Wang Changling

Bright moon in Qin dynasty, bright moon in Han dynasty.

The Long March hasn't come back yet.

But Dragon City will fly in,

Don't teach Huma to climb the Yinshan Mountain.

[Notes]

1. Frontier fortress is a common theme for poets in Tang Dynasty to write frontier fortress life poems.

2. Bright Moon in Qin Dynasty and Customs in Han Dynasty: Bright Moon and Customs in Qin and Han Dynasties. This means that the war has never stopped on the long border.

3. but manufacturing: as long as.

4. Flying generals in Dragon City: refers to Li Guang, a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty. The invading Huns were afraid of him and called him "General Fei". This refers to a brave general.

Huma: refers to foreign cavalry invading the mainland.

6. Yinshan Mountain: In today's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ancient times are often used to resist the invasion of Xiongnu.

[Brief analysis]

This is a famous frontier fortress poem, which shows that the poet hopes to be a good general, quell the frontier fortress war as soon as possible and let the people live a stable life.

The poet starts with the scenery, and the first sentence outlines a desolate scene of Leng Yue's filming the border crossing. "The Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty. Here, Qin, Han, Guan and Yue are used alternately, which is called intertextuality in rhetoric, meaning bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties and Guan in Qin and Han dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has never stopped since Qin and Han dynasties, highlighting the long time. The second sentence "The Long March has not returned" and "Wan Li" mean that the frontier fortress and the mainland are far from Wan Li. Although it is empty, it highlights the vastness of space. The Return of Man reminds people of the disaster brought by the war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation.

How can we get rid of people's difficulties? The poet pinned his hopes on a brilliant general. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain." As long as Li Guang, the flying general guarding Liuzhou, is still alive, he won't let the Hu people's cavalry cross the Yinshan Mountain. "Dragon City Flying General Army" refers to Li Guang, a famous soldier who was guarding Lulong City by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He was brave and good at fighting, and defeated Xiongnu many times. "Don't teach" is not allowed, and the word "teach" is pronounced flat; "Huma" here refers to the cavalry invaded by foreign countries. "crossing Yinshan", crossing Yinshan. Yinshan Mountain is a big mountain range in the east-west direction in the north, and it is the natural barrier of the northern border defense in Han Dynasty. The last two sentences are written implicitly and skillfully, which makes people draw the necessary conclusions by comparing the past.

This poem is called the masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Tragic but not sad, generous but not shallow, Wang's poem "Out of the Fortress" is two, and this poem is the first.

Cao zhi

Cao Zhi (192-233) Zijian. Pei Guoqiao (now Bo County, Anhui Province) was born. An outstanding poet in the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty. The name of Cao Cao's third son is Chen Wangsi. Because of his rich talents, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years. He once wanted to be a prince, but he fell out of favor. In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), the plain was closed, and in the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), it was changed to Linzi. In the second year of Huang Chu's stay in Wei Wendi (22 1), King Juan changed his name. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was suspected and persecuted by Cao Pi, and was demoted many times and changed his fief. After Xelloss's death, Cao Rui, Xelloss's son, acceded to the throne. Cao Zhi wrote several times in the hope of being appointed, but failed to do so, and finally died of depression at the age of 4 1.

Jian 'an period in literary history refers to the period from Jian 'an to Wei Chu. The literature of this period is marked by the achievements of poetry. Many works can draw nutrition from the folk songs of Han Yuefu, reflect the pain of social unrest and people's displacement, and reflect the desire for national unity, with generous words and rich language. Later generations praised the elegance and boldness of these works with "Jian 'an Style". But some chapters show the idea of negative birth. The representative figures in this period are Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, Jian 'an Qizi and so on. Cao Zhi's life and creation are divided into two periods with Cao Pi as the boundary. A few works in the early stage show social unrest and their own ambitions, and the tone of poetry is cheerful and heroic. Such as "White Horse" and "Song Ying's". His later works reflect his depressed emotions, and some poems are mixed with strong negative thoughts. His poems make good use of metaphors, concise language and Hua Mao's words, which fully represent the achievements of Jian 'an poetry and have a great influence on the development of five-character poetry. He is also good at poetry and prose. His "Ode to the Goddess of Luo" is beautiful, full of myth and has great influence, and it is the representative work of lyric small fu in Jian 'an period. There are also famous essays, such as "Seeking a Self-Test Table".

Wang Changling introduced.

Wang Changling, a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, was born in the first year of Li Tiansheng (698) and died in the fifteenth year of Tianbao in Xuanzong (756).

There are many versions of Wang Changling's native place, except Taiyuan, Jiangning and Jingzhao. New Tang Book and Chronicle of Tang Poems said that he was from Jiangning, but there was no direct material, probably because Wang Changling was called "Wang Jiangning" at that time. Wang Changling used to be Jiangning Cheng, and Li Zhao's Supplement to National History and Pei Jing's Tombstone of Hanlin Bachelor called him Wang Jiangning, which is the same as Song Kao Gong and Wei Suzhou, while Song, Wei and Wang all used official titles, so Yu Jiangning also used official titles instead of books.

