In A.D. 1 127, after the state of Jin withdrew from Kaifeng, Zhang Bangchang was appointed as the puppet emperor. Because Zhang Bangchang was originally from Steven Song, and later gave him gold, Kaifeng soldiers and civilians hated him, and a large part of the old Song Dynasty courtiers asked him to abdicate. In desperation, in the name of Queen Mother Meng, King Kang was made emperor. On May 1st, the second year of Jingkang (A.D. 1 127), Zhao Gou, King of Kang, officially acceded to the throne as Song Gaozong. However, the rebel Zhang Bangchang was crowned king in the name of defending the country. In the second year of Emperor Gaozong's reign, Xu Jin continued to invade southern China in the name of abolishing Zhang Bangchang. Since then, in A.D. 1 129, in order to strengthen the rule of the state of Jin over the area south of the Yellow River, Liu Yu was made emperor, with the title of Qi, which was called "pseudo-Qi" in history. The Song Dynasty also sent troops to the Northern Expedition, under the command of Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, Liu Guangshi, Zhang Jun and other anti-Jin generals. On both sides of the Yellow River, the puppet Qi army and the Jin allied army were once defeated.
Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong, took Qin Gui as prime minister in 65438 AD and pursued a peace policy. 1 14 1 year, Qin Gui dismissed Han Shizhong, the general who resisted gold, imprisoned Yue Fei on trumped-up charges, and killed his father and son on New Year's Eve (114265438+1October 28th). All other civilian commanders who supported Yue Fei and loyal opposition Jin were also condemned. Song Gaozong returned the sovereignty of the southeast half of the country at the expense of paying tribute.
After Emperor Gaozong, the development of Song and Jin countries was relatively stable. Xu Jin invaded the south several times, but most of them fell by the wayside. During the reign of Xiaozong in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Northern Expedition was also carried out, but the territory was not recovered.
By A.D. 1207, Shi was in power in the Southern Song Dynasty, continued to pursue the peace policy, and restored his title and posthumous title. However, at this time, the strength of the state of Jin is not as good as before. Not only can we not go south, but we must always guard against the rise of Mongolian forces from the northwest. Subsequently, in July of 12 14, according to Zhen's memorial, the Southern Song Dynasty decided not to pay tribute to Jin from now on, and Jin had already been hit by Mongolia. In order to expand the territory and make up for the areas occupied by Mongolia, Jin invaded the south in the name of "no longer accepting the old coins of the Song Dynasty", and the Southern Song Dynasty joined forces with Mongolia to fight against the Jin Army. In A.D. 1234, Cai Zhou, the state of Jin, was captured by the allied forces of Mongolia and Song, and Jin Aizong hanged himself, and Jin perished.
After the death of Jin, the Southern Song Dynasty not only failed to gain temporary peace, but also faced a more powerful enemy-Mongolia. After the destruction of gold, the Southern Song Dynasty wanted to recover the land occupied by Mongolia when it withdrew its troops. However, in the Southern Song Dynasty, peace was always the most important, and there was no strong military force, so sending troops did not achieve the expected purpose. This move in the Southern Song Dynasty became an excuse for Mongolia's invasion to the south. In 1235, the Mongols invaded the south for the first time and were repelled. Unwilling to fail, the Mongolian army invaded south twice in September of the following year and in the third year, and the front almost approached the north bank of the Yangtze River. Because Song Jun fought bravely and defeated the Mongols, he once again foiled the Mongols' attempt to cross the river. Subsequently, under the command of anti-Mongolian generals Meng Ying and Yu Jie, the soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty defeated the Mongolian army many times, forcing them to try to make a detour. In A.D. 1259, Mongolian Khan Mungo died in the army. His brother Kublai Khan was at war with Song Jun in Ezhou. After hearing the news, he immediately withdrew his troops in order to seize Khan's position. However, Jia Sidao, a courtier in the Southern Song Dynasty, not only did not send troops to pursue south, but made peace with Mongolia to ensure peace and make the Mongolian army return to the north smoothly.
Since then, Kublai Khan has inherited the status of Khan and continued to travel south. In A.D. 127 1 year, Mongolia was founded, and 1276 captured Lin 'an (now Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty went to extinction.