In the cultural history of China, there are many people who admire me, but few who touch me. This is natural. Because scholars are just scholars after all, they may be able to write many touching stories, but they seldom have such stories themselves. Sometimes it seems that this kind of story has also appeared. For example, some literati gave their lives for their lives, while others would rather die than surrender, but this has little to do with cultural history. In doing these things, they entered political history and military history as loyal ministers or commanders, rather than promoting cultural history as literati. Where are the people who can not only influence the culture and history of China, but also touch our tears? Is there anyone who touches us more than Mozi and Qu Yuan? Yes His name is Sima Qian. I have long been sure that he is the first person who touched me in the cultural history of China, but it has been difficult to express his degree of touch. Readers may think that Sima Qian's touching place is not that he wrote an important historical book in the form of criminal disability, but why it has been difficult to express it. Yes, what I want to express is much more difficult. Today, I want to take a risk and try my best to express the most difficult and touching place of Sima Qian, and deliberately put it in front of this article, which violates the taboo of never "going from the deep to the shallow" in writing articles. I hope readers will bite the bullet and wait patiently. I think the most difficult and moving places of Sima Qian are the following three levels. First, Sima Qian turned all China people into "historical people". Historical Records was a blockbuster in the form of an insurmountable "mother" and became a general example that historians from generation to generation consciously followed in the next two thousand years. Therefore, it is he who has made the Chinese nation form consistent historical interests, historical missions and historical norms and become a rare civilized group in the world that has always been based on history. In a sense, although he died long ago, he was the master planner of all the twenty-five histories. He turned the recorded history and the history of more than 2,000 years on earth into the same general history. He made all the princes, rangers, merchants and literati in the past dynasties think of the huge pen of history hanging behind them when doing every major event. He gave the chaotic history a stable vision of justice, so that this history did not come to an abrupt end in the noise. Chinese civilization can continue to this day. Thousands of years ago, in our own calendar, it can be regarded as yesterday and the day before yesterday, all related to him. Sima Qian gave everyone in China a tangible and intangible "genealogy", so that most of them would not become out-and-out black sheep. Second, Sima Qian wrote history with biography as the main task, and created a "people-oriented" history of China. This is another amazing miracle, because most of the history left by other nationalities is based on the chronology of events, and all kinds of people are just participants in an event, and they can come at the call. Sima Qian did the opposite, taking each character as the core, and let all kinds of events come and go at once. This is not an expedient measure, but a bold idea. In his view, all events are lost in the river, and only the good and evil, tolerance and personality of the characters can be experienced by future generations forever. The truly profound history is not the memorization of past events by teachers and students of different generations, but the understanding, acceptance, choice and dissemination of predecessors by future generations. The famous figures written by Sima Qian in Historical Records have already become the "prototype" of China culture, that is, a mental model and a behavioral model. After a long period of derivation, it finally constitutes an important part of the collective personality of China people. This choice of giving up things and attaching importance to people enabled Sima Qian, a historian, to "understand the changes from ancient times to modern times and become a unified statement", thus having the qualities of a writer and a philosopher at the same time. More importantly, however, his choice made the history of China, which should have been cooled long ago, keep people's body temperature and breath. China's long-term autocratic totalitarianism often adopts a series of tyrannies against humanity, but the historical concept of people-oriented, the scope and period of such tyrannies are balanced. Human feelings, human feelings and personality will always control strange streets and lights thousands of miles away. Thirdly, when he created the tradition of "taking history as a mirror" and "putting people first" for China culture, he was suffering from unspeakable shame. He was convicted of a few normal remarks and sentenced to "castration", which is commonly known as "decay", that is, a male's physiological system was cut off. At that time, he was thirty-eight years old. As an old scholar, in the face of such a strange disaster, almost no exception will choose death. However, in this do or die, the paradox that touched me greatly appeared-