the cave, guessing that they may be utensils and tools for life. Although those rocks are scattered in the least obvious corner of the cave, each piece is the crystallization of the wisdom of the earliest ancestors living in this land. They are the traces of Beijing people's life. After thousands of years, they met us today. As if going to a ten thousand-year appointment, there is no need to show your value in a high-profile way. Those stones just need to wait there quietly and look at us visitors who are eager for knowledge with eternal eyes. Looking at them, my eyes are full of vicissitudes and simplicity. But I know exactly what they represent.
An indispensable part of Darwin's theory of evolution, the existence of Beijingers proves the inevitable trend of historical development. At that time, they knew how to survive and how to survive better. I can use simple tools, choose a sheltered harbor to live with my family, and even carve trinkets with Shellmon bone.
Reverence lingers in my heart. Looking at each cave, I will think about what kind of life people lived at that time and what kind of wisdom they had. I am surprised that they have learned to fight against nature. I feel that they already know how to seek a better way of life.
Zhoukoudian site has its own wisdom.
World Cultural Heritage Zhoukoudian Site Composition X
10.5, my mother and brother went to the Peking man site in Longgushan, Zhoukoudian.
Clear skies all the way to Wan Li, crisp autumn.
When we arrived in Gulong, we saw the heads of two big apes as soon as we entered the door. My brother and I took some photos there!
Then we walked into the ape-man cave. Beijingers grew up about 500 thousand years ago. At that time, apes lived by hunting; During the day, men go hunting outside, and women take their children to the trees to pick wild fruits. Why didn't people live in houses at that time? It turned out that people couldn't build houses at that time. In order to avoid wind and rain and wild animals, people lived in caves. Later, due to many disasters, apes had to leave the caves where they lived for hundreds of thousands of years.
About 30,000 years ago, Neanderthals came to the caves where Beijingers lived. Neanderthals looked almost like us. They can use and make tools.
Out of the cave, I also saw the ape-man made of gypsum and the bighorn deer who lived in that era. I even made one myself!
We are out of cologne, and the sun has set.
Today I learned a lot of knowledge and had a very happy time!
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