1. The chaos of the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo closed its doors to the outside world, refused to do anything, and behaved in Lingnan area:
1. There was chaos in the Qin Dynasty:
The Qin Dynasty was the first unified dynasty in China, and it was also a relatively short-lived dynasty in China. From 22 1 year BC to 207 BC, the country only enjoyed fifteen years. It can be said that although the Qin Dynasty had a far-reaching influence on China, it was the shortest time among the major unified dynasties in China. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, there were many peasant uprisings and six-nation revival movements all over the country, and the Qin Dynasty fell apart.
2. Zhao Tuo closed the gate, cut off the road and shut himself in Lingnan area;
(1) At this time, Zhao Tuo has been promoted from Longchuan County Commander of Nanhai County to Nanhai County Commandant. In addition, since the appointment of the former county magistrate, the post of Nanhai County Magistrate has been held by three counties in Lingnan (Nanhai County, Guilin County and Xiang Jun County). It can be said that Zhao Tuo, commander-in-chief of Nanhai County in the late Qin Dynasty, was the nominal supreme ruler of the three counties in Lingnan.
(2) At the time of the chaos in the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo assessed the situation and analyzed it in many ways, and finally made the right choice. Zhao Tuo did not lead Qin Jun to "muddy water" from Lingnan to the north of the Central Plains, nor did he have the loyalty of being diligent and honest, nor did he have the ambition to win the Central Plains. Instead, it is to pass, get out of the way, defend oneself, protect the environment, protect the people in Lingnan area, and avoid the war in the Central Plains, which will spread to Lingnan. This is what I admire most about Zhao Tuo. If Zhao Tuo had rashly led the troops north, he would probably have been eaten by Xiang Yu and Liu Bang.
Zhao Tuo, Emperor of South Vietnam
2. After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo established Nanyue State in Lingnan, with Panyu as its capital:
1. Zhao Tuo unified the Lingnan area;
At that time, many people did not think of the once powerful Qin Dynasty. It prospered and declined, and then collapsed. In this melee in the Central Plains, Xiang Yu was defeated and established the Han Dynasty with Liu Jian. Zhao Tuo was not idle in Lingnan, but took the opportunity to annex Guilin County and Xiang County, the other two counties in Lingnan County, and changed from the nominal supreme ruler of Lingnan County to the de facto supreme ruler of Lingnan County.
2. Zhao Tuo established Nanyue State in Panyu (now Guangzhou);
When Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty in the Central Plains, Zhao Tuo also established Nanyue State in Lingnan area. Panyu (now Guangzhou), the capital of Nanyue, was under the jurisdiction of three counties in Lingnan. Nanyue country is called "Nanyue country" because the territory of Nanyue country and the three counties in Lingnan belong to Baiyue area in Lingnan. Nanhai County, the core area, was the South Vietnamese branch of Lingnan Baiyue, and Panyu (now Guangzhou), its capital, was the political, economic and cultural center of Lingnan Baiyue-South Vietnamese branch.
Zhao Tuo was praised by Mao Zedong as "the first person to develop Lingnan" and "the first person to go south as a cadre".
3. The once powerful Zhao Tuo proclaimed himself emperor and became the first emperor in Guangdong history;
1. Nanyue was attached to the Han Dynasty and became a vassal state of the Han Dynasty;
Zhao Tuo established the South Vietnamese country, with Panyu (now Guangzhou) as its capital. At first it was called "King" instead of "Emperor", and Zhao Tuo was called "King of South Vietnam". After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang became the co-owner of the world, and all forces outside the Central Plains were welcome to join. Zhao Tuo, the country of Nanyue, also joined the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of the Han Dynasty, sealed the king of Nanyue in Zhao Tuo, and Nanyue became a vassal state of the Han Dynasty.
2. Zhao Tuo proclaimed himself the first emperor in Guangdong history;
(1) Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was a wise emperor. During the reign of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, South Vietnam and the Han Dynasty exchanged envoys to exchange needed goods, and Zhao Tuo, king of South Vietnam, also believed in Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. But after the death of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, the heirs were confused. After more than ten years, there were three emperors, Liu Ying, Gong Liu and Likas, and Lv Hou was directly in charge of state affairs. This directly led to the bad relationship between the Han Dynasty and Nanyue State, and the relationship went from bad to worse. In the end, Zhao Tuo became the emperor directly, and South Vietnam reached its peak in this period. In addition to the original three counties in Lingnan (Nanhai County, Guilin County and Elephant County), its territory also includes southern Hunan, Fujian and Vietnam (now Fujian) and Vietnam (now Vietnam).
(2) It was not until Liu Heng ascended the throne that the relationship between Han Dynasty and Nanyue State was rebuilt and reconciled. Liu Heng, the Emperor of Han Dynasty, has repeatedly shown kindness to Zhao Tuo, a South Vietnamese country. He rebuilt Zhao Tuo's ancestral grave, set up a grave keeper for Zhao Tuo's ancestral grave, offered sacrifices to Zhao Tuo's ancestral grave on time every year, and awarded Zhao Tuo's cousin his official position and property. So Zhao Tuo rejoined the Han Dynasty, and the vassal relationship between South Vietnam and the Han Dynasty was restored. At the same time, Zhao Tuo cancelled the title of "Emperor Wu of South Vietnam" in the Han Dynasty, but continued to use the title of "Emperor Wu of South Vietnam" for Zhao Tuo. Thus, Zhao Tuo, Emperor Wu of South Vietnam, proclaimed himself the first emperor in Guangdong history.