In ancient times, function words included pronouns, adverbs, modal particles, prepositions, conjunctions and auxiliary words. The following are specific descriptions of these function words:

Pronouns, including personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns in ancient Chinese;

2. adverbs. Adverbs in ancient Chinese can generally be divided into seven categories: adverbs of degree, adverbs of scope, adverbs of time, adverbs of mood and modality, adverbs of negation, adverbs of modesty and adverbs of reference.

3. The modal particles commonly used in ancient Chinese are, ye, Yan, er, zai, Hu, Fu, etc.

4. Prepositions. The prepositions commonly used in ancient Chinese are Ye, Yu, Wei and Hu. Prepositions can be used to introduce places, times, tools, reasons, purposes, objects and people or things related to actions.

5. Conjunctions are function words of conjunctions, phrases or sentences, which are helpful to express the grammatical or logical relationship between two or more items;

6. Auxiliary words: The auxiliary words commonly used in ancient Chinese are knowledge, happiness, subtlety, time and rhyme.