The Old Book of Tang Dynasty originally said that Wang Changling was from Jingzhao (Chang 'an, Tang Dou, now Xi 'an, Shaanxi), probably because he said in the poem Farewell to the Capital of Lipu that "his hometown is now Baling West" and there is another work "Overlooking the whole city for seclusion". Many Shanxi poets in the Tang Dynasty have been to Luoyang and Chang 'an because they were the cultural centers at that time, and some even lived in Beijing for many years. Just because they have lived in Beijing, they cannot be called Beijingers. Photo Collection of He Yueling is a collection of poems edited by Fan Yin in Tang Dynasty. It is believable that Wang Changling is from Taiyuan. Therefore, from He Yueling's Photo Album and Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty, Wang Changling is considered to be from Taiyuan, and now most people also think that he is from Taiyuan.

Neither of the two biographies of Tang Dynasty records the time when Wang Changling was admitted to imperial academy, nor does it record Vae's senior high school entrance examination. Biography of Talented Scholars in Tang Dynasty said that he was a scholar in the 15th year of Kaiyuan (727). Gu Kuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in the preface to "Collection of Supervising Imperial History and Public Officials" that in the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan, "the young government always built the first place, and Wang Longbiao was old. These people were outstanding at that time." Gu Kuang's preface is accurate. After Wang Changling was buried, he served as secretary of the provincial school. From ancient times to the present, school booksellers have been filled by scholars, which is of great significance to the contemporary world. Therefore, scholars call the school library the official of Taoism and the library of Penglai Mountain. In the twenty-second year of Kaiyuan (734), Wang Changling chose erudite macro-words, which was superior to others, so he was appointed as the commandant of Surabaya County.

According to Wang Changling's poems and records, Mr. Zhan was demoted to Lingnan in the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739), which is a new discovery not recorded in historical records. See Li Bai's poems for details. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling returned to the north and traveled to Xiangyang to meet the famous poet Meng Haoran. Meng Haoran suffered from gangrene and soon recovered. They were very happy after meeting. Because of drinking, he relapsed and died. During this period, Wang Changling got to know Li Bai, a great poet, including the poem "Ba Ling sends Li Twelve". It is a great pleasure for Wang Changling to meet such first-class poets as Meng Haoran and Li Bai. Unfortunately, meeting Meng Haoran became a permanent tactic, and meeting Li Bai was all downhill. Li Baizheng was exiled to Yelang at that time.

In the winter of the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling left Beijing for Jiangning. At this time, he met the famous poet Cen Can. Cen Can has a poem "Send Wang Changling to Jiangning", and Wang Changling also has a poem to leave. When I passed by Luoyang, I also made friends with poets such as Qian and others, and they also had poems.

As an outstanding poet, Wang Changling has few handed down materials. In addition to being demoted to Lingnan mentioned above, I was demoted, and the exact time and reason are not clear. "Biography of Zhan Caizi" said that he "paid no attention to the details in the later part of his journey, slandered and boiled, and fled to the wild." He Yueling's Photo Album said that he was "experiencing a distant famine again", and Old Tang Book also said that he was "careless and often derogatory". It seems that the poet has been repeatedly vilified and his career is extremely unsatisfactory.

More sadly, Wang Changling later failed to keep such a small position as Long Biaowei, went AWOL, and made a detour to Mizhou, where he was killed by Lu Qiuxiao's secretariat. "Biography of the Talented in the Tang Dynasty" said: Wang Changling "returned to his hometown with a sword and fire, and was killed because of the taboo of Lu Qiuxiao, the secretariat. Later, when Zhang Gao was stationed in Henan, he was going to be slaughtered at dawn, saying that he would kiss the old and ask for forgiveness. He said,' Who can support Wang Changling's pro-desire? Xiao da is dying. "Zhang Gao, who has always sympathized with the poet, finally avenged Wang Changling.

Wang Changling was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. At that time, he was very famous and was called "the poet king Jiangning". Because the name of the poem was written earlier, I made many friends with the famous poets at that time, and the friendship was very deep. In addition to the above-mentioned friends with Li Bai and Meng Haoran, I also made friends with Gao Shi, Yun,,, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei, Chu Guangxi and Chang Jian. He was demoted several times, living in remote Lingnan and Xiangxi, traveling to and from the economically developed Central Plains and Southeast China, to the northwest frontier, and even to the area of Broken Leaves (now Kyrgyzstan). Because of his rich life experience and extensive friends, it is of great benefit to his poetry creation. Wang Changling is good at seven-character quatrains, and he is called the seven-line master by later generations. For example, the poem "Out of the Great Wall" wrote: "The moon passed through Qin, and the Long March people did not return. But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross Yinshan. " Lamenting the incompetence, broad artistic conception, deep feelings and boldness of vision of the garrison commander is indeed a treasure in ancient poetry and is hailed as a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Another example is Joining the Army, which is also a well-known masterpiece. Funeral march and Song of Picking Lotus reflect the unfortunate experiences of ladies-in-waiting, which are delicate and vivid, fresh and beautiful, with a sad style and superior artistic conception, and express the feelings of missing women and the innocence of girls. Farewell work "Lotus Inn and Xin Jian Parting" is also a masterpiece through the ages. Shen Deqian's "Three Hundred Tang Poems" said: "The Dragon Label is a quatrain, full of affection and bitterness, with vague meaning, unpredictable and endless aftertaste."

Yan Qiuxiao killed Wang Changling because he was jealous of talented people, which really destroyed China's ancient poetry and was a sinner of the Chinese nation forever.

According to the Book of Old Tang Dynasty and Biography of New Tang Shuyi, Wang Changling has five volumes handed down from generation to generation in the Tang Dynasty. Today, it's hard to find. The Whole Tang Poetry contains four volumes of Wang Changling's poems and six articles. At present, I can only see Wang Changling's poems